Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2019

2018·39.81 MB·English

by  Maxine A. Papadakis

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a LANGE medical book
2019
CURRENT
Medical Diagnosis
& Treatment
F I F T Y- E I G H T H E D I T I O N
Edited by
Maxine A. Papadakis, MD
Professor of Medicine, Emeritus
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Francisco
Stephen J. McPhee, MD
Professor of Medicine, Emeritus
Division of General Internal Medicine
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Francisco
Associate Editor
Michael W. Rabow, MD
Professor of Medicine and Urology
Division of Palliative Medicine
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Francisco
With Associate Authors
New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City
Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto
CMDT2019_FM_pi-xx.indd 1 05/07/18 2:02 PM
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Contents
Authors v 13. Blood Disorders 510
Preface xiii
Lloyd E. Damon, MD, &
Charalambos Babis Andreadis, MD, MSCE
1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion 1
Michael Pignone MD, MPH, & René Salazar, MD 14. Disorders of Hemostasis, Thrombosis, &
Antithrombotic Therapy 556
2. Common Symptoms 20
Andrew D. Leavitt, MD, & Tracy Minichiello, MD
Paul L. Nadler, MD, & Ralph Gonzales, MD, MSPH
15. Gastrointestinal Disorders 589
3. Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Kenneth R. McQuaid, MD
Management 46
16. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders 688
Hugo Q. Cheng, MD
Lawrence S. Friedman, MD
4. Geriatric Disorders 55
17. Breast Disorders 750
G. Michael Harper, MD, C. Bree Johnston, MD, MPH,
& C. Seth Landefeld, MD Armando E. Giuliano, MD, FACS, FRCSEd, &
Sara A. Hurvitz, MD
5. Palliative Care & Pain Management 72
18. Gynecologic Disorders 776
Michael W. Rabow, MD, Steven Z. Pantilat, MD,
Scott Steiger, MD, & Ramana K. Naidu, MD Jason Woo, MD, MPH, FACOG, &
Rachel K. Scott, MD, MPH, FACOG
6. Dermatologic Disorders 103
19. Obstetrics & Obstetric Disorders 811
Kanade Shinkai, MD, PhD, & Lindy P. Fox, MD
Vanessa L. Rogers, MD, & Scott W. Roberts, MD
7. Disorders of the Eyes & Lids 174
20. Rheumatologic, Immunologic, &
Paul Riordan-Eva, FRCOphth Allergic Disorders 840
David B. Hellmann, MD, MACP, &
8. Ear, Nose, & Throat Disorders 210 John B. Imboden Jr., MD
Lawrence R. Lustig, MD, & Joshua S. Schindler, MD
21. Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders 898
9. Pulmonary Disorders 252 Kerry C. Cho, MD
Asha N. Chesnutt, MD, Mark S. Chesnutt, MD, Niall 22. Kidney Disease 926
T. Prendergast, MD, & Thomas J. Prendergast, MD
Tonja C. Dirkx, MD, & Tyler Woodell, MD
10. Heart Disease 334
23. Urologic Disorders 966
Thomas M. Bashore, MD, Christopher B. Granger, MD,
Maxwell V. Meng, MD, FACS,
Kevin P. Jackson, MD, & Manesh R. Patel, MD
Thomas J. Walsh, MD, MS, & Thomas D. Chi, MD
11. Systemic Hypertension 451
24. Nervous System Disorders 990
Michael Sutters, MD, MRCP (UK)
Vanja C. Douglas, MD, &
Michael J. Aminoff, MD, DSc, FRCP
12. Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders 483
25. Psychiatric Disorders 1063
Warren J. Gasper, MD, Joseph H. Rapp, MD, &
Meshell D. Johnson, MD Kristin S. Raj, MD, Nolan Williams, MD, &
Charles DeBattista, DMH, MD
iii
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iv CMDT 2019 CONTENTS
26. Endocrine Disorders 1119 39. Cancer 1611
Paul A. Fitzgerald, MD Patricia A. Cornett, MD, Tiffany O. Dea, PharmD,
BCOP, Sunny Wang, MD, Lawrence S. Friedman,
27. Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia 1220 MD, Pelin Cinar, MD, MS, Kenneth R. McQuaid, MD,
Maxwell V. Meng, MD, FACS, & Charles J. Ryan, MD
Umesh Masharani, MB, BS, MRCP (UK)
40. Genetic & Genomic Disorders 1681
28. Lipid Disorders 1267
Reed E. Pyeritz, MD, PhD
Robert B. Baron, MD, MS
41. Sports Medicine & Outpatient
29. Nutritional Disorders 1276 Orthopedics 1690
Robert B. Baron, MD, MS Anthony Luke, MD, MPH, & C. Benjamin Ma, MD
42. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender
30. Common Problems in Infectious
Health 1722
Diseases & Antimicrobial Therapy 1294
Juno Obedin-Maliver, MD, MPH, MAS, Patricia A.
