Cruyde Boeck Antwerpen, 1563 ; digitales Faksimile nach dem Exemplar der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg

776 Pages·2005·130.403 MB·German

by  Rembert Dodoens, Lydia Kaiser (editor), Ans Schapendonk (editor), Thomas Gloning (editor)

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A Great Flemish Herbal
t
«embert Dodoens, one of the greatest botanists of the 16th century,
was born in ralines in 1517, studied at Louvaln, became physician
to the Emperors Maximilian II and Rudolph II and in 1582 Professor
of Medicine at Leyden, where he died three years later.
Uodoens' interest in nedical botany led him to write his faroous herbal
.
*
was orjginallv published in Flemish and only two edltions were
It
printed at nis own responsibility, one in 155Ö anf the seoond in 1563
which considerably enlarged and more richly illustrated, both
is
printed by Vander Loe in .ontwerp.
This herbal is important for its plant olassification, for the exactness
fr
of the desoriptions and the diotionary of plant names. It is moreover
a very beautiful woodeut book. Dodoens used partly the bloeks from
Fuchs' octavo herbal, but he added a number of new engravings.
The text is his own work, whereas t French translation was done by
ie
u lusius and the £inglish version of 1578 by Henry Lyte.
•
Only the flemish edition can ba considered as Dodoens' original work
and the 1563 edition is doubtless the most desirable. beoause it is
"met^ë'er^vë'ê'l sehoonef^uerenvermeerdert n - enriched with very
many nieepictures - as the eloquent title page assures the reader.
In faot, this edition nas exactly 126 cuts more than the earlier one.
"DODOENS (Rembert). Craydeboeck Antwerp 1563.
.
Folio. 774 pages. Title within fine woodeut
border. 841 woodeuts of plants and treBs.
..'ith
Contemporary stamped oalf, neatly rebacked.
References: Arber, ferbals, 82 ff. Funck, Le Livre Beige, 305.
^t
Jan Veth, De Prenten in het Cruydt-Boeek van Dodonaeus.
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«
»/ «IIV
-
DODON^I
REMBERTI MECH-
SEDVNDAM
COM-
LINIENSIS MEDICI, IN
MENTARIORVM SVORVM STIRPIVM
DE H
S-
I
toria edkionem,ad ftudioibs Medicina:
Candidatos
prarfatio.
TIRPÏVM
acvniuerfüraateriasMedicx cognitionem
potemifsimrs Regi*
bus,antiquifsimis Heroibus praeltantifsimis Medicis ac Phijofophis olim
in
,
pretiohabitam.vtiiemac nccc(Tariam M«dicxartiiudicatam, fummo
ftudio
necminoridiligcntiaexcultam, adeo manitcilum efl vtmultis aflcrtiombus
,
opus non non Regum Heroum,
fit-Praefertim paucis herbis ac qui has vel pri—
— ui mi inuenerant,vel in frequenti medendi vfu habuerunt, nomina retinentibus
vt Mithridatiuro.EupatoriQm, Gentiana, Lylimachia,
' Achillca, Centaurium
Alcibiadium,Telephium,
Arthemifia, aliique plures:& veicres ipfos,atque inter cos Hippocra-
tem Mtdicorum omnium
Ionge principem,Galenum,nonnulloscj; alios, longinquas peregrinati-
ones.cognofcendi &
materiae Medica: caufa fufcepiire,& propria aliorum
fcripta teftentur.
Eandernverofcieotiam, apofleriorum noflroquc tempore vicinorum
feculorum
medicis ac
philofophis,pbne negleétam contemptam quoque
.& fut/Te , res ipfa euidenter docet Solae enim
.
illa; Medicina: partes.ab illorum feculorum Medicis coli vil* lunt, qua; ex rationum pbyficarum
fontibusdeducrx.hinc dubitandi difputandiq; vberem materiam
praberent:alia: vcró, vfu atque
txperiéntia conitantes,vt fteiiles acieiun» fpretae.Cuiufmodi ipfa Bot«hki! eir.Phyfica'rum
ratio-
num
fubfichum velnuüum vel exiguum admittens Quamobtem eius omni notitia mulieribus
. ,
herbarijs analphabcris.vel indoflis pnarm3copceis reliöa, indignum j
profefsionefua
acmagnificil
titulisparum decorum
infcelices Medici exiftimabant .cognofcendse
illi alicuius matetia? medica:
herbxaut minimum
flirpis caufa.vel opera: laboriscjue.fumereiextra vrbes ad montes
conualles*
prata .füburbanaqueloca
excurrere.
