CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2022 PDF
Preview CURRENT Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2022
a LANGE medical book 202 2 CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment S I X T Y - F I R S T E D I T I O N Edited by Maxine A. Papadakis, MD Professor of Medicine, Emeritus Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco Stephen J. McPhee, MD Professor of Medicine, Emeritus Division of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco Michael W. Rabow, MD Professor of Medicine and Urology Division of Palliative Medicine Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco Associate Editor Kenneth R. McQuaid, MD Professor of Medicine Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco With Associate Authors New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto CMDT2022_FM_pi-xx.indd 1 02/07/21 7:10 PM Copyright © 2022 by McGraw Hill. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-1-26-426939-6 MHID: 1-26-426939-0 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-1-26-426938-9, MHID: 1-26-426938-2. eBook conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benet of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. 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THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARAN- TEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors do not warrant or guarantee that the functions contained in the work will meet your requirements or that its operation will be uninterrupted or error free. Neither McGraw- Hill Education nor its licensors shall be liable to you or anyone else for any inaccuracy, error or omission, regardless of cause, in the work or for any damages resulting therefrom. McGraw-Hill Education has no responsibility for the content of any information accessed through the work. Under no circumstances shall McGraw-Hill Education and/or its licensors be liable for any indirect, incidental, special, punitive, consequential or similar damages that result from the use of or inability to use the work, even if any of them has been advised of the possibility of such damages. This limitation of liability shall apply to any claim or cause whatsoever whether such claim or cause arises in contract, tort or otherwise. Contents Authors v 13. Blood Disorders 502 Preace xiii Lloyd E. Damon, MD, & Charalambos Babis Andreadis, MD, MSCE Year in Review: Key Clinical Updates in CMDT 2022 14. Disorders of Hemostasis, Thrombosis, & 1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion 1 Antithrombotic Therapy 548 Michael Pignone, MD, MPH, & René Salazar, MD Andrew D. Leavitt, MD, & Erika Leemann Price, MD, MPH 2. Common Symptoms 15 Paul L. Nadler, MD, & Ralph Gonzales, MD, MSPH 15. Gastrointestinal Disorders 582 3. Preoperative Evaluation & Kenneth R. McQuaid, MD Perioperative Management 41 16. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Hugo Q. Cheng, MD Disorders 677 4. Geriatric Disorders 51 Lawrence S. Friedman, MD G. Michael Harper, MD, Leah J. Witt, MD, & 17. Breast Disorders 741 C. Seth Landefeld, MD Armando E. Giuliano, MD, FACS, FRCSEd, & 5. Palliative Care & Pain Management 68 Sara A. Hurvitz, MD, FACP Michael W. Rabow, MD, Steven Z. Pantilat, MD, 18. Gynecologic Disorders 768 Ann Cai Shah, MD, Lawrence Poree, MD, MPH, PhD, & Scott Steiger, MD Jill Long, MD, MPH, MHS, FACOG, & Katerina Shvartsman, MD, FACOG 6. Dermatologic Disorders 99 19. Obstetrics & Obstetric Disorders 799 Kanade Shinkai, MD, PhD, & Lindy P. Fox, MD Vanessa L. Rogers, MD, & Scott W. Roberts, MD 7. Disorders of the Eyes & Lids 167 20. Rheumatologic, Immunologic, Jacque L. Duncan, MD, Neeti B. Parikh, MD, & & Allergic Disorders 825 Gerami D. Seitzman, MD Jinoos Yazdany, MD, MPH, & Rebecca L. Manno, 8. Ear, Nose, & Throat Disorders 201 MD, MHS Lawrence R. Lustig, MD, & Joshua S. Schindler, MD 21. Electrolyte & AcidBase Disorders 884 9. Pulmonary Disorders 242 Nayan Arora, MD, & J. Ashley Jefferson, MD, FRCP Meghan E. Fitzpatrick, MD, Niall T. Prendergast, 22. Kidney Disease 912 MD, & Belinda Rivera-Lebron, MD, MS, FCCP Tonja C. Dirkx, MD, & Tyler B. Woodell, MD, MCR 10. Heart Disease 323 23. Urologic Disorders 952 Thomas M. Bashore, MD, Christopher B. Granger, MD, Kevin P. Jackson, MD, & Manesh R. Patel, MD Mathew Sorensen, MD, MS, FACS, Thomas J. Walsh, MD, MS, & Maahum A. Haider, MD, MPH 11. Systemic Hypertension 443 24. Nervous System Disorders 978 Michael Sutters, MD, MRCP (UK) Vanja C. Douglas, MD, & 12. Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders 475 Michael J. Aminoff, MD, DSc, FRCP Warren J. Gasper, MD, James C. Iannuzzi, MD, MPH, & Meshell D. Johnson, MD iii CMDT2022_FM_pi-xx.indd 3 02/07/21 7:10 PM iv CMDT 2022 CONTENTS 25. Psychiatric Disorders 1054 39. Cancer 1612 Kristin S. Raj, MD, Nolan Williams, MD, & Sunny Wang, MD, Tiffany O. Dea, PharmD, BCOP, Charles DeBattista, DMH, MD Lawrence S. Friedman, MD, Carling Ursem, MD, Kenneth R. McQuaid, MD, & George R. Schade, MD 26. Endocrine Disorders 1110 40. Genetic & Genomic Disorders 1676 Paul A. Fitzgerald, MD Reed E. Pyeritz, MD, PhD 27. Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia 1212 41. Orthopedic Disorders & Sports Umesh Masharani, MB, BS, MRCP (UK) Medicine 1685 28. Lipid Disorders 1256 Anthony Luke, MD, MPH, & C. Benjamin Ma, MD Michael J. Blaha, MD, MPH 42. Sexual & Gender, & Minority Health 1719 29. Nutritional Disorders & Obesity 1267 Patricia A. Robertson, MD, Nicole Rosendale, MD, Juno Obedin-Maliver, MD, MPH, MAS, Kevin L. Ard, Katherine H. Saunders, MD, & Leon I. Igel, MD, MD, MPH, Kenneth H. Mayer, MD, & Madeline B. FACP, FTOS Deutsch, MD, MPH 30. Common Problems in Infectious e1. AntiInfective Chemotherapeutic & Diseases & Antimicrobial Therapy 1288 Antibiotic Agents Online* Peter V. Chin-Hong, MD, & B. Joseph Katherine Gruenberg, PharmD, & B. Joseph Guglielmo, PharmD Guglielmo, PharmD 31. HIV Infection & AIDS 1331 e2. Diagnostic Testing & Medical Mitchell H. Katz, MD Decision Making Online* Chuanyi Mark Lu, MD 32. Viral & Rickettsial Infections 1374 Eva Clark, MD, PhD, Christine Akamine, MD, & e3. Information Technology in Patient Wayne X. Shandera, MD Care Online* Russ Cucina, MD, MS 33. Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections 1459 Bryn A. Boslett, MD, & Rachel Bystritsky, MD e4. Integrative Medicine Online* Darshan Mehta, MD, MPH 34. Spirochetal Infections 1498 Susan S. Philip, MD, MPH e5. Podiatric Disorders Online* Monara Dini, DPM, & Charles B. Parks, DPM 35. Protozoal & Helminthic Infections 1515 Philip J. Rosenthal, MD e6. Women’s Health Issues Online* Brigid Dolan, MD, MEd, & Judith Walsh, MD, MPH 36. Mycotic Infections 1553 Stacey R. Rose, MD, & Richard J. Hamill, MD e7. Appendix: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Laboratory Reference Intervals, & 37. Disorders Related to Environmental Pharmacogenetic Tests Online* Emergencies 1566 Chuanyi Mark Lu, MD Jacqueline A. Nemer, MD, FACEP, & Marianne A. Index 1741 Juarez, MD 38. Poisoning 1582 Craig Smollin, MD *Free access to online chapters at www.accessmedicine.com/cmdt CMDT2022_FM_pi-xx.indd 4 02/07/21 7:10 PM Authors N. Franklin Adkinson Jr., MD Thomas M. Bashore, MD Proessor o Medicine, Division o Allergy & Clinical Proessor o Medicine; Senior Vice Chie, Division o Immunology, Department o Medicine, Johns Hopkins Cardiology, Department o Medicine, Duke University Asthma & Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina [email protected] [email protected] Allergic & Immunologic Disorders (in Chapter 20) Heart Disease Christine Akamine, MD Michael J. Blaha, MD, MPH Fellow, Section o Inectious Diseases, Department o Proessor o Medicine, Division o Cardiology, Medicine, Baylor College o Medicine, Houston, Texas Department o Medicine; Director o Clinical Research, [email protected] Ciccarone Center or the Prevention o Cardiovascular Viral & Rickettsial Infections Disease; Johns Hopkins University School o Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland Michael J. Aminoff, MD, DSc, FRCP [email protected] Distinguished Proessor and Endowed Chair in Lipid Disorders Parkinson’s Disease Research, Department o Bryn A. Boslett, MD Neurology, University o Caliornia, San Francisco; Attending Physician, University o Caliornia Medical Assistant Proessor, Division o Inectious Diseases, Center, San Francisco Department o Medicine, University o Caliornia, michael.amino@ucs.edu San Francisco Nervous System Disorders Bryn.Boslett@ucs.edu Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections Charalambos Babis Andreadis, MD, MSCE Rachel Bystritsky, MD Proessor o Clinical Medicine, Division o Hematology/ Oncology, Department o Medicine, University o Assistant Proessor, Division o Inectious Diseases, Caliornia, San Francisco Department o Medicine, University o Caliornia, Charalambos.Andreadis@ucs.edu San Francisco Blood Disorders