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Volume III, Issue 4 ISSN : 2454-3322 February, 2017 SHI JAN Multi-Disciplinary, Bi-Annual, Multi-Lingual and Peer-Reviewed Journal N S A HIN J COUNCIL OF SHINJAN NH-12, Sindri, Dhanbad, Jharkhand (828122), India Multi-Disciplinary, Bi-Annual, Multi-Lingual and Peer-Reviewed Journal Volume-III, Issue-4, February-2017 COUNCIL OF SHINJAN NH-12, Sindri, Dhanbad, Jharkhand (828122), India Multi-Disciplinary, Bi-Annual, Multi-Lingual and Peer-Reviewed Journal Volume-III, Issue-4, February-2017 © Editor-in-Chief E-mail : [email protected] Contact No.: 9674835393/9432125963 Website: www.shinjan.in Editor-in-Chief Smt. Sarmistha Acharyya HOD, Dept. of Bengali, Sindri College, Sindri, Jharkhand Executive Editors Dr. Bibek Sinha, Ex-Associate Professor Dept. of Bengali, Kanchrapara College, West Bengal Mr. Afaz Uddin Mandal, Assistant Teacher Kantapukur A.M. Institution, Howrah, West Bengal BBBBBOOOOOAAAAARRRRRDDDDD OOOOOFFFFF EEEEEDDDDDIIIIITTTTTOOOOORRRRRSSSSS • Dr. Sanjay De, Associate Professor, Dept. of Bengali, Nowgong College, Nowgong, Assam • Dr. Mohan Lal Mahto, Assistant Professor Dept. of English, Sindri College, Sindri, Jharkhand • Dr. Kausik Chattapadhyay, Assistant Professor Dept. of Sociology, S.N.H. College, Farakka, West Bengal • Dr. M.S Wankhede, Associate Professor, Dept. of English, Dhawante National College, Nagpur, Maharashtra • Dr. T. Chandrasekharan, Associate Professor and HOD Dept. of English, Zunhebeto Govt. College (Affiliated to Nagaland University), Kohima • Dr. Ajit Kumar Barnwal, Assistant Professor Dept. of Philosophy, Sindri College, Sindri, Jharkhand • Dr. Dhrubajyoti Pal, Assistant Professor Dept. of Bengali, Sidho-Kanho-Birsha University, West Bengal • Dr. Joygopal Mondal, Assistant Professor Dept. of Bengali, R. S. P. College, Jharia, Jharkhand • Dr. Mizanur Rahaman, Assistant Professor Dept. of Bengali, Khidirpur College, Kolkata, West Bengal • Dr. Abul Foyes Md. Malik, Assistant Professor HOD, Dept. of Bengali, Digboi Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Digboi, Assam • Dr. Hareram Pathak, Associate Professor & HOD Dept. of Hindi, Digboi Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Digboi, Assam • Dr. Surendra Kumar, Assistant Professor, Dept. of History, Sindri College, Sindri, Jharkhand • Dr. Dharmendra Kumar Singh, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Political Science, Sindri College, Sindri, Jharkhand • Dr. Amit Kumar Sarkar, Assistant Professor Dept. of Physical Education, Tarakeswar Degree College, West Bengal • Mr. Mukund Ravidas, Assitant Professor, Dept. of Hindi, P.K.Roy Memorial College, Dhanbad, Jharkhand • Mr. Manmohan Singh, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Economics, Sindri College, Sindri, Jharkhand • Dr. Santanu Sen, Full Time Contractual Teacher, Simurali Sachinandan College of Education, Nadia, West Bengal BBBBBOOOOOAAAAARRRRRDDDDD OOOOOFFFFF AAAAADDDDDVVVVVIIIIISSSSSOOOOORRRRRSSSSS • Dr. Mohammad Arif, Joint Secretary UGC, North-Eastern Regional office (NERO), Guwahati, Assam. • Mr. Kamalesh Dasgupta, Director, Chattagram Little Magazine Library, Bangladesh (Life Member, Paschimbanga Itihas Samsad) Member Bangla Academy, Dhaka, Bangladesh. • Dr. Rafique