Tantam
ftudiorum
difsimilitudinem.fatalis feculorum ordo
ille peperit qui Si maximas vrbej'
,
potentifsima regna.latifsimdpatenria imperia,?* hanc Medicina; partem,
nonnullasq'- alias peffun
dedit.acpropemodumextinxit.Vndc
faflum.vt qua: olim facill.mè ac nullo propemodum
neeo»
tio matcna: Medica:
ac Stirpium cognitio percipi poterat.difFicilis ac obfeura '
reddita
fit
Tradcbant eam
Dio(corides,Galenus,eius<j;
ïtatis Med.ci.veluti per manus
a maior'ibusacce»
peram
(crustis eoufq; nommibus.qua: magna
ex parte incorrupta ad illorum tempora
venerant
Nobis
ea falicitw<l«iegata,inultij modis
veris ac genuinis appellationibus
corruptis peruer-
,
irs.fereabohm.barbans >n earurn Iocum fuppofitls.muWlto t™empore
intcrmifTa pium
f ^ Stil nótitia ft»
aZZZ7 rT' S f" ibUS h*\ d & "1«ite„da & reftituenda efUd
quam d male ", 'l*
fit heet allo l, oco fenpfenmuf.tarnen K.c repetere vifum non
fuit alienum
Non
leuis autem.difficuitatis liuim
fcientis, aut vna aliqua caufa eft led maxima:
, ezq'ue
pu* prarci,
idua^nnumera mulmudo
videl.cet Stirpium.immenfaq; &
eorum
varietas: qui de narumhN
matena Media
lror,a,aut fcripta rehquerum, breuitas , incuria, negligentia fubindc LaZe
va
,
beamh^
Stirpium fiquidem herbarumque
infinita firnt genera.variè per orbem
terrarum immen*
fparfa
famu.tuudo.vtnonvnoloco
pauciscjucregionibusrequiiere fedTef
easliceat,mpoao„SnTSs"ÓSg
nolccnd^oonumfaeregnonnr
acprouinciarum
peragratione, longi
. ,
?»*"''J°«'™*mnequeunr,vel,ellurec^
toa, .Al,xplunbusqu,dem,err,s
t communes, non omnes
tarn„en™pafsim aaumte«rCcDtroö obuT
obuise.Ifeecdj
certistractubuspeculiares.ve montibus
nromnnt^rii,
fcilicet
uanbuslocis.co.LsAnfisfy.uis.vmbrofilSXr^XS
cis,la;to p.nguiq; lolo.macro & Can'P"tn°us *?r}'
humidis
fterili , , vliginoGs rieuis oalüdibm r. '
m"
udd a
Harum q ' " ^
auten, illa: eandem fere vbiqueVormam i'Zf^Z nm
retinen velëx .
var,a^W„VJl^
la;indiuerlisreg,onibusprocc T'°
£li[otó-
nucum!aliorumq^a%S"renS
fege.um/abarum
>
taiiai
Medicinae candidatos.
fefamummHiumqueexünte
miinfarharundinumcraffefcunt faba: triplo maiores AEgiptijs
: :
magnitudinismuccstantaïmolisvt rairaculilocoïn tempus ïufpendantur. Straboquoqucincx*
tremo Mauricanorumquodam tra&u, iuxtacreditum Nili exortum vitem tantaecraliirudmis
quam duo homines comple&i qucanc omnem herbam cubitalem; Staphylino*
nafci tradit vix :
,
rurr,H:ppojnarathri ScoIymi caules duodenum cubitorum crafsitudine quatuor palmorum re-
,
)
perin. Et tamus quidcm Stirpium numerus,immenfa latifsimè fparfa multitudo, varia ac multiplex
natura.
