Table Of Content

RRE Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 http://www.archive.org/details/currentbiogr198100mori Current Biography Yearbook 1981 CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1981 EDITOR Charles Moritz ASSOCIATE EDITORS Evelyn Lohr Henry Sioan Kieran Dugan Judith Graham ASSISTANT EDITOR Lore Croghan THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY NEW YORK FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL CUMULATION-1981 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA International Standard Serial No. (0084-9499) Library of Congress Catalog Card No. (40-27432) Copyright © 1981, 1982 by The H. W. Wilson Company. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or b—y any means, including but not restricted to graphic, electronic, and mechanical for—example, photocopying, recording, taping, or information and retrieval systems without the express written permission of the publisher, except that a reviewer may quote and a magazine or newspaper may print brief passages as part of a review written specifically for inclusion in that magazine or newspaper. PREFACE The aim of CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1981 like that of the preceding volumes in this series of annual dictionaries of contemporary biography, now in its fifth decade of publication, is to provide the reference librarian, the student, or any researcher with brief, objective, accurate, and well-documented biographical articles about living leaders in all fields of human accomplishment the world over. Whenever feasible, obituary notices appear for persons whose biographies have been published in Current Biography. CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1981 carries on the policy of including new and updated biographical sketches that supersede earlier, out- dated articles. Sketches have been made as accurate and objective as possible through careful researching by CURRENT BIOGRAPHY writers in newspapers, magazines, authoritative reference books, and news releases of both government and private agencies. Immediately after they are publishedin the eleven monthly issues, articles are submitted to biographees to give them an opportunity to suggest corrections in time for CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK. To take account ofmajor changes inthe careers ofbiographees, sketches have also been revised before they are included in the yearbook. With the exception of occasional interviews, the questionnaire filled out by the biographee remains the main source of directinformation. In the back of the volume under Organizations can be found the names of those who head organizations. Some persons who are not professional authors but who have written books are included under Nonfiction in addition to their vocational fields. The annual bestowal of Nobel Prizes has added articles to the volume. The pages immediately following con- tain: Explanations; Key to Reference Abbreviations; Key to Pronunciation; and Key to Abbreviations. The indexes at the end of the volume are Biogra- phical References; Periodicals and—Newspapers Consulted; Classification by Profession; and Cumulated Index 1981. The 1940-1950 index can be found in the 1950 yearbook; the 1951-1960 index, in the 1960 yearbook, the 1961- 1970 index in the 1970 yearbook, and the 1971-1980 index in the 1980 yearbook. For their assistance in preparing CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1980, I should like to thank the associate and assistant editors. Charles Moritz W F ODNS R J Explanations Authorities for biographees' full names, with some exceptions, are the bibliographical publications of The Wilson Company. When a biographee prefers a certain name form, that is indicated in the heading of the article: for example, Niemoller, (Friedrich Gustav Emil) Martin means that he is usually referred to as Martin Niemoller. When a professional name is used in the heading, as, for example, Anne Bancroft, the real name (in this case Annemarie Italiano) appears in the article itself. The heading of each article includes the pronunciation of the name if it is unusual, date of birth (if obtainable), and occupation. The article is sup- plemented by a list of references to sources of biographical information, in two alphabets: (1) newspapers and periodicals and (2) books. (See the section Biographical References, found in the rear of this volume.) Key to Reference Abbreviations References to some newspapers and periodicals are listed in abbrevi- ated form; for example, "Sat Eve Post 217:14 S 30 '44 por" means Saturday Evening Post, volume 217, page 14, September 30, 1944, with portrait. (For full names, see the section Periodicals and Newspapers Consulted, found in the rear of this volume.) — — January —Ja July—Jl— Journal — February August Ag Magazine Mag — — — March Mr September Monthly Mo — — — April— Ap October — Portrait por May My November Weekly— — — — June Je December Review KEY TO PRONUNCIATION a ale old u Pronounced approxi- a care 6 orb mately as e, with a add odd rounded lips: French 8 arm oi oil u. as in menu 00 ooze (ma-nti); German 0. eve oo foot as in grun end ou out 3 the schwa, an un- g go stressed vowel rep- resenting the sound T Tee th then that is spelled th thin a as in sofa i ill e as in fitted K German ch as in i as in edible ich (iK) u cube o as in melon u urn; French eu, as in u as in circus N Not pronounced, but jou (zhu). German zh azure indicates the nasal 6. oe, as in sch(5n tone of the preced- (shun), Goethe t = main accent ing vowel, as in the (gu'te) French bon (boN). u tub " = secondary accent