CT Anatomy for Radiotherapy

317 Pages·2011·49 MB·English

by  Pete Bridge

This book meets the growing demand for a radiographic anatomy text on the interpretation of radiotherapy CT images. Most of the D P
existing publications are aimed at the diagnostic radiographer, but radiotherapy scans often require a different plane of images from a e
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those used by our diagnostic colleagues. At present, students are frequently forced to thumb between three images from the textbook e
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radiotherapy positioning, immobilisation methods and imaging techniques. Written by experts in the field, the text is aimed not only ip g
at the pre-registration radiotherapy student, but also at staff working with image-guided radiotherapy equipment, CT simulators and p e
CT scanners. It will also be of value to radiotherapy planning staff who want to update their knowledge of CT anatomy and advanced e
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practitioners wishing to specialise in advanced planning or structure outlining.
for Radiotherapy
Available for download in eBook format
If you have an Apple™ iPhone, iPod touch, iPad OR an Amazon™ Kindle
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An easy learning guide
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Self-assessment in
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Pete Bridge
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David J. Tipper
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ISBN: 978-1-905539-14-7 p
ISBN 978-1-905539-54-3 y
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CT Anatomy for Radiotherapy
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Other Health & Social Care Books from M&K include:
Research Issues in Health and Social Care
ISBN: 978-1-905539-20-8
Self-assessment in Limb X-ray Interpretation
ISBN: 978-1-905539-13-0
Self-assessment in Paediatric Musculoskeletal Trauma X-rays
ISBN: 978-1-905539-34-5
Self-assessment in Axial Skeleton Musculoskeletal Trauma X-rays
ISBN: 978-1-905539-47-5
Self-assessment in Musculoskeletal Pathology X-rays
ISBN: 978-1-905539-14-7
Spiritual Assessment in Healthcare Practice
ISBN: 978-1-905539-27-7
Perspectives on Death & Dying
ISBN: 978-1-905539-21-5
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CT Anatomy for Radiotherapy
Pete Bridge
David J. Tipper
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CT Anatomy for Radiotherapy
Pete Bridge
David J. Tipper
ISBN: 978-1-905539-54-3
First published 2011
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior permission of the publishers or a licence permitting
restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, W1T 4LP. Permissions
may be sought directly from M&K Publishing, phone: [phone], fax: [phone] or email: [email protected]
Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
Original format and layout and all images © the authors.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Notice
Clinical practice and medical knowledge constantly evolve. Standard safety precautions must be followed, but, as knowledge is broadened
by research, changes in practice, treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers must check the most current
product information provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered and verify the dosages and correct administration, as well as
contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, utilising the experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine dosages and the
best treatment for each individual patient. Any brands mentioned in this book are as examples only and are not endorsed by the publisher. Neither
the publisher nor the authors assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from this publication.
To contact M&K Publishing write to:
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Designed and typeset in 11pt Helvetica Neue by Mary Blood
Printed in England by H&H Reeds Printers, Penrith
To my ever-supportive parents, my inspirational Jacqui and my wonderful kids,
Connor and Rhiannon. (PB)

‘We ought to write a book’, we said; it seemed like a great idea at the time, but the
practicalities were a little more complicated than first anticipated, combining a busy
work schedule and family life. My heartfelt thanks go to all who have supported
me over the last 12 months. Judith, Alex, Amy and Izzy, we can take that holiday in
Disneyland now – you’ve earned it! Thank you. (DJT)
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Contents
About the authors ix
Acknowledgements x
Foreword by Dr David Bottomley xi
Preface xiii
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose of the book 3
1.2 CT Principles and Equipment 4
1.3 CT Interpretation 6
1.4 Common CT Artefacts 13
1.5 MRI Principles and Equipment: A brief introduction 15
Chapter 2 Pelvis and Abdomen
2.1 Musculoskeletal System 21
2.2 Urinary System 26
2.3 Digestive System 29
2.4 Male Reproductive System 37
2.5 Female Reproductive System 41
2.6 Circulatory System 45
2.7 Lymphatic System 50
2.8 Male Pelvis and Abdomen Fully Labelled CT Scans 53
2.9 Female Pelvis and Abdomen Fully Labelled CT Scans 73
2.10 Common Pelvis and Abdomen Tumour Pathology CT Appearance 89
2.11 Self-Test Questions 93
Chapter 3 Thorax
3.1 Musculoskeletal System 103
3.2 Digestive System 106
3.3 Respiratory System 108
3.4 Cardiovascular System 114
3.5 Lymphatic System 122
3.6 Full Thoracic CT 126
3.7 Common Thoracic Tumour Pathology CT Appearance 143
3.8 Self-Test Questions 145
Chapter 4 Head and Neck (Extracranial)
4.1 Musculoskeletal System 153
4.2 Digestive System 161
4.3 Respiratory System 166
4.4 Circulatory System 171
4.5 Lymphatic System 176
4.6 Deep Spaces 182
4.7 Full Head and Neck CT Anatomy 194
4.8 Common Head and Neck Tumour Pathology CT Appearance 214
4.9 Self-Test Questions 216
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Chapter 5 Intracranial
5.1 Cerebrospinal Fluid Spaces 223
5.2 Circulatory System 227
5.3 Central Nervous System 233
5.4 Full Intracranial CT and MR Anatomy 240
5.5 Common Intracranial Tumour Pathology CT Appearance 280
5.6 Self-Test Questions 283
Chapter 6 CT in Radiotherapy
6.1 Kilovoltage Cone Beam CT 289
6.2 Megavoltage Cone Beam CT 290
Answers to Self-Test Questions 294
Structure Key 295
References and Further Reading 299
Index 300
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About the authors
Pete Bridge BSc MSc
Pete is a senior lecturer in Radiotherapy and Oncology at Sheffield Hallam University, where he teaches radiotherapy
planning, radiation physics, and CT anatomy. He is the course leader for the MSc Radiotherapy Planning course as well
as the facilitator for CPD short courses on CT Anatomy and structure outlining (prostate, brain and breast). Pete has
worked clinically as a therapy radiographer in Manchester, Auckland, Dundee and Derby. He is particularly interested in
structure outlining for radiotherapy planning.
David J. Tipper DCR(R) PgCert (MRI) PgCert (CT)
David is the Cross-Sectional Imaging Manager for Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Northern General Hospital,
Sheffield, UK. He has worked clinically as a diagnostic radiographer for 18 years and now has what he describes as his
dream job. He chose to specialise in cross-sectional imaging early on in his career, and has worked clinically in CT and
MRI for nearly 15 years in Derby and now in Sheffield. David has an almost obsessive interest in cross-sectional anatomy
and also lectures regularly on the subject.
ix
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