Audorumveröipforumquantafueritnegh'gentia, velincuria in multarum prxferrim vulgo
notarum,formis differentijsque deleribèndis cum multarum extent nomina, quarum forma? non
3
ncmo
funt expreiÏAymt kuiter tantum defcripca?, fereeftqui ignorct, Rucllioidipfum fcriptis
fuisteltante.
dum
Eofdem vero non femper conuenire,atq; interdum inter fefe difsidere , fub vno eodemq;
nommcahus aliam herbam vel fruttcem detignat vel eandem nomenclatura exprimit, DioU
, alia
&
coridis cum Theophrafti aüorumq,- fcriptis dtligcns collacio oftendir, fuppcditabit huius varie#
Hiftorij noftra non pauca exempla.
tatïs
Defcriptioncs vcrö quorundam erroribus effc confperfas, quod ad plinianas attinet manifeflifi
&
fimum e[r,Leontceni enim hbri de Plinij erratis pafsim proftanr, omncs fere noftrilecu!i,qui de
materia Medica aut Stirpibus fcripfere,in redarguendis ac notandis Plinij lapfubus plurimi funt.
VerumdeDiolcoiideidnemoforlitan expe&auerit Galenucfrimonio
autfufpicatus fucrit,
atq; fcriptis commendïto.K.eperiuntur tarnen in eiuscommentarijs non exigui errores. Alias enim
difsimilium-Surpium^eiufdemapuddiuerfosauctorcsnominis, vnam
delineationes in hiftoriam
contrahi eandem non ijfdem nominibus nuncupatam membratim diuuUam
t:a!ias , veluti diuerfis
locisdefcribit,vt ijs commentarijsquos in Stirpium hiftorias qua? apud Diofcoiidem extantme*
<Ütamur,oftenfuro.s(ü Deus vitani,vaIetudinem,ociumq; conccffcm)nos fpcramus.
Nee tarnen hi errores impediunt, quo minus Diofcoridcsalijs omnibus longe pra?ftet, cum
omnes vel imperfectiorem multó hiftoriam,vel plunbus , maioribus erroribus , ac fabulis, prarfti*
gijsque plcna fcripta rcIiquerint.Theophraitus reliquos omnes in fuo (cribendi genere (uperans,
formasexprofeflbnondercripritJedSurpiummuItipliccmdilferentiam aliaque philofopho hos
mme De
dïgna profequi ftuduit. Plinij fcriptis quidiudicandum; iam fcnpfimus.Nicandri,
Sfaftoocec *$a «Aï£icp«£ju(Otoc folum reperiuntur Apuleius de paucis tantummodo egit. Galenus,
.
&
Paulus,Aëcius,figurasaDiolcorideexpreffasomiferunt. Alij veteres Graeci Latini, Philofo-
phi,Mcdici,Poëtct,Hiltoriographi Architect Agricultura? icriptores Hippiatri (me Vererina-
, , ,
quorum lectione ad quarundam plantarum notitiam peruenimus non nih obircr quarur.dam
rij,
,
meminerunt.Bithyni Io!£,HeraclidisTarentini,Crateua;herbarij, Andrea? medici,
iulij Balst,
Nigri,Diodoti,Pamphyli,Mante(X,
Nicerati,Petronij Apollonij antcccilorum Diofcoridis&
Galeni fcripta,neque ad pofteruatem perueneruntmeque perfeöum aliquid tradiderunt. Pleriq;
horum
anilibus tabulis aut praeftigiaturis Aügyptijs.coniurationibüfue pleni funt: de vnaa!»
alrj
qua matcri.i,aut paucis tantum, vt Galenus kribit , egerunt vniuerfam veró materiam corrplcCti
:
non
(luducrunt.
Quibus de caufis iüorum omnium fcriptis pofthabitis,vni Diofcoridi fummam laudem 3uöo*
ritatemque Galenus tribuit quam illi quoquedeberï nemonegare poteft abfque eius llquidem
, ,
Medici
fcriptiSjStirpium materiaeq; cognitio reftitui nulla ratione poteft.
Non
enim idcirco veiuti parum vtiüs abdicandus aut reijciendus quod inplerifquelocisjap»
&
fusfit, cümnec Pliniummulto grauius puerilitcr fa?pc haHucinatum minimè negligi oporteat
id Stirpium notitiam plurimum conferentem Neque enim cam ob caufam de
erratis eius ccepi-
.
