Current Veterinary Therapy: Food Animal Practice PDF
Preview Current Veterinary Therapy: Food Animal Practice
This page intentionally left blank David E. AndersoN, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVS Professor and Section Head, Agricultural Practices Department of Clinical Sciences Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine Manhattan, Kansas D. Michael Rings, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVIM Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 11830 Westline Industrial Drive St. Louis, Missouri 63146 CURRENT VETERINARY THERAPY: FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE, Fifth Volume ISBN: 978-1-4160-3591-6 Copyright © 2009, 1999, 1993, 1986, 1981 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Rights Department: phone: (+1) 215 239 3804 (US) or (+44) 1865 843830 (UK); fax: (+44) 1865 853333; e-mail: [email protected]. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier website at http://www.elsevier.com/permissions. Notice Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our knowledge, changes in practice, treatment, and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current information provided (i) on procedures featured or (ii) by the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose or formula, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on their own experience and knowledge of the patient, to make diagnoses, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient, and to take all appropriate safety precautions. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the Authors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising out of or related to any use of the material contained in this book. The Publisher International Standard Serial Number:1043-139X Vice President and Publisher:Linda Duncan Publisher: Penny Rudolph Managing Editor:Teri Merchant Publishing Services Manager: Patricia Tannian Senior Project Manager:Anne Altepeter Designer: Paula Catalano Printed in the United States of America Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To my wife, Lane, and sons, John and Jacob, whose understanding and support made this work possible; to the many teachers, especially Elaine Hunt and Guy St-Jean, who inspired me to accept Food Animal as a career choice; and to the many veterinary students who have continually challenged me to ask “why” or “why not” DEA To the many large-animal veterinarians who helped me in my academic career, especially Drs. Vernon Tharp, James C. Donham, Vaughn Larson, and Glen Hoffsis; and to my wife, Marylou, with thanks for her continued patience and love DMR This page intentionally left blank Contributors Eric J. Abrahamsen, DVM, DiplomateACVA Joan S. Bowen, DVM Anesthesiologist Bowen Mobile Veterinary Practice Ocala Equine Hospital Wellington, Colorado Ocala, Florida Ethical Responsibilities of Small Ruminant Veterinarians in Chemical Restraint in Ruminants Selecting and Using Therapeutics Inhalation Anesthesia in Ruminants Managing Severe Pain in Ruminants Carmen M.H. Colitz, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVO Ruminant Field Anesthesia Animal Eye Specialty Clinic West Palm Beach, Florida David E. Anderson, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVS Adjunct Associate Professor Professor and Section Head, Agricultural Practices The Ohio State University Department of Clinical Sciences Columbus, Ohio Kansas State University Food Animal Ocular Neoplasia College of Veterinary Medicine Manhattan, Kansas Michael T. Collins, DVM, PhD, DiplomateACVM Duodenal Obstruction Professor of Microbiology Fracture Management in Cattle Department of Pathobiological Sciences Intestinal Atresia School of Veterinary Medicine Intestinal Volvulus Madison, Wisconsin Intussusception Johne’s Disease (Paratuberculosis) Laparoscopic Abomasopexy for Correction of Left Displaced Abomasum Anthony W. Confer, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVP Pathophysiology of Displacement of the Abomasum in Cattle Regents Professor, Head, and Sitlington Endowed Chair Rectal Prolapse Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Surgery of the Larynx and Trachea Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Thoracic Surgery in Cattle Oklahoma State