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BWI^^^WH^ «u I CURRENT BIOGRAPHY 1962 WITH INDEX 1961-1962 s*** \$> ^> itf& ?o CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1962 CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 19 6 2 EDITED BY CHARLES MORITZ THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY NEW YORK, N. Y. TWENTY-THIRD ANNUAL CUMULATION—1962 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA © Copyright 1962, 1963 by THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY Library of Congress Catalog Card No. (40-27432) CURRENT BIOGRAPHY Reasonable quotation is permitted provided due credit is given to PREFACE A salient feature of the twenty-third volume of CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK is its substantial number of articles about internationally known figures in literature, philosophy, and the arts. T. S. Eliot, Hermann Hesse, Sean O'Casey, Arthur Koestler, Ivo Andric, Upton Sinclair, Noel Coward, William Ernest Hocking, Karl Barth, Sir Herbert Read, Jacques Lipchitz, and Pablo Picasso are included (some for the second time in the history of the publication). Trends reflected in CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1961 are also mirrored in CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1962. Continuing developments in the Kennedy administration added the names of George W. Ball, Angier Biddle Duke, McGeorge Bundy, and other New Frontiersmen to the 1962 volume. Articles about U Thant, Cyrille Adoula, and Sir Milton Margai, among others, underscore the promi- nence of Asian and African leaders in world politics. Sketches of John H. Glenn, Jr., Malcolm Scott Carpenter, and Gherman Titov celebrate man's continuing thrust into outer space, while articles about Nobel and Pulitzer prize winners honor his earthbound achievements. CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1962 continues to maintain its policy of including revised and updated biographical sketches that supersede earlier, outdated articles. Examples are the sketches of Mao Tse-tung, James E. Webb, Norman Thomas, Walter Lippmann, and Benny Goodman. Sketches have been made as accurate and objective as possible through careful researching by CURRENT BIOGRAPHY writers in newspapers, magazines, authori- tative reference books, and news releases of both government and private agencies. Immediately after their publication in monthly issues, articles are submitted to biographees to give them an opportunity to suggest corrections in time for CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK. To take account of major changes in the careers of biographees, sketches have also been revised before inclusion in the yearbook. With the exception of occasional interviews, the questionnaire remains the main source of direct information. In the back of the volume under Organizations can be found the heads of veterans, industrial, fraternal, and professional organizations. Persons who are not professional authors but who have written books are listed under Nonaction or Literature in addition to their primary vocational fields. The pages immediately following contain: Explanation; Key to Reference Abbre- viations; Key to Pronunciation; and Key to Abbreviations. The indexes at the end of the volume are: Biographical References; Periodicals and Newspapers Consulted; Necrol- ogy (of persons whose biographies have appeared in previous volumes); Classification by Profession; Cumulated Index, 1961-1962. The 1940-1950 index can be found in the 1950 yearbook, and the 1951-1960 index, in the 1960 yearbook. For their help in the preparation of CURRENT BIOGRAPHY YEARBOOK 1962 I should like to thank associate editors Miss Evelyn Lohr, Mrs. Alice Cheyer, and Mr. Henry S. Sloan. CHARLES MORITZ F ODNS RJW Explanations Authorities For biographees' lull names, with some exceptions, are the bibliographical publications ol The Wilson Company. When a biographee prefers ;i certain name form, that is indicated in the heading oi the article: for example. Armstrong-Jones, Antony (Charles Robert) means that he is usually referred to as Antony Armstrong-Jones. When a professional name is used in the heading, as for example, Anne Bancroft, the real name (in this case Annemarie ttaliano) appears in the article itself. The heading of each article includes the pronunciation of the name if it is unusual, date of birth (if obtainable), and occupation. The article is supplemented by a list ol references to sources of biographical information, in two alphabets: (1) newspapers and periodicals and (2) books. (See the section Biographical References, found in the rear of this volume.) KEY TO REFERENCE ABBREVIATIONS References to newspapers and periodicals are listed in abbreviated form; for example, "Sat Eve Post 217:14 S 30 '44 por" means Saturday Evening Post, volume 217, page 14, September 30, 1944, with portrait. (For full names, see the section Periodicals and Newspapers Consulted, found in the rear of this volume.) — — January Ja July-Jl Journal — — — February August Ag Magazine Mag — — — March Mr September Monthly Mo — April Ap October— Weekly— May—My November— Portrait—por June—Je December— Review— KEY TO PRONUNCIATION a ale N Not pronounced, urn; French eu, as a care but indicates the in jeu (zhu); Ger- a add nasal tone of the man o, oe, as in a account preceding vowel, schon (shun), a arm as in the French Goethe (gu'te) a ask bon (boN). tub d sofd circus 5 old Pronounced ap- e eve 6 orb proximately as r. e end 6 odd with rounded lips: e maker 01 oil French u. as in oo ooze menu (me-nu' g go do fool German ii, as i)n; ou out grtin I ice zh I 111 th then th thin main accent K German ch ich (Ik) ibe secondary accenl