&
mus admonere,fed vt huius fcientix ftudij difficultas ab omnibus inteiligatur maiorique cum
attentione,inrtirpiumcognitionem ftudiofi incumbant: diligentius omnes notasexpendantrlc-
uibus coniectuns content! facile ïudicium non promant: minus admirentur fipoftcomplnresin
hoc ftudio verfatos,multa in notitiam nondum perduöa adhuc !ateai:plures quotidie exoriantur
in relhtuenda hac Medicina; partc laborantcs,aut quod hi qui inlucem fubtndenonnulla dedére
iêntentiam alicubi mutent.Nam hacc omnia,haud dubio,difficultati huius kicntix magis quam
:
,
negligenuc,incuriae,aut temeritati huius statis fcriptorum accepta referre aequum eft.
Si enim Djolcorides exercitatifsimus vir,qui ruulturo ftudij laborïs in Stirpium materixque
, ,
',
Medica? cognitionemimpendit,eofecuïo quo nomina magnaexparte incorrupta vulgo
retine»
bantur,ipfarünotitia^maioribus accepta veluti per manustradebatu^velimmenfo numero, mul*
tipliciquc carum varietate,vel auttorum imperfeéfciSjVarijs, fabulohs defcriptjonibus derentus^cr*
rorem vitare non potu»t:qua ratione nuncquifquam, antiquis nomenclaturis ac appellationibu»
vix rcceptis.aut plurimum depraua«s,Stirpium cogniticne longo tempore inrermifla atque con-
a tempta,
riij
ad
Prasfatio
tempta.in tanta veterum(vti diximus)negligcntia,incuria varietate atque erjpribus fubinde im«
, ,
plicaiaobfcuritate.vel facilc vel abfquc magno labore,diligentifsinia inquifitione earum noütiara
confcqui fe poffc fpcrabitr"
Quum
non
igitur tanta huius fcicntix vel magnitudo vel difïicultas fit , vt nifi diligcntifsimo
omnium fhrpium rmturoq; examine,plurimorum veteium auctorum ledionc exafiifsima,id
eir,
multo labore,diutinis peregrinationibus,coiitinuo fludio comprehendi qucat ac fiei vix pofsir,
: i
omnem
vt his omnibus,vnius hominis aut paucorum vita diligentiaq; par fit. Citra admirationera
eflc deber,po!t multos recenttcrum in hoc materia diligenter verlatos.alios indics exonri, qui hac
augerc ftudeant,& noftros quoque de Stirpium hiftoria libros prodire.
Nemine fiquidem hanc fcientiam ad perfectionem perducente, fed omnibus plurima prater*
mi[tentibus,occilio pofteris relinquitur, priorum inucntis ac obferuatis plurima adijciendi atque
ftirpium cognitionem locupletandi.Quod reeen tiorum non panels prxftantibus, priuato ftudio,
&
peregrinatione,aliave occafionc comperta in commune proferentibus, mei officij fore iudicaui,
eam quam
vt exiftimabamme huiefcientix pofle arcefsionem facere, aut emendationem adhibe-
re.in publicum mitterem,atque verse Medicinx Stirpiumq; fludiofis communicarem.
Nonfruflra autem hunclaborem
yelinutiliter vel recentiores vel nos (ufcepinrjs Pcrtinet
.
&
enim
hfc fcientia ad prxcipuas principes duas Medicine partes </li<tmmK»|j ncci cfafuauw*
riKHp.Illavi&usrationeihxcmedicamentis fanitati hominis confulit vtraque herbis.fiugibus,
:
ftirpibus,earumq;feminibus,fruöibus,racidibus,fuccis,velutineceffarijs& materia &in(trutnen«
tis vtitur.Hxc enim vt plurimum.ad artis opera Medici vel impermixta , vel alijs aut intei lë coro*
inixta admben t.Si enim ncmo illum bonum fabrum aut artificem dixerit, qui malleum incudem
,
aut terrum.aliave artis fux inftrumenta vel materiam nó nouerit: Medicum quis habebit doflum,
qui Betam & Blito dillinguere nefciat.in craffa fupinaque omnium Stirpium Medicxque materias
jgnorantia verfetur.
