Table Of Content

Crisis Communication Planning and Strategies for Nonprofit Leaders Crisis Communication Planning and Strategies for Nonprofit Leaders examines the unique position of nonprofit organizations in an intersection of providing public services and also being a part of Emergency and crisis management practices. This text discusses the evolution of crisis communication planning, the unique position of nonprofit organizations and the crises they face, along with provision of conceptual and theoretical frameworks to generate effective crisis communication plans for nonprofit organizations to utilize within diverse crises. Through the use of innovative real-life case studies investigating the impact of crisis communication plans, this book provides the foundational knowledge of crisis communication planning, theoretically supported strategies, crisis typology and planning resources. Each chapter focuses on critical strategic planning concepts and includes a summary of key points, discussion questions and additional resources for each concept. With this text, nonprofit organizations will be able to strategically plan for organization-specific and emergency management related crises, develop effective crisis communication plans, garner internal and external support and generate assessment strategies to maintain the relevancy of these plans within their future endeavors. Crisis Communication Planning and Strategies for Nonprofit Leaders offers a new and insightful approach to crisis communication planning to assist nonprofit organizations that are called upon to fulfill a variety of community needs, such as sheltering, food distribution, relief funding, family reunification services, volunteer mobilization and much more. It is an essential resource for nonprofit organizations. Brittany “Brie” Haupt, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor at Virginia Commonwealth University in the Homeland Security & Emergency Preparedness Department, in Virginia, United States. Her research interests lie in cultural competency, emergency and crisis management, crisis communication and community resilience. She has published in Public Administration Review, Journal of Public Affairs Education, Journal Nonprofit Management and Leadership, Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management, Disaster Prevention and Management, Risk, Hazards, and Crisis in Public Policy, Journal of Emergency Management and Frontiers in Communication section “Disaster Communications”. Dr. Haupt’s award-winning book with Dr. Claire Connolly Knox, titled Cultural Competence for Emergency and Crisis Management: Concepts, Theories, and Case Studies, offers educators a roadmap for successfully engaging participants in various aspects of cultural competency knowledge, skills and abilities. This text received the American Society of Public Administration’s Section on Democracy and Social Justice’s 2021 Book of the Year Award. Lauren Azevedo, Ph.D., is Assistant Professor at Penn State Harrisburg in the School of Public Affairs, in Pennsylvania, United States. Her experience as a grant writer with public and nonprofit organizations on program evaluation and capacity building and consulting with several of these agencies has helped shape her research agenda on nonprofit leadership. Her research focuses on nonprofit capacity building, nonprofit leadership and governance, and social equity. She has published in Nonprofit Management and Leadership, Public Administration Review, Public Integrity and the Journal of Public Affairs Education, among others. She has also presented her research at several national conferences including the American Evaluation Association (AEA), American Society for Public Administration (ASPA), the Network of Schools of Public Policy, Affairs, and Administration (NASPAA) and the Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action (ARNOVA). Crisis Communication Planning and Strategies for Nonprofit Leaders Brittany “Brie” Haupt and Lauren Azevedo First published 2023 by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 and by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2023 Brittany “Brie” Haupt and Lauren Azevedo The right of Brittany “Brie” Haupt and Lauren Azevedo to be identified as authors of this work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. ISBN: 978-0-367-70674-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-43539-8 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-14748-0 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003147480 Typeset in Times New Roman by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India This book is dedicated to my family and friends who supported me through this process. I also dedicate this book to nonprofit practitioners and academics who have faced difficult crises and persevered. Lastly, I give a special note to Dr. Lauren Azevedo, my friend and research colleague, who has supported me since my doctoral program and continues to have my back no matter what. – Brittany “Brie” Haupt To my family, for your endless support and patience, to my academic colleagues and friends, for your advice, wisdom and accountability, and to the nonprofits in our communities, whose work for the most vulnerable inspires me endlessly – this book is dedicated to you. – Lauren Azevedo Contents List of tables ix List of figures x Preface xi 1 Nonprofit Organizations and Crises 1 2 Crisis Communication and Management 13 3 Crisis Communication Theories and Strategies 24 4 Governance Strategies and Leadership during Crises 40 5 Preparing for Crisis Communication Planning 54 6 The Crisis Communication Plan and Strategy Development 64 7 Communication with Internal and External Stakeholders 81 8 Implementing the Crisis Communication Plan 92 9 Evaluation and Assessment Strategies 100 10 Looking Back and Moving Forward: Adapting the Crisis Communication Plan 110 viii Contents 11 Case Studies 114 Appendix: Crisis Communication Planning Worksheet 127 Glossary 133 Index 141 Tables 3.1 Definitions of Crisis Typologies 29 3.2 Crisis Response Strategies 30 3.3 Crisis Type and Strategy Matching 31 3.4 Crisis Communication Resources for Nonprofit Organizations 33 6.1 Example of Revision Table 65 6.2 Stakeholder Notification Process 67 6.3 Communications Checklist 73 6.4 Strategic Issue Identification for Crisis Communication Planning 77