Ullah Khan, Professor Dept. of Bengali, Dhaka University, Dhaka, Bangladesh • Dr. Md. Manzur Rahman, Associate Professor Dept. of Bengali, Islamia University, Kustia, Bangladesh • Dr. Dipanjan Bhattacharyya, Research Scientist MIT Alliance of Engineering Science and Technology and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Singapore • Dr. Krishna Basu, Eminent Poet and Writer and Ex- Associate Prof.of Kanchrapara College, Dept. of Bengali, West Bengal • Dr. Sudip Basu, Professor Dept. of Bengali, Visva-Bharati University, Birbhum, West Bengal • Dr. Kamta Singh, Professor & Principal-in-Charge Sindri College, Sindri, Jharkhand • Dr. Subrata Pal, Professor Dept. of Bengali, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand • Dr. Ketaki Rani Sarbadhikary, Professor Dept. of Bengali, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand • Dr. Aloka Chatterjee, Professor Dept. of Bengali, Banaras Hindu University, Uttar Pradesh • Dr. Satyendra Kumar Sharma, Principal B. S. City College, Bokaro, Jharkhand • Dr. Dhruba Chandra Das, Professor (in extention) Dept. of Drama, Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata, West Bengal • Dr. Santanu Das, Assistant Professor Dept. of Drama, Rabindra Bharati University, Kolkata, West Bengal • Dr. Jayanta Mete, Professor Dept. of Education, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal • Dr. Sujay Kumar Mandal, Associate Professor Dept. of Folklore, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal • Dr. Zia-ul Alam, Faculty Dept. of Human Resource Management, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal • Dr. Apurba Kumar Dey, Associate Professor Dept. of Bengali, Peary Mohan College, Uttarpara, West Bengal • Dr. Rasbehari Banerjee, Assistant Professor Dept. of Bengali, Jawaharlal Nehru Rajakiya Mahavidyalaya, Andaman • Mr. Sagar Bhattacharyya, Assistant Professor Emprial College, Dhaka, Bangladesh .......From the Desk This volume presents a collection of research paper by uniquely important thinkers. The essays included in this volume emphasized ideas and issues relevant from different field of studies. First of all we are thankful to all the contributors whose research papers have been included in the present issue. We are deeply thankful to Board of Advisors, Board of Editors and peer-reviewers who have been accompanied with ‘Shinjan’ and unexpected Co-operation. We are grateful to the publisher, without his Co-operation this publication would not have been taken shape in due time. The important and valuable suggestion for further renovate or improvement of this Journal will be always accepted thankfully. The view and thought expressed in the present papers are those of the authors. Council of ‘Shinjan’ are not responsible for any kind of personal view of contributors. With thanks, Sindri, Dhanbad, Jharkhand. Sarmistha Acharyya February, 2016. EDITOR IN-CHIEF, SHINJAN GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS SHINJAN, a bi-annual, bi-lingual, multi-disciplinary, peer-reviewed, International journal, invited articles from Educationist, Academicians, Research Scholar, Student, Social Worker and Journalist. The Article should have author’s name, designation and affiliation. Maximum length