Rachel.Bystritsky@ucs.edu Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections Kevin L. Ard, MD, MPH Hugo Q. Cheng, MD Faculty, Division o Inectious Diseases, Massachusetts Clinical Proessor o Medicine, Division o Hospital General Hospital; Medical Director, National Medicine, Department o Medicine, University o LGBTQIA+ Health Education Center, Fenway Institute; Caliornia, San Francisco Instructor in Medicine, Harvard Medical School, quinny.cheng@ucs.edu Boston, Massachusetts Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management [email protected] Sexual & Gender Minority Health Mike Kai Wick Cheng, MD Clinician Educator Fellow, Division o General Internal Nayan Arora, MD Medicine, Department o Medicine, University o Assistant Proessor, Division o Nephrology, Department Caliornia, San Francisco o Medicine, University o Washington, Seattle, References Washington [email protected] Peter V. ChinHong, MD Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders Proessor o Medicine, Division o Inectious Diseases, Department o Medicine, University o Caliornia, Antoine Azar, MD San Francisco Assistant Proessor o Medicine, Division o Allergy & peter.chin-hong@ucs.edu Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins Asthma & Common Problems in Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial Allergy Center, Baltimore, Maryland Therapy [email protected] Allergic & Immunologic Disorders (in Chapter 20) Eva Clark, MD, PhD Assistant Proessor o Medicine, Section o Inectious David M. Barbour, PharmD, BCPS Diseases, Department o Medicine, Baylor College o Pharmacist, Denver, Colorado Medicine, Houston, Texas [email protected] [email protected] Drug References Viral & Rickettsial Infections v CMDT2022_FM_pi-xx.indd 5 02/07/21 7:10 PM vi CMDT 2022 AUTHORS Russ Cucina, MD, MS Brigid Dolan, MD, MEd Proessor o Hospital Medicine, Department o Medicine; Associate Proessor o Medicine and Medical Education, Chie Health Inormation Oicer, UCSF Health Division o General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, System; University o Caliornia, San Francisco Department o Medicine, Northwestern University russ.cucina@ucs.edu Feinberg School o Medicine CMDT Online—Information Technology in Patient Care [email protected] CMDT Online—Women’s Health Issues Lloyd E. Damon, MD Proessor o Clinical Medicine, Division o Hematology/ Vanja C. Douglas, MD Oncology, Department o Medicine; Director o Sara & Evan Williams Foundation Endowed Quality or the Adult Hematologic Malignancies and Neurohospitalist Chair, Proessor o Clinical Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, Neurology, Department o Neurology, University o University o Caliornia, San Francisco Caliornia, San Francisco lloyd.damon@ucs.edu Vanja.Douglas@ucs.edu Blood Disorders Nervous System Disorders Tiffany O. Dea, PharmD, BCOP Jacque L. Duncan, MD Oncology Pharmacist, Veterans Aairs Health Care Proessor o Clinical Ophthalmology, Department o System, San Francisco, Caliornia; Adjunct Proessor, Ophthalmology, University o Caliornia, San Francisco Thomas J. Long School o Pharmacy and Health jacque.duncan@ucs.edu Sciences, Stockton, Caliornia Disorders of the Eyes & Lids ti[email protected] Cancer Paul A. Fitzgerald, MD Clinical Proessor o Medicine, Division o Endocrinology, Charles DeBattista, DMH, MD Department o Medicine, University o Caliornia, Proessor o Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, San Francisco Department o Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; paul.itzgerald@ucs.edu Director, Depression Clinic and Research Program; Endocrine Disorders Director o Medical Student Education in Psychiatry, Stanord University School o Medicine, Stanord, Meghan E. Fitzpatrick, MD Caliornia Assistant Proessor o Medicine, Division o Pulmonary debattista@stanord.edu and Critical Care Medicine, Department o Medicine, Psychiatric Disorders University o Pittsburgh School o Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Madeline B. Deutsch, MD, MPH [email protected] Associate Proessor o Clinical Family & Community Pulmonary Disorders Medicine, Department o Family & Community Medicine; Medical Director, UCSF Transgender Care, Lindy P. Fox, MD University o Caliornia, San Francisco Proessor o Dermatology, Department o Dermatology, Madeline.Deutsch@ucs.edu University o Caliornia, San Francisco Sexual & Gender Minority Health Lindy.Fox@ucs.edu Dermatologic Disorders; Callosities & Corns of Feet or Toes Monara Dini, DPM (CMDT