Current and emerging therapies in pancreatic cancer PDF
Preview Current and emerging therapies in pancreatic cancer
Current and Emerging Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer Tanios Bekaii-Saab Bassel El-Rayes Editors 123 Current and Emerging Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer Tanios Bekaii-Saab • Bassel El-Rayes Editors Current and Emerging Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer Editors Tanios Bekaii-Saab Bassel El-Rayes Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Winship Cancer Institute Scottsdale, AZ Emory University USA Atlanta, GA USA ISBN 978-3-319-58255-9 ISBN 978-3-319-58256-6 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-58256-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017955090 © Springer International Publishing AG 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer International Publishing AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Preface Current and Emerging Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology, etiology, pathology, screening, diagnosis, and manage- ment of pancreatic cancer. A primary focus of our role as editors was to identify and engage national and international thought leaders in the field of pancreatic cancer to present the state of the art in basic, translational, population science, and clinical research. The authors also truly represent the multidisciplinary expertise ranging from radiology, gastroenterology, pathology, medical, surgical, and radiation oncol- ogy involved in the management of this highly complex disease. As such, this book highlights the importance of a team-based approach for the development of a clini- cally successful program in pancreatic cancer. Each chapter details the evidence that supports the clinical management algorithms used in practice providing practicing clinicians with an invaluable and concise resource to guide patient care. Although the current outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer remain at best modest with minimal improvement in the past few decades, there have been substantial developments in the understanding of the biology and pathophysiol- ogy underlying this disease. Organoids, genetically engineered mouse models, and patient-derived xenografts provide researchers with preclinical models that accu- rately recapitulate human disease. Consequently, the field of pancreatic cancer is at a turning point as scientists and clinicians translate this wealth of basic knowl- edge into clinical trials. A unique focus of this book is that it presents these recent developments and projects how these advances will shape the field in the future. Chapters have been dedicated to reviewing synthetic lethality, immune therapy, virotherapy, vaccines, and tumor microenvironment-based therapies. These topics represent the cornerstone of novel therapies that will shape the management of pancreatic cancer. Our ultimate goal of this book is to enhance participation in collaborative research aimed at advancing the care and outcomes of patients and to encourage junior scientists and clinicians to consider a carrier focused on pancreatic cancer. In recent years, there has been an increase in public awareness and involvement at the community level in pancreatic cancer leading to a resurgence of interest in this dis- ease and a clear increase in research funding and in the number of clinical trials. v vi Preface Without this continued commitment to invest in innovative translational clinical research, the status quo for this disease will not significantly change. Finally, we would like to thank the authors for their remarkable contributions and continued commitment to research, scientific advancement, and patient care in the field of pancreatic cancer. Scottsdale, AZ, USA Tanois Bekaii-Saab, M.D., F.A.C.P. Atlanta, GA, USA Bassel El-Rayes, M.D. Contents 1 Pancreatic Cancer Epidemiology and Environmental Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Mahender Yellu, Chandana Kamireddy, and Olugbenga O. Olowokure 2 Anatomy of the Pancreas and Biliary Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Constantinos P. Zambirinis and Peter J. Allen 3 Pathology: Premalignant and Malignant Diseases and Molecular Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Wei Chen, Ming Jin, and Wendy L. Frankel 4 Screening for Pancreatic Cancer: Who to Screen and How to Follow-Up? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Phil A. Hart, Peter P. Stanich, and Heather Hampel 5 Staging and Prognostic Implications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Amit Mahipal and Richard Kim 6 Current and Emerging Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . 119 Maria Diab and Philip A. Philip 7 Imaging of Pancreatic Malignancies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 Ferenc Czeyda-Pommersheim, Bobby Kalb, and Diego Martin 8 Advanced Endoscopic Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151 James J. Farrell 9 How to Treat Resectable Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 Mary Dillhoff and Mark Bloomston 10 The Management of Locally Advanced Nonmetastatic Pancreas Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 Brent T. Xia, Young Kim, and Syed A. Ahmad vii viii Contents 11 Cytotoxic Therapy in Advanced Pancreatic Cancer: Where We Are and Where We Are Headed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 Namrata Vijayvergia and Steven J. Cohen 12 Molecularly Targeted Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Walid L. Shaib and Bassel F. El-Rayes 13 Targeting the Tumor Microenvironment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235 Julia Carnevale and Andrew H. Ko 14 S ynthetic Lethality: Achilles Heel in Select Patient Subpopulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 Min Yuen Teo and Eileen M. O’Reilly 15 I mmunotherapies in Pancreatic Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Mohamad Bassam Sonbol and Mitesh J. Borad 16 V accine Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Benjamin A. Weinberg and Michael J. Pishvaian 17 V irotherapies in Pancreatic Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 Daniel H. Ahn and Ramesh Ramanathan 18 Novel Radiotherapy Modalities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 Lauren M. Rosati, Shalini Moningi, Lauren Colbert, Sweet Ping Ng, and Joseph M. Herman 19 The Role for Palliative Surgical Interventions in Pancreatic Cancer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 Alexandra G. Lopez-Aguiar and Shishir K. Maithel 20 Current and Emerging Therapies in Pancreatic Cancer: Do They Provide Value? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 Astrid Belalcazar and Olatunji B. Alese Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 Contributors Syed A. Ahmad, M.D. Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA Daniel H. Ahn, D.O. Mayo Clinic, Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Phoenix, AZ, USA Olatunji B. Alese Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA Peter J. Allen, M.D. Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA Astrid Belalcazar Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA Mark Bloomston, M.D. 21st Century Oncology, Fort Myers, FL, USA Mitesh J. Borad, M.D. Department of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA Julia Carnevale, M.D. Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Wei Chen, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA Steven J. Cohen, M.D. Abington Hospital-Jefferson Health, Abington, PA, USA Lauren Colbert, M.D., M.S. Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA Ferenc Czeyda-Pommersheim, M.D. Department of Medical Imaging, Banner- University, Tucson, AZ, USA Maria Diab Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA Mary Dillhoff, M.D., M.S. James Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA ix x Contributors Bassel El-Rayes, M.D. Department of Hematology and Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA James J. Farrell, M.D. Yale Pancreatic Disease Program, Interventional Endoscopy, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Wendy L. Frankel, M.D. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA Heather Hampel, M.S., C.G.C. Division of Human Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA Phil A. Hart, M.D. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA Joseph M. Herman, M.D., M.Sc. Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA Ming Jin, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA Bobby Kalb, M.D. Department of Medical Imaging, Banner University Medical center, Tucson, AZ, USA Chandana Kamireddy, M.D. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA Young Kim, M.D. Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, The University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA Richard Kim, M.D. Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA Andrew H. Ko, M.D. Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Alexandra G. Lopez-Aguiar, M.D. Winship Cancer Institute, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Atlanta, GA, USA Amit Mahipal, M.B.B.S., M.P.H. Department of Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA Shishir K. Maithel, M.D. Winship Cancer Institute, Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Atlanta, GA, USA Diego Martin, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Medical Imaging, Banner University Medical Center, Tucson, AZ, USA Shalini Moningi, M.D. Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
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