Cultural anthropology : a contemporary perspective PDF
Preview Cultural anthropology : a contemporary perspective
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE a" ito + i THIF q — Ps - CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE THIRD EDITION CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY A CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVE THIRD EDITION i ROGER M. KEESING LATE OF McGitt UNiveRrsITy A ANDREW J. STRATHERN UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH HARCOURT BRACE COLLEGE PUBLISHERS Fort Worth Philadelphia San Diego New York Orlando Austin San Antonio Toronto Montreal London Sydney Tokyo Publisher Earl McPeek Acquisitions Editor Brenda Weeks Product Manager Julie McBurney Developmental Editor Margaret McAndrew Beasley Project Editor Angela Williams Urquhart Production Managers Cindy Young, Debra A. Jenkin Art Director Don Fujimoto Cover image © Art Wolfe / Art Wolfe, Inc. Part-opening illustrations by Sueo Fujimoto. Copyright © 1998 by Harcourt Brace & Company Copyright © 1981, 1976 by Holt, Rinehart and Winston All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to: Permissions Department, Harcourt Brace & Company, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, Florida 32887-6777. Special acknowledgments of copyright ownership and of permission to reproduce works (or excerpts thereof) included in this edition begin on page 545 and constitute an extension of this page. Address for Editorial Correspondence Harcourt Brace College Publishers, 301 Commerce Street, Suite 3700, Fort Worth, TX 76102 Address for Orders Harcourt Brace & Company, 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-6777 1-800-782-4479 Web site address: http://www.hbcollege.com Harcourt Brace & Company will provide complimentary supplements or supplement packages to those adopters qualified under our adoption policy. Please contact your sales representative to learn how you qualify. If as an adopter or potential user you receive supplements you do not need, please return them to your sales representative or send them to: ' ATTN: Returns Department Troy Warehouse 165 South Lincoln Drive Troy, MO 63379 ISBN: 0-03-047582-1 Library of Congress Catalogue Number: 97-74500 Printed in the United States of America a7 O11 2etea© O87 IO7D 65E 4 3 2 Contents List of Cases ix Preface to the Third Edition xi Preface to the Second Edition xvii Chapter 1 The Anthropological Approach 2 1. Anthropology as a Field of Knowledge 2 2. Modes of Anthropological Understanding: Theory, Interpretation, and Science 6 Part 1 Chapter 2 Culture and People: Some Basic Culture, Society, and the Concepts 14 Individual 3. The Anthropological Concept of Culture 14 4. The Relation of Culture to Society 22 Chapter 3 Language and Communication 26 5. The Nature and Organization of Language 26 6. From Language to Culture 32 Chapter 4 Culture and the Individual 44 7. Culture and Personality: Beyond Cultural Determinism 46 8. Culture as Internal Models of Reality 51 9. The Psychodynamics of Personality in Evolutionary Perspective 56 Part 2 Chapter 5 The Tribal World as Mosaic, as Tribal Peoples: Ladder, and as System 68 Toward a Systemic View 10. Mosaic and Ladder Stereotypes 68 11. The Tribal World as System 73 hapter G Modes of Subsistence, Modes of Adaptation 80 12. Contemporary Hunter-Gatherers 80 13. Tropical Horticulturists 89 14. Pastoral Adaptations 94 \s hapter7 How Cultures Change 104 15. Cultural Ecology, Cultural Materialism 105 16. Beyond Ecological Explanation 115 Vv vi CONTENTS Part 3 Chapter 8 Economic Systems 138 The Tribal World: The 17. Systems of Production 139 Legacy of Human 18. The Economics of Distribution’ 151 19. Competing Views of Anthropological Diversity Economics 165 20. The Integration of Economic Systems 169 Chapter 9 Kinship, Descent, and Social Structure 174 21. Social Structure: Some First Principles 174 22. Kinship in Tribal Societies 177 23. Descent Systems 182 24. The Classification of Relatives 205 25. Kinship and Social Relations 209 Chapter 10 Marriage, Family, and Community 216 26. Marriage in Comparative Perspective 216 27. Marriage: Contracts and Transactions 218 28. Incest, Exogamy, and Alliance 228 29. Domestic Groups 233 30. Kinship and Community 237 31. Beyond Kinship: Age Sets and Voluntary Associations 244 Chapter 11 Power and Politics 248 32. Political Systems 248 33. The Processes of Politics 255 34. Religion, Power, and the Politics of Knowledge 264 Chapter 12 Gendered Lives 270 35. Womens Worlds 270 Chapter 13 Structures of Inequality 282 36. Social Classes and Stratification 282 Chapter 14 Law and Social Control 288 37. Social Control and Pressures to Conformity 288 38. Law: A Comparative View 293 Chapter 15 Religion: Ritual, Myth, and Cosmos 302 39. Religion in Comparative Perspective 302
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