Online—Podiatric Disorders) Associate Clinical Proessor o Orthopedics, Department Lawrence S. Friedman, MD o Orthopedic Surgery, University o Caliornia, San Francisco Proessor o Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Proessor monara.dini@ucs.edu o Medicine, Tuts University School o Medicine, CMDT Online—Podiatric Disorders Boston, Massachusetts; The Anton R. Fried, MD, Chair, Department o Medicine, Newton-Wellesley Hospital, Tonja C. Dirkx, MD Newton, Massachusetts; Assistant Chie o Medicine, Associate Proessor o Medicine, Division o Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston Department o Medicine, Oregon Health & Science l[email protected] University, Portland, Oregon; Chie, Nephrology Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders; Hepatobiliary Section, Portland Veterans Aairs Health Care System Cancers (in Chapter 39) [email protected] Warren J. Gasper, MD Kidney Disease Associate Proessor o Clinical Surgery, Division o Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department o Surgery, University o Caliornia, San Francisco warren.gasper@ucs.edu Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders CMDT2022_FM_pi-xx.indd 6 02/07/21 7:10 PM AUTHORS CMDT 2022 vii Armando E. Giuliano, MD, FACS, FRCSEd Annsa C. Huang, MD Chie o Surgical Oncology, Department o Surgery, Clinical Fellow, Division o Gastroenterology and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, Caliornia Hepatology, Department o Medicine, University o [email protected] Caliornia, San Francisco Breast Disorders References Ralph Gonzales, MD, MSPH Sara A. Hurvitz, MD, FACP Proessor o Medicine, Division o General Internal Proessor o Medicine; Division o Hematology/Oncology, Medicine, Department o Medicine; Associate Dean, Department o Internal Medicine; Director, Breast Clinical Innovation and Chie Innovation Oicer, Oncology Program, University o Caliornia, UCSF Health; University o Caliornia, San Francisco Los Angeles ralph.gonzales@ucs.edu [email protected] Common Symptoms Breast Disorders Christopher B. Granger, MD James C. Iannuzzi, MD, MPH Proessor o Medicine, Division o Cardiology, Assistant Proessor o Surgery, Division o Vascular and Department o Medicine; Director, Cardiac Care Unit, Endovascular Surgery, Department o Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Duke Clinical University o Caliornia, San Francisco Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina james.iannuzzi@ucs.edu [email protected] Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders Heart Disease Leon I. Igel, MD, FACP, FTOS Katherine Gruenberg, PharmD, MAEd Assistant Proessor o Clinical Medicine, Division o Assistant Proessor, School o Pharmacy, University o Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department Caliornia, San Francisco o Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, Katherine.Gruenberg@ucs.edu New York CMDT Online—Anti-Infective Chemotherapeutic & [email protected] Antibiotic Agents Nutrition, Nutritional Disorders, & Obesity B. Joseph Guglielmo, PharmD Kevin P. Jackson, MD Proessor and Dean, School o Pharmacy, University o Associate Proessor o Medicine, Division o Cardiology, Caliornia, San Francisco Department o Medicine; Director o BJoseph.Guglielmo@ucs.edu Electrophysiology, Duke Raleigh Hospital, Duke Common Problems in Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Therapy; CMDT Online—Anti-Infective [email protected] Chemotherapeutic & Antibiotic Agents Heart Disease Maahum A. Haider, MD, MPH J. Ashley Jefferson, MD, FRCP Assistant Proessor o Urology, Department o Urology, Proessor o Medicine, Division o Nephrology, University o Washington, Seattle; Puget Sound Department o Medicine; Section Head, Nephrology, Veterans Aairs Health Care System University o Washington Medical Center, Seattle, [email protected] Washington Urologic Disorders [email protected] Richard J. Hamill, MD Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders Proessor o Medicine, Division o Inectious Diseases, Jane Jih, MD, MPH, MAS Departments o Medicine and Molecular Virology & Associate Proessor, Division o General Internal Microbiology, Baylor College o Medicine, Houston, Medicine, Department o Medicine, University o Texas; Sta Physician, Inectious Diseases Section, Caliornia, San Francisco Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Aairs Medical Center References [email protected] Mycotic Infections Meshell D. Johnson, MD G. Michael