Crime and Power

263 Pages·2021·3.329 MB·English

by  Pamela Davies, Tanya Wyatt

CRIME AND
POWER
Pamela Davies
Tanya Wyatt
Crime and Power
Pamela Davies • Tanya Wyatt
Crime and Power
Pamela Davies Tanya Wyatt
Department of Social Sciences Department of Social Sciences
Northumbria University Northumbria University
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
ISBN 978-3-030-57313-3 ISBN 978-3-030-57314-0 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57314-0
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Frank Pearce for his inspirational text Crimes of the Pow-
erful. It has been the foundation of our undergraduate module of the same name
and greatly influenced our research. Thanks as well to Steve Tombs for his inspira-
tional work in this area and to Peter Francis for his collaboration on Invisible Cri-
mes and Social Harms, another influential text.
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Contents
1 Crime and Power: Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 What Is Power and Who Are the Powerful? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
3 The Invisibility of Crimes of the Powerful . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Part I Individuals and Power Dynamics
4 Class, Status and Elites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
5 Race and Ethnicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
6 Religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
7 Gender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
8 Age . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
Part II Groups, Power and Criminality
9 Corporations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
10 Organised Crime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
11 The State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
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viii Contents
12 Militias and Insurgents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
13 Crime and Power: Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
About the Authors
Pamela Davies is a Professor of Criminology at Northumbria University, Ne-
wcastle, UK. She is a criminologist whose research focuses on gender, harm, crime
and victimisation. Pam has published widely on the subject of victimisation and
social harm and on how gender connects to matters of community safety. Pam is
the series editor of the Palgrave Macmillan ‘Victims and Victimology’ book series
(with Professor Matthew Hall). She is vice president of the British Society of Cri-
minology (BSC) and the chair and founder of the BSC Victims Network.
Tanya Wyatt is a Professor of Criminology at Northumbria University, Ne-
wcastle, UK. She is a green criminologist specialising in wildlife crime, wildlife
trafficking and non-human animal abuse and the intersections of organised crime,
corporate crime and corruption. Her publications include Wildlife Criminology
with Dr. Angus Nurse and numerous journal articles, book chapters and commissi-
oned reports on wildlife and green crimes.
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List of Figures
Fig. 5.1 Taken from The Washington Post 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Fig. 5.2 Taken from The Washington Post 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Fig. 8.1 Age-crime curve for all convicted offences in the Scottish
Offenders Index 1989–2011. (Matthews and Minton 2018: 298) . . . . 151
Fig. 9.1 Ayers and Braithwaite’s (1992) enforcement pyramid . . . . . . . . . . 185
xi
List of Tables
Table 3.1 The seven spatial typologies of invisible crimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Table 4.1 Crimes recorded by police constabularies in England
and Wales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Table 5.1 Percentage of police fatal shootings of men in the
United States by race 2015 to mid-2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Table 8.1 Age of criminal responsibility around the world . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Table 12.1 The relationship between terrorists and insurgents . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Table 13.1 Principles of Earth Jurisprudence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
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