University Trichobezoars Stillwater, Oklahoma Umbilical Surgery in Calves Mannheimia haemolytica– and Pasteurella multocida– Vaginal and Uterine Prolapse Induced Bovine Pneumonia Michael D. Apley, DVM, PhD, DiplomateACVCP Maren J. Connolly, DVM Associate Professor Food Animal Intern, Department of Veterinary Clinical Department of Clinical Sciences Sciences Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine Manhattan, Kansas Ames, Iowa Feedlot Therapeutic Protocols Ruminal Acidosis and Rumenitis A. Catherine Barr, PhD, DiplomateABT Peter D. Constable, BVSc, MS, PhD, Diplomate ACVIM Veterinary Toxicologist Professor and Head Texas Veterinary Medical Diagnostic Laboratory Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences College Station, Texas Purdue University Hepatotoxicities of Ruminants West Lafayette, Indiana Antibiotic Treatment of Diarrhea in Preweaned Calves Ellen B. Belknap, MS, DVM, Diplomate ACVO Function and Dysfunction of the Ruminant Forestomach Metropolitan Veterinary Hospital Akron, Ohio Marilyn J. Corbin, DVM, MS, PhD Food Animal Ocular Neoplasia Beef Cattle Technical Consultant Elanco Animal Health Joachim F. Berchtold, Dr Med Vet, DiplomateECBHM Calhan, Colorado Tierärztliche Gemeinschaftspraxis An Economic Risk Assessment Model for Management of Obing, Germany Pregnant Feeder Heifers Antibiotic Treatment of Diarrhea in Preweaned Calves vii viii CONTRIBUTORS Thomas M. Craig, DVM, PhD Jennifer Ivany Ewoldt, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVS Professor Scott County Animal Hospital, PC Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Eldridge, Iowa Texas A&M University Surgery of the Urinary Tract College Station, Texas Helminth Parasites of the Ruminant Gastrointestinal Tract Virginia R. Fajt, DVM, PhD, DACVCP Gastrointestinal Protozoal Infections in Ruminants Clinical Assistant Professor Department of Veterinary Physiology and Harriet J. Davidson, MS, DVM, Diplomate ACVO Pharmacology Adjunct Professor Texas A&M University Kansas State University College Station, Texas College of Veterinary Medicine Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine: Therapeutic Manhattan, Kansas Considerations Michigan Veterinary Specialists Grand Rapids, Michigan Gilles Fecteau, Diplomate ACVIM Ophthalmic Examination Techniques for Production Professeur titulaire Animals Départment de Science Clinique Ophthalmic Therapeutics Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire Selected Eye Diseases of Cattle Université de Montréal Selected Eye Diseases of Sheep and Goats St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada Selected Eye Diseases of Swine Central Nervous System Infection and Infestation Mentation Abnormality, Depression, and Cortical André Desrochers, DMV, MS, Diplomate ACVS Blindness Professor Départment de Science Clinique Marie-Eve Fecteau, DVM, Diplomate ACVIM Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire Assistant Professor of Food Animal Medicine and Université de Montréal Surgery St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada University of Pennsylvania Coxofemoral Luxation New Bolton Center Ligament Injuries of the Stifle Kennett Square, Pennsylvania Abomasal Ulcers Thomas J. Doherty, MVB, MSc, Diplomate ACVA Muscular Tone and Gait Abnormalities Professor Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Sherrill Fleming, DVM, Diplomate ACVIM, ABVP University of Tennessee (Food Animal) Knoxville, Tennessee Associate Professor, Food Animal Medicine, Pain Management in Cattle and Small Ruminants Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Pascal Dubreuil, DMV, PhD Mississippi State University Professor Mississippi State, Mississippi Department of Clinical Sciences Ovine and Caprine Respiratory Disease: Infectious Agents, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Management Factors, and Preventive Strategies Université de Montréal St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada David Francoz, DMV, MSc, Diplomate ACVIM Small Ruminant Infectious Disease of the Foot Assistant Professor Départment de Science Clinique Misty A. Edmondson, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACT Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire Assistant Professor, Food Animal Section