Harper, MD Proessor o Medicine, Chie, Division o Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, San Francisco Proessor, Division o Geriatrics, Department o Medicine, Veterans Aairs Health Care System; Associate Chair University o Caliornia, San Francisco School o or Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Department o Medicine; San Francisco Veterans Aairs Health Care Medicine, University o Caliornia, San Francisco System, San Francisco, Caliornia meshell.johnson@ucs.edu Michael.Harper@ucs.edu Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders; Alcohol Use Disorder Geriatric Disorders (Alcoholism) (in Chapter 25) CMDT2022_FM_pi-xx.indd 7 02/07/21 7:10 PM viii CMDT 2022 AUTHORS Marianne A. Juarez, MD Anthony Luke, MD, MPH Assistant Clinical Proessor, Department o Emergency Benio Distinguished Proessor in Sports Medicine, Medicine, University o Caliornia, San Francisco Department o Orthopaedics; Director, UCSF Primary Marianne.Juarez@ucs.edu Care Sports Medicine; Director, Human Perormance Disorders Related to Environmental Emergencies Center at the Orthopaedic Institute, University o Caliornia, San Francisco Mitchell H. Katz, MD anthony.luke@ucs.edu President and Chie Executive Oicer oNYCHealth + Orthopedic Disorders & Sports Medicine Hospitals, New York, New York [email protected] Lawrence R. Lustig, MD HIV Infection & AIDS Howard W. Smith Proessor and Chair, Department o Otolaryngology—Head & Neck Surgery, Columbia Tejaswi Kompala, MD University Irving Medical Center & New York Assistant Proessor, Division o Endocrinology and Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York Metabolism, Department o Medicine, University o [email protected] Caliornia, San Francisco Ear, Nose, & Throat Disorders References C. Benjamin Ma, MD C. Seth Landefeld, MD Proessor and Vice Chairman o Adult Clinical Proessor o Medicine; Chair, Department o Medicine Operations, Department o Orthopaedic Surgery, and Spencer Chair in Medical Science Leadership, University o Caliornia, San Francisco University o Alabama at Birmingham [email protected].edu sethlande[email protected] Orthopedic Disorders & Sports Medicine Geriatric Disorders Rebecca L. Manno, MD, MHS Andrew D. Leavitt, MD Adjunct Assistant Proessor, Division o Rheumatology, Proessor, Departments o Medicine (Hematology) and Johns Hopkins University School o Medicine, Laboratory Medicine; Medical Director, UCSF Adult Baltimore, Maryland Hemophilia Treatment Center, University o Caliornia, [email protected] San Francisco Rheumatologic, Immunologic, & Allergic Disorders andrew.leavitt@ucs.edu Disorders of Hemostasis, Thrombosis, & Antithrombotic Umesh Masharani, MB, BS, MRCP (UK) Therapy Proessor o Medicine, Division o Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department o Medicine, University o Mary E. Lohman, MD Caliornia, San Francisco Resident, Department o Dermatology, University o umesh.masharani@ucs.edu Caliornia, San Francisco Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia References Kenneth H. Mayer, MD Jill Long, MD, MPH, MHS, FACOG Proessor o Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Co-Chair Medical Oicer, Contraceptive Development Program, and Medical Research Director, The Fenway Institute; National Institute o Child Health and Human Director o HIV Prevention Research, Beth Israel Development, Bethesda, Maryland Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts [email protected] kmayer@enwayhealth.org Gynecologic Disorders Sexual & Gender Minority Health Chuanyi Mark Lu, MD Richard W. Mclean I, MD Proessor and Vice Chair, Department o Laboratory Fellow, Division o Gastroenterology, Department o Medicine, University o Caliornia, San Francisco; Medicine, University o Caliornia, San Francisco Chie, Lab Medicine Service, Veterans Aairs Health References Care System, San Francisco, Caliornia [email protected] Kenneth R. McQuaid, MD CMDT Online—Diagnostic Testing & Medical Decision Proessor o Medicine, Marvin H. Sleisenger Endowed Making; CMDT Online—Appendix: Therapeutic Drug Chair and Vice-Chairman, Department o Medicine, Monitoring, Laboratory Reference Intervals, & University o Caliornia, San Francisco; Chie, Medical Pharmacogenetic Testing Service, San Francisco Veterans Aairs Medical Center Kenneth.McQuaid@ucs.edu Gastrointestinal Disorders; Alimentary Tract Cancers (in Chapter 39) CMDT2022_FM_pi-xx.indd 8 02/07/21 7:10 PM
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