Peter V. Chin-Hong, MD, &
Robertson, MD, Kevin L. Ard, MD, MPH, Kenneth H.
B. Joseph Guglielmo, PharmD
Mayer, MD, & Madeline B. Deutsch, MD, MPH
31. HIV Infection & AIDS 1338 e1. Anti-Infective Chemotherapeutic &
Antibiotic Agents Online*
Mitchell H. Katz, MD
Katherine Gruenberg, PharmD, & B. Joseph
32. Viral & Rickettsial Infections 1377 Guglielmo, PharmD
Wayne X. Shandera, MD, &
e2. Diagnostic Testing & Medical Decision
Dima Dandachi, MD
Making Online*
33. Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections 1448 Chuanyi Mark Lu, MD
Bryn A. Boslett, MD, & e3. Information Technology in
Brian S. Schwartz, MD
Patient Care Online*
Russ Cucina, MD, MS
34. Spirochetal Infections 1493
Susan S. Philip, MD, MPH e4. Integrative Medicine Online*
Darshan Mehta, MD, MPH, &
35. Protozoal & Helminthic Infections 1510
Kevin Barrows, MD
Philip J. Rosenthal, MD
e5. Podiatric Disorders Online*
36. Mycotic Infections 1550 Monara Dini, DPM
Samuel A. Shelburne III, MD, PhD, &
e6. Women’s Health Issues Online*
Richard J. Hamill, MD
Megan McNamara, MD, MSc, &
37. Disorders Related to Environmental Judith Walsh, MD, MPH
Emergencies 1564
e7. Appendix: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring &
Jacqueline A. Nemer, MD, FACEP, &
Laboratory Reference Intervals, &
Marianne A. Juarez, MD
Pharmacogenetic Testing Online*
38. Poisoning 1580 Chuanyi Mark Lu, MD
Kent R. Olson, MD Index 1743
*Free access to online chapters at www.accessmedicine.com/cmdt
CMDT2019_FM_pi-xx.indd 4 05/07/18 2:02 PM
Authors
N. Franklin Adkinson, Jr., MD Kevin Barrows, MD
Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma & Clinical Professor of Family and Community Medicine,
Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland Director of Mindfulness Programs, Osher Center for
[email protected] Integrative Medicine; Department of Family and
Allergic & Immunologic Disorders (in Chapter 20) Community Medicine, University of California, San
Francisco
Michael J. Aminoff, MD, DSc, FRCP [email protected]
Distinguished Professor and Executive Vice Chair, CMDT Online—Integrative Medicine
Department of Neurology, University of California,
San Francisco; Attending Physician, University of Thomas M. Bashore, MD
California Medical Center, San Francisco Professor of Medicine; Senior Vice Chief, Division of
[email protected] Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham,
Nervous System Disorders North Carolina
[email protected]
Charalambos Babis Andreadis, MD, MSCE Heart Disease
Associate Professor of Clinical Medicine, Division of
Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Sudhamayi Bhadriraju, MD, MPH
San Francisco Clinical Fellow, Department of Medicine, University of
[email protected] California, San Francisco
Blood Disorders References
Kevin L. Ard, MD, MPH Bryn A. Boslett, MD
Faculty, Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts Assistant Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases,
General Hospital; Medical Director, National LGBT Department of Medicine, University of California,
Health Education Center, Fenway Institute; Instructor San Francisco
in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, [email protected]
Massachusetts Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections
[email protected]
Gay & Bisexual Men’s Health (in Chapter 42) Rachel Bystritsky, MD
Infectious Diseases Fellow, University of California,
Patrick Avila, MD San Francisco
Clinical Fellow, Division of Gastroenterology, Department References
of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco
References Hugo Q. Cheng, MD
Clinical Professor of Medicine, University of California,
Antoine Azar, MD San Francisco
Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of Allergy & [email protected]
Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins Asthma & Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management
Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland
[email protected] Asha N. Chesnutt, MD
Allergic & Immunologic Disorders (in Chapter 20) Clinical Assistant Professor, Division of Pulmonary &
Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine,
David M. Barbour, PharmD, BCPS Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
