Table Of Content

Routledge Revivals Crime, Criminal Justice and the Probation Service First published in 1992, Crime, Criminal Justice and the Probation Service is a thought-provoking analysis of the role of the probation service in developing an integrated system of criminal justice. Robert Harris provides readable information about our knowledge of such areas as criminal statistics, victims, fear of crime and crime prevention. He also explores the treatment of women and ethnic minorities by the criminal justice system, the question of a sen tencing council and the future of community corrections. A central theme is that all the professionals involved in the criminal justice system must work more closely together so that the mistakes of the past can be avoided in the future. The book therefore has a wide appeal not only to probation ofﬁcers and social workers, but also to criminal justice professionals and adminis trators, including the police and the legal profession. Crime, Criminal Justice and the Probation Service Robert Harris First published in 1992 by Routledge This edition ﬁrst published in 2022 by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN and by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 1992 Robert Harris All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Publisher’s Note The publisher has gone to great lengths to ensure the quality of this reprint but points out that some imperfections in the original copies may be apparent. Disclaimer The publisher has made every effort to trace copyright holders and welcomes correspondence from those they have been unable to contact. A Library of Congress record exists under ISBN: 0415050340 ISBN: 978-1-032-31608-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-31055-6 (ebk) ISBN: 978-1-032-31614-7 (pbk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003310556 Crime, criminal justice and the probation service Robert Harris I~ Tavistock/Roudedge London and New York First published in 1992 by Roudedge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Roudedge a division ofRoudedge, Chapman and Hall, Inc. 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 e> 1992 Robert Harris LaseIprinted from Author's disks by Gilcom Ltd., Mitcham, Surrey. Printed and bound in Great Britain by Mackays ofChatham PLC, Chatham, Kent All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Harris, Robert 1947 Crime, criminal justice and the probation service. 1. Great Britain. Crime I. Tide 364.941 Library ofCongress Cataloguing in Publication Data Harris, Robert, 1947 Crime, criminal justice, and the probation service/Robert Harris. p.cm. Includes bibliographical references. 1. Probation-Great Britain. I. Tide. HV9345.A5H361991 365.6'3'0941--Gc20 ISBN 0-415-05034-0 91-3192 0-415-05035-9 (Pbk) CIP Contents Acknowledgements V1l Prologue ix 1 Criminal statistics - some themes and issues 1 2 Counting crime - beyond the official statistics 23 3 Fear, victims and community 46 .. The probation service and situational crime prevention 66 S Women and girls, criminal justice and the probation service 86 6 Race, criminaljwtice and the probation service 107 7 Sentencing practice and the social enquiry report 129 8 Supervision in the community - towards delinquency management 153 Notes 176 Bibliography 178 Name index 200 Subject index 205 Acknowledgements The feminine view appears to be that grumbling only makes things worse, whereas I have always held that a fine grumble makes things better. If I have not had a good breakfast, I argue, at least I have had a good grumble. a.B. Priesdey: Delight) Academics, though no slower than others to complain about their lot, spend their working lives in the company of scholars whose ideas provide almost constant stimulation. Of the many colleagues at Hull University who have influenced this book, chief among them are Clive Coleman and Adrian James, both ofwhom have stimulated and helped me, as have Keith Bottomley, Martin Copsey and Larry Harrison. Several former students, some of them excellent criminologists in their own right, have done so too: not only Keith McInniss and Robert Waters, whose influence on Chapter 6 is acknowledged there, but others too, including Mary Candlin, Jan Hardcasde and Ian Warner. At the Home Office I have received sound advice from Philippa Drew, George Mair, Satish Malik and Colin Thomas; Brian Fellowes made valuable comments on my schema; David Webb has enabled me to reduce the number of people whom I shall inadvertendy offend; and Mick Ryan has been characteristically helpful in relation to the politics of probation. All of them are innocent of complicity in any errors and probably tried vainly to persuade me to avoid them. Families are usually thanked with varying degrees of effusiveness on these occasions. Though I cannot match the memorable lyricism of Flowers in Minorities and Criminality (or in its companion volume on women, which just missed a citation), my own family know well how they have helped me. In fact, in a slighdy unseemly breakfast time