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#Crime: Social Media, Crime, and the Criminal Legal System PDF

210 Pages·2018·2.092 MB·English
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#Social Media #Crime #Criminal Legal System • Rebecca M. Hayes • Kate Luther Palgrave Studies in Crime, Media and Culture Series Editors Michelle Brown Department of Sociology University of Tennessee Knoxville, TN, USA Eamonn Carrabine Department of Sociology University of Essex Colchester, UK This series aims to publish high quality interdisciplinary scholarship for research into crime, media and culture. As images of crime, harm and punishment proliferate across new and old media there is a growing rec- ognition that criminology needs to rethink its relations with the ascen- dant power of spectacle. This international book series aims to break down the often rigid and increasingly hardened boundaries of main- stream criminology, media and communication studies, and cultural studies. In a late modern world where reality TV takes viewers into cop cars and carceral spaces, game shows routinely feature shame and suffer- ing, teenagers post ‘happy slapping’ videos on YouTube, both cyber bul- lying and ‘justice for’ campaigns are mainstays of social media, and insurrectionist groups compile footage of suicide bomb attacks for circu- lation on the Internet, it is clear that images of crime and control play a powerful role in shaping social practices. It is vital then that we become versed in the diverse ways that crime and punishment are represented in an era of global interconnectedness, not least since the very reach of global media networks is now unparalleled. Palgrave Studies in Crime, Media and Culture emerges from a call to rethink the manner in which images are reshaping the world and crimi- nology as a project. The mobility, malleability, banality, speed, and scale of images and their distribution demand that we engage both old and new theories and methods and pursue a refinement of concepts and tools, as well as innovative new ones, to tackle questions of crime, harm, cul- ture, and control. Keywords like image, iconography, information flows, the counter-visual, and ‘social’ media, as well as the continuing relevance of the markers, signs, and inscriptions of gender, race, sexuality, and class in cultural contests mark the contours of the crime, media and culture nexus. More information about this series at http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/15057 Rebecca M. Hayes • Kate Luther #Crime Social Media, Crime, and the Criminal Legal System Rebecca M. Hayes Kate Luther Central Michigan University Pacific Lutheran University Mount Pleasant, MI, USA Tacoma, WA, USA Palgrave Studies in Crime, Media and Culture ISBN 978-3-319-89443-0 ISBN 978-3-319-89444-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89444-7 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018941099 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover image © myella/Getty Images Cover design by Tjaša Krivec Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Acknowledgments We both would like to thank some amazing colleagues for their time and care that they took in reviewing drafts of the chapters. Thank you to Dr. Gregg Barak, Dr. Raymond Surette, Dr. Emily Lenning, and Dr. Walter DeKeseredy. Thank you also to contributors Inspector Sylva Polfliet, Dr. Raymond Surette, Dr. Nicola Henry and Dr. Anastasia Powell. It is always helpful to have experts on the matter contribute their own words. Also, thank you to Chrissy Cook who went above and beyond to provide additional information on trolling. It is colleagues such as these that make this job worth doing. Rebecca M. Hayes Writing a book was on my bucket list and was a very difficult, frustrating, and yet rewarding experience. I would like to give a special thanks to my patient coauthor, Dr. Kate Luther, who’s more than a colleague, but also a wonderful friend. I would also like to thank my two favorite coffee shop owners: Thomas Vreriks (Mr. Bean in Leuven, Belgium) and Cara Nader (Strange Matter Coffee in Lansing, Michigan); if your businesses did not exist, my business would never get done. Finally, I thank my partner, Nick Garlinghouse as you had to provide all the stress reduction at the end of this project. Thank you for your patience as well. v vi Acknowledgments Kate Luther Writing this book with Dr. Rebecca M. Hayes has yet again proven that she is an amazing coauthor and friend. I would like to thank my students at Pacific Lutheran University, who I kept in mind through- out the writing process as I framed arguments and wrote discussion ques- tions. I would also like to thank my family for putting up with this project that took over our dining room table during my sabbatical. Contents 1 # Crime: The Theoretical Underpinnings 1 2 #CSI Effect: How Media Impacts the Criminal Legal System 43 3 # CrimingWhileWhite: Media’s Construction of the Criminal 79 4 # Notallmen: Media and Crime Victimization 123 5 # FutureCrime: What Is Crime in the Age of New Media? 153 6 Conclusion 193 Index 199 vii List of Boxes Chapter 1 O. J. Simpson 3 War on Drugs 16 Cologne 24 Areas of Research 27 Chapter 2 Making a Murderer 45 Experiential and Symbolic Reality 46 Stokes Croft Riot 50 Adversarial System 56 Pretrial Publicity 56 Information on Use of Forensic DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) 57 Chapter 3 Newsworthiness 81 Crime Myth 86 Crime Statistics Across Countries 88 A Brief Overview of Arrests in the United States 98 Amanda Knox 103 House Bill 2 105 Monica Jones 108 ix x List of Boxes Chapter 4 JonBenet Ramsey 126 Rape Culture 128 Delhi Gang Rape 134 People v. Turner (2015) or The Brock Turner Case 135 Title IX 136 Chapter 5 Boston Bombing 154 Chibok Girls of Nigeria 155 Anonymous 156 RIP Trolling 160 Flash Rob 179

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