At &
multum.fortaflï dieet aliquis, inter medicum reliquos artifices intereft neque enim ma*
,
nam
medici operibus apponunt/ed vcluti architecti tantum prxcipiunr, omnem Stirpium Me-
te
dicx
materia: notitiam,praparationem,variam miftioncm pharmacopceis relinquunt.
Fatemur a multis annis medicos prxparandorum mifcendorumque pharmacorum morem
omififlê, acaveterum confuetudine quos abunde
recefsiflé, conftat nulla pharmacopceorum
opera vfos, medicamentaetiamproprijs&difcipulorum
manibus mifcuifle neque vtpharma*
,
&
copcei rurfus riant requiriir.us , quxrendis.tercndis, tundendis, pi xparandis mifcendis medi-
,
&
camentis occupentur/ed Stirpium materia: Medicx quarum potilsimum frequentior ac quev
,
tidianusvfus.notitiamexigimus: nonfecusacin
ArchiteCto omnis materix xdificiorum cogni*
tio requiritur. Qui enim eam ignorauerit bonus
, Architecrus effenonpoteft. Sicetiam neque
doótus aut perfeflus medicm.qui artis fux materiatrrnon cognorit Quod fabri ex non conue*
. fi
menu bgno xdium
vel trabcs vel contignationes ftruant, Latomiluto pro exmento com*
parietes
pingantautreliqui
artifices alijs raodis impoflurasmoliantur.admittet aut difsimulabit hxcbo<
nus Architeöus.'Non exiftimo quenquam fore, qui non putct harum rerum curam ad eum
pertii
nere.CurigiturconniuebitMedtcus.fipharmacopceusfpurialegittimis
genuinis
adultcrata re-
centtbusexoleta.calidafrigidis.frigidacalidis.alexipharmacis
deleteria lubflituat ac deficiënte
hoc.modo
wo.alias illud.abfque
vllo iudicio aut deleftu fupponat? Conniucrc autem cum
huiuf-
modiimpoltunsautgrauiir.miserratisoportebit
.fihuius
fcientixrudisacimperitusfuerit cum
nulla ratione dolum deprehendcre potent. '
Omnes
Medicina
igitur fludiofos in hac Stirpium materixq'ue Medicx
notitiafefe exerce*
&
re conuen.t, atque operam diligentiam lummam
adhibere harum
, vt cognitionem reliquis
Med^cxartispartiibusadiungantcveterum
antiquilsimorum
probatifsimorumque Mediconim
,
huiusfc.ent.xftudiofiG.morum,
vefiighs liacinparteinfillant, ac Galeni clarn\i m i& maxima;
auttontatis medic.,pracepus& &
confilio obfcquundent.qui omnes Medicos
iuucnes
artis can*
&
d.aatos ad Stirp.um Med.camentorum
materixexaaam
notitiam admoner,
atque incitat.Me»
d.cus(mqu.t hb.de ant.dot,spnmo)omnium
Stirpium.
fifieripoteft.peririamhabeat
conCulo:
Immmus,
plunum
faltem quibus
frequenter vtimur. Item tertio de Medicamentis lecundum
Hmcputobonxindohs
genera muenes
incitatum iri, vt medtcamentorum
materiam cognof-
* «".'P'™« nlptcentes.non lemelautb»
rL
fed frequenter quoniam
, : fenfibilium re cogni-
- t,o fedula .nlpeö.one perfiatur.E. ,b,dem paulo infra Vos ergo admoneo Lo
: amici in"o
vt
t
quemefequammtfiarmoperapulchrëobiriveliti». naX
NouiOts enimquomodo
ex omni
prxftant.fs.maquotann.smed.camenta
o^Z"
m.hiadferantur, eó quód
perd.ti a,um
.11. re
rumcoemptores(Grxc,^ r.^A« Pr«KTrS
7 f vocant) vanj, modisea conLmant.
fisnonhosfolum,
fed multo mag,,
etiam .nercawre.,
qui tllaaduehunt, incufarê7"tq !h2
Je
muite