Pharmacist, Denver, Colorado [email protected]
[email protected] Pulmonary Disorders
Drug References
Mark S. Chesnutt, MD
Robert B. Baron, MD, MS Professor, Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Dotter
Professor of Medicine; Associate Dean for Graduate and Interventional Institute, Oregon Health & Science
Continuing Medical Education; University of University, Portland, Oregon; Director, Critical Care,
California, San Francisco Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care System
[email protected] [email protected]
Lipid Disorders; Nutritional Disorders Pulmonary Disorders
v
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vi CMDT 2019 AUTHORS
Thomas D. Chi, MD Charles DeBattista, DMH, MD
Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, University of Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Director,
California, San Francisco Depression Clinic and Research Program; Director of
[email protected] Medical Student Education in Psychiatry, Stanford
Urologic Disorders University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
[email protected]
Peter V. Chin-Hong, MD
Psychiatric Disorders
Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of
Medicine, University of California, San Francisco Madeline B. Deutsch, MD, MPH
[email protected] Associate Professor of Clinical Family & Community
Common Problems in Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial Medicine; Director, UCSF Transgender Care; Center of
Therapy Excellence for Transgender Health, University of
California, San Francisco
Kerry C. Cho, MD
[email protected]
Clinical Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Transgender Health & Disease Prevention (in Chapter 42)
University of California, San Francisco
[email protected] Monara Dini, DPM
Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders Assistant Clinical Professor, Chief of Podiatric Surgery
Division, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Pelin Cinar, MD, MS
University of California, San Francisco
Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine in Oncology,
[email protected]
University of California San Francisco; Director of
CMDT Online—Podiatric Disorders
Quality Improvement, UCSF Helen Diller Family
Comprehensive Cancer Center Tonja C. Dirkx, MD
[email protected] Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Nephrology,
Alimentary Tract Cancers (in Chapter 39) Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science
University, Portland, Oregon; Acting Nephrology
Patricia A. Cornett, MD
Division Chief, Portland Veterans Affairs Health Care
Professor of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology,
System
University of California, San Francisco
[email protected]
[email protected]
Kidney Disease
Cancer
Vanja C. Douglas, MD
Russ Cucina, MD, MS
Sara & Evan Williams Foundation Endowed
Professor of Hospital Medicine; Chief Health Information
Neurohospitalist Chair, Associate Professor of Clinical
Officer, UCSF Health System; University of California,
Neurology, Department of Neurology, University of
San Francisco
California, San Francisco
[email protected]
[email protected]
CMDT Online—Information Technology in Patient Care
Nervous System Disorders
Lloyd E. Damon, MD
Paul A. Fitzgerald, MD
Professor of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine,
Division of Hematology/Oncology; Director of Adult Clinical Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine,
Hematologic Malignancies and Blood and Marrow Division of Endocrinology, University of California,
Transplantation, Deputy Chief of the Division of San Francisco
Hematology and Medical Oncology, University of [email protected]
California, San Francisco Endocrine Disorders
[email protected]
Lindy P. Fox, MD
Blood Disorders
Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology,
Dima Dandachi, MD University of California, San Francisco
Infectious Diseases Fellow, Baylor College of Medicine, [email protected]
Houston, Texas Dermatologic Disorders
Viral & Rickettsial Infections
Tiffany O. Dea, PharmD, BCOP
Oncology Pharmacist, Veterans Affairs Health Care System,
San Francisco, California; Adjunct Professor, Thomas J.