Université de Montréal Department of Clinical Sciences St-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada Auburn University Ancillary Tests Auburn, Alabama Cranial Nerve Abnormalities Diagnosis and Management of Injuries to the Penis and Muscular Tone and Gait Abnormalities Prepuce of Bulls (part titled Tremors) Pregnancy Toxemia in Sheep and Goats Septic Arthritis in Cattle Ronald J. Erskine, DVM, PhD Deborah S. Friedman, DVM, Diplomate ACVO Professor Animal Eye Care Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences Fremont, California Michigan State University Ophthalmology of South American Camelids: Llamas, East Lansing, Michigan Alpacas, Guanacos, and Vicuñas Decision Making in Mastitis Therapy CONTRIBUTORS ix Robert W. Fulton, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVM Dee Griffin, DVM, MS McCasland Foundation Endowed Chair for Food Animal University of Nebraska—Lincoln Research Great Plains Veterinary Educational Center Department of Veterinary Pathobiology Clay Center, Nebraska Center for Veterinary Health Sciences Cow-Calf Operation Beef Quality Assurance Oklahoma State University No Loose Parts Necropsy Procedure for the Feedyard Stillwater, Oklahoma Respiratory Disease Treatment Considerations in Viral Diseases of the Bovine Respiratory Tract Feedyards Franklyn B. Garry, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVIM Walter Grünberg, Dr med vet, MS, Diplomate ECAR, Professor and ECBHM Department of Clinical Sciences Visiting Clinical Instructor College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences Sciences Purdue University Colorado State University West Lafayette, Indiana Fort Collins, Colorado Function and Dysfunction of the Ruminant Forestomach Rumen Indigestion and Putrefaction Thomas H. Herdt, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVN, Ronette Gehring, BVSc, MMedVet (Pharm) ACVIM Assistant Professor Nutrition Section Department of Clinical Sciences Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health Section of Agricultural Practices Michigan State University Kansas State University East Lansing, Michigan Manhattan, Kansas Clinical Use of Ultrasound for Subcutaneous Fat Thickness Practical Pharmacokinetics for the Food Animal Measurements in Dairy Cattle Practitioner Fatty Liver in Dairy Cattle Ketosis Lisle W. George, DVM, PhD, Diplomate ACVIM Professor W. Mark Hilton, DVM, Diplomate ABVP (Beef) University of California—Davis Clinical Associate Professor, Beef Production Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine Purdue University, VCS—LYNN Davis, California West Lafayette, Indiana Central Nervous System Infection and Infestation Marketing Beef Cow-Calf Production Medicine Programs in Mentation Abnormality, Depression, and Cortical Private Practice Blindness Larry C. Hollis, DVM, MAg Brian J. Gerloff, DVM, PhD Extension Beef Veterinarian Owner, Seneca Bovine Services Kansas State University Marengo, Illinois Manhattan, Kansas Fatty Liver in Dairy Cattle Investigating Feedlot Respiratory Disease Outbreaks Ketosis John House, BVMS, PhD, Diplomate ACVIM Juliet R. Gionfriddo, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVO Associate Professor Associate Professor Livestock Veterinary Teaching and Research Unit Colorado State University University of Sydney Fort Collins, Colorado Camden, New South Wales, Australia Ophthalmology of South American Camelids: Llamas, Salmonellosis in Ruminants Alpacas, Guanacos, and Vicuñas Bruce L. Hull, DVM, MS, Diplomate ACVS Jesse P. Goff, DVM, PhD Professor Emeritus Director of Research & Development Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences West Central Cooperative College of Veterinary Medicine Ralston, Iowa The Ohio State University Milk Fever (Parturient Paresis) in Cows, Ewes, and Columbus, Ohio Doe Goats Disorders of the Upper Respiratory Tract in Food Animals Phosphorus Deficiency Ruminant Hypomagnesemic Tetanies Laura L. Hungerford, PhD, DVM, MPH Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Janey L. Gordon, DVM University of Maryland School of Medicine Herrington, Kansas Baltimore, Maryland Feedlot Vaccination Protocols An Economic Risk Assessment Model for Management of Pregnant Feeder Heifers
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