Long School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Stockton,
California
[email protected]
Cancer
CMDT2019_FM_pi-xx.indd 6 05/07/18 2:02 PM
AUTHORS CMDT 2019 vii
Lawrence S. Friedman, MD Richard J. Hamill, MD
Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Professor Professor, Division of Infectious Diseases, Departments of
of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Medicine and Molecular Virology & Microbiology,
Boston, Massachusetts; The Anton R. Fried, MD, Chair, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
Department of Medicine, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, [email protected]
Newton, Massachusetts; Assistant Chief of Medicine, Mycotic Infections
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston
[email protected] G. Michael Harper, MD
Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders; Hepatobiliary Professor, Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine,
Cancers (in Chapter 39) University of California San Francisco School of
Medicine; San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care
Warren J. Gasper, MD System, San Francisco, California
Assistant Professor of Clinical Surgery, Division of [email protected]
Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Geriatric Disorders
Surgery, University of California, San Francisco
[email protected] David B. Hellmann, MD, MACP
Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders Aliki Perroti Professor of Medicine; Vice Dean for Johns
Hopkins Bayview; Chairman, Department of Medicine,
Armando E. Giuliano, MD, FACS, FRCSEd Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Johns Hopkins
Executive Vice Chair of Surgery, Associate Director of University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
Surgical Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, [email protected]
Los Angeles, California Rheumatologic, Immunologic, & Allergic Disorders
[email protected]
Breast Disorders Sara A. Hurvitz, MD
Associate Professor; Director, Breast Oncology Program,
Ilya Golovaty, MD Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of
Research Fellow, Department of Medicine, University of Internal Medicine, University of California,
California, San Francisco Los Angeles
References [email protected]
Breast Disorders
Ralph Gonzales, MD, MSPH
Associate Dean, Clinical Innovation and Chief Innovation John B. Imboden, Jr., MD
Officer, UCSF Health; Professor of Medicine, Division Alice Betts Endowed Chair for Arthritis Research;
of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Professor of Medicine, University of California,
University of California, San Francisco San Francisco; Chief, Division of Rheumatology,
[email protected] Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital
Common Symptoms [email protected]
Rheumatologic, Immunologic, & Allergic Disorders
Christopher B. Granger, MD
Professor of Medicine; Director, Cardiac Care Unit, Duke Kevin P. Jackson, MD
University Medical Center, Duke Clinical Research Assistant Professor of Medicine, Director of
Institute, Durham, North Carolina Electrophysiology, Duke Raleigh Hospital, Duke
[email protected] University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
Heart Disease [email protected]
Heart Disease
Katherine Gruenberg, PharmD
Assistant Professor, School of Pharmacy, University of Jane Jih, MD, MPH, MAS
California, San Francisco Assistant Professor of Medicine, Division of General
[email protected] Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University
CMDT Online—Anti-Infective Chemotherapeutic & of California, San Francisco
Antibiotic Agents References
B. Joseph Guglielmo, PharmD Meshell D. Johnson, MD
Professor and Dean, School of Pharmacy, University of Associate Professor of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary
California, San Francisco and Critical Care Medicine; Director of Faculty
[email protected] Diversity, Department of Medicine, University of
Common Problems in Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial California, San Francisco
Therapy; CMDT Online—Anti-Infective [email protected]
Chemotherapeutic & Antibiotic Agents Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders; Alcohol Use Disorder
(Alcoholism) (in Chapter 25)
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