of the full paper should be of 3000 to 4000 words in A4 size Paper. Article can be sent through CD/e-mail (for English articles use MS-Word, Font - Times New Roman, Size-12pts., Line Spacing - 1.5, Margin - 1inch all sides and for Bengali articles use only Pagemaker, Font - Samit-001 and for Hindi Articles use only Yougesh/Kruti Dev0010 or KrutiDev0020 font) and a hard copy to the Editor-in-Charge. Each article should contain the following essential elements - Introduction, Related Study, Research Questions/Hypothesis, Data Analysis, Tools Used, Methodology, Findings, Discussions and References alphabetically arranged in APA format (6th Edition). Graphs, if any, should be sent in editable format (non PDF). The article must accompany declaration signed by authors that the article has not been published else where. Any Legal Dispute pertaining to the publication in SHINJAN Journal shall be within the jurisdiction of Hogh Court at Ranchi, Jharkhand only. Opinions expressed in the articles extremely subject to the contributors. Council of Shinjan do not responsible for any kind of personal opinion of contributors. Editorial Board and Subject Experts of the SHINJAN Journal may edit the paper if necessary. Published by Smt. Sarmistha Acharyya NH-12, Post - Sindri, Dist - Dhanbad, State - Jharkhand, Pin-828122, India Printed by Desktop Computer Zone, B-4/466, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal-741235 CONTENT Page No. ŸŸŸŸŸ Humanitarian Intervention 1 - 6 in the Present World Chandrabali Das ŸŸŸŸŸ Ambedkar And Constitutional 7 - 12 Democracy D.K. Singh ŸŸŸŸŸ The Assamese Textiles: 13 - 25 Ethnic-Cultural Profile Sanjita Chetia ŸŸŸŸŸ Impact of open cast coal mining on 26 - 34 physico-chemical characteristics of soil in Jharia coalfield, Dhanbad Jharkhand. Nilesh Kumar Singh & L.B. Singh ŸŸŸŸŸ Progress of Pre-Primary Education in India 35 - 42 Prodip Das ŸŸŸŸŸ Swami Vivekananda and Yoga 43 - 57 Swatikana Mandal ŸŸŸŸŸ The Prowess of Performance 58 - 69 Bedotroyee Bhattacharjee ŸŸŸŸŸ Women Indivisualism : Rabindrananath’s 70 - 77 Chaturanga Upanyas Urmila Poddar Ÿ ’’’’’±±±±±ÔÔÔÔÔ««--«-««--¸¸¸¸¸±±±±±˜˜˜˜˜±±±±±øøøøøÊÊÊÊÊflflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ ‘‘øø‘ø‘‘øø©©©©©ÜÜÜÜÜÀÀÀÀÀÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬ ÁÁÁÁÁ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±hhhhh¬¬¬¬¬‡‡‡‡‡GGGGGœœœœœ ııııı±±±±±—————˘˘˘˘˘±±±±± ˆˆˆˆˆ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±¯¯¯¯¯±±±±±ııııı˛˛ ˛ ˛˛ ŒŒŒŒŒ˘˘˘˘˘±±±±±flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬·····±±±±±ÚÚÚÚÚ 78 - 83 ı˛P± ı˛±˚˛ Ÿ ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ıııııœœœœœfffffÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀÔÔÔÔÔııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ŒŒŒŒŒÂ±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀÈÈÈÈȬ¬¬¬¬±±±±±·····ÀÀÀÀÀäääää ŒŒŒŒŒ˙˙˙˙˙ˆˆˆˆˆ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±ıııııÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±± ››››› 84 - 90 ııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±ÊÊÊÊÊÕÕÕÕÕÚÚÚÚÚøøøøøÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ õõõõõ∂∂∂∂∂¸¸¸¸¸///// ÒËn∏ıÀÊ…±øÓ¬ ¬Û±˘ Ÿ ¸¸¸¸¸≈≈≈≈≈flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±ôôôôôLLLLL ˜˜˜˜˜±±±±±ÚÚÚÚÚ¸¸¸¸¸ ·····ÍÍÍÍͬ¬¬¬¬ÀÀÀÀÀÚÚÚÚÚ ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ıııııœœœœœfffffÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀÔÔÔÔÔııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ±±±±±ÚÚÚÚÚ 91 - 107 ¸jœ¬Û ‰¬f Ÿ ŒŒŒŒŒ¸¸¸¸¸øøøøø˘˘˘˘˘ÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±± ŒŒŒŒŒ˝˝˝˝˝±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ¸¸¸¸¸ÀÀÀÀÀÚÚÚÚÚııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ëëëëëflflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±˘˘˘˘˘ÀÀÀÀÀflflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ÓÓÓÓÓ≈≈≈≈≈¬¬¬¬¬ ››››› ÙÙÙÙÙ≈≈≈≈≈¬¬¬¬¬{{{{{°°°°°ııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±ííííí––––– 108 - 123 ‰‰‰‰‰¬¬¬¬¬`````¬¬¬¬¬œœœœœ˜˜˜˜˜/////˘˘˘˘˘ flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀııııı……………ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛ≈≈≈≈≈ÚÚÚÚÚøøøøøÚÚÚÚÚ˜˜˜˜˜«««««±±±±±ÌÌÌÌÌ ¸≈ø¶úÓ¬± Œ¸Ú ï±¸ó Ÿ ˜˜˜˜˜øøøøø{{{{{°°°°°flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±± ŒŒŒŒŒ¸¸¸¸¸ÚÚÚÚÚ&&&&&ÀÀÀÀÀlllllııııı˛˛˛˛˛ flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬øøøøøıııııÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±˚˚˚˚˚˛˛˛˛˛ ÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±±ııııı˛˛˛˛˛œœœœœ-----‚‚‚‚‚≈≈≈≈≈˜˜˜˜˜ ˆˆˆˆˆ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±/////±±±±± ¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛ±±±±±‡‡‡‡‡œœœœœ 124 - 134 ’±ø˜Ú± ‡±Ó≈¬Ú Ÿ ëëëë댌ŒŒŒ˜˜˜˜˜‚‚‚‚‚”””””ÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬ííííí flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±øøøøø˘˘˘˘˘±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ¸¸¸¸¸ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ˜˜˜˜˜ÀÀÀÀÀÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±±ÊÊÊÊÊ·····»»»»» ››››› ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ıııııœœœœœfffff 135 - 139 ˆˆˆˆˆ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±ıııııÊÊÊÊÊ·····ÀÀÀÀÀÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ¸¸¸¸¸˜˜˜˜˜iiiii§§§§§˚˚˚˚˚˛˛˛˛˛ ¸ø=Ó¬± ˝±Êı˛± Ÿ ’’’’’øøøøø˜˜˜˜˜˚˚˚˚˚˛˛˛˛˛ˆˆˆˆˆ”””””¬¬¬¬¬¯¯¯¯¯ÌÌÌÌÌ ˜˜˜˜˜ÊÊÊÊÊ≈≈≈≈≈˜˜˜˜˜±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀııııı˛˛˛˛˛ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ëëëë똘˜˜˜ÒÒÒÒÒ≈≈≈≈≈ ¸¸¸¸¸±±±±±ÒÒÒÒÒ≈≈≈≈≈ ‡‡‡‡‡“““““±±±±±ííííí––––– 140 - 144 ŒŒŒŒŒ˙˙˙˙˙-----flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±˘˘˘˘˘-----¸¸¸¸¸˜˜˜˜˜±±±±±ÊÊÊÊÊ ››››› ÊÊÊÊÊœœœœœıııııÀÀÀÀÀÚÚÚÚÚııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ‰‰‰‰‰¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±˘˘˘˘˘øøøøø‰‰‰‰‰¬¬¬¬¬SSSSS ’Ú≈¬Û fl≈¬G≈¬ Ÿ ŒŒŒŒŒ˘˘˘˘˘±±±±±flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬øøøøø‰‰‰‰‰¬¬¬¬¬øøøøøflflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬»»»»»¸¸¸¸¸±±±±±ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛııııı˛˛˛˛˛•••••ÛÛÛÛÛııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±± ››››› õõõõõ∂∂∂∂∂·····øøøøøÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬ 145 - 151 ∆¸˚˛ Ú≈ı˛Úıœ Ÿ ˜˜˜˜˜˝˝˝˝˝±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀùùùùù´´´´´ÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±± ŒŒŒŒŒıııııœœœœœ––––– ¤¤¤¤¤flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ ııııı……………øøøøøÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬SSSSSêêêêꘘ˜˜˜œœœœœ ˜˜˜˜˜øøøøø˝˝˝˝˝˘˘˘˘˘±±±±± 152 - 158 flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ÔÔÔÔÔ±±±±± ¸¸¸¸¸±±±±±øøøøø˝˝˝˝˝øøøøøÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬……………flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ ÿ¯± ı±qı˛œ Ÿ ııııı±±±±±—————˘˘˘˘˘±±±±± flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ÔÔÔÔÔ±±±±±¸¸¸¸¸±±±±±øøøøø˝˝˝˝˝ÀÀÀÀÀÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬…………… õõõõõ∂∂∂∂∂øøøøøÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬ııııı±±±±±-----ŒŒŒŒŒ¸¸¸¸¸øøøøø˘˘˘˘˘ÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±± ŒŒŒŒŒ˝˝˝˝˝±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ¸¸¸¸¸ÚÚÚÚÚ 159 - 172 ά◊#¬¬¬;˘± ¬Û±˝◊fl¬ ˜G˘ Ÿ ııııı±±±±±—————˘˘˘˘˘±±±±± ÎÎÎÎά¬¬¬¬◊◊◊◊◊¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛÚÚÚÚÚ……………±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ¸¸¸¸¸ ŒŒŒŒŒ˙˙˙˙˙øøøøøıııııˆˆˆˆˆ¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ·····ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ÂÂÂÂÂøøøøøııııı 173 - 187 ø˜Ê±Ú≈ı˛ ı˛˝˜±Ú Ÿ ÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±±ııııı˛˛˛˛˛œœœœœııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ’’’’’±±±±±flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ˙˙˙˙˙ ¤¤¤¤¤flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ ÎÎÎÎά¬¬¬¬◊◊◊◊◊#####¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬;;;;;˘˘˘˘˘ œœœœœøøøøølllll ŒŒŒŒŒııııı·····˜˜˜˜˜ ŒŒŒŒŒııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀflflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬˚˚˚˚˚˛˛˛˛˛±±±±± 188 - 195 ¸¸¸¸¸±±±±±‡‡‡‡‡±±±±±›››››˚˚˚˚˚˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±ÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬ ŒŒŒŒŒ˝˝˝˝˝±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ¸¸¸¸¸ÚÚÚÚÚ Œfl¬Ãø˙Àfl¬±M˜ õ∂±˜±øÌfl¬ Ÿ ˜˜˜˜˜iiiiiúúúúúÔÔÔÔÔ ııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ˚˚˚˚˚˛˛˛˛˛ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ëëëëëflflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬±±±±±ııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±·····±±±±±ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ííííí ÚÚÚÚÚ±±±±±ÈÈÈÈȬ¬¬¬¬flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ ’’’’’ııııı˘˘˘˘˘•••••§§§§§ÀÀÀÀÀÚÚÚÚÚ 196 - 200 ŒŒŒŒŒ¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛÃÃÃÃÃııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±øøøøøÌÌÌÌÌflflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬—————¸¸¸¸¸ ‰‰‰‰‰¬¬¬¬¬øøøøøııııı˛˛˛˛˛ÀÀÀÀÀSSSSSııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ÚÚÚÚÚıııııııııı˛˛˛˛˛+++++¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛ ‰¬øf˜± ˆ¬A±‰¬±˚« Ÿ ’’’’’ÓÓÓÓÓ¬¬¬¬¬œœœœœÚÚÚÚÚ ıııııÀÀÀÀÀjjjjj……………±±±±±¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛ±±±±±ÒÒÒÒÒ……………±±±±±ÀÀÀÀÀ˚˚˚˚˚˛˛˛˛˛ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ëëëëëııııı˛˛˛˛˛±±±±±ÊÊÊÊʱ±±±±ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ÈÈÈÈÈ≈≈≈≈≈¬¬¬¬¬øøøøø¬¬¬¬¬ÛÛÛÛÛíííí톆††† 201 - 206 ııııı……………øøøøøMMMMMêêêêêııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ’’’’’ôôôôôLLLLL–––––¸¸¸¸¸—————flflflflfl¬¬¬¬¬ÀÀÀÀÀÈÈÈÈȬ¬¬¬¬ııııı˛˛˛˛˛ ÎÎÎÎά¬¬¬¬◊◊◊◊◊ÀÀÀÀÀiiiiiúúúúú±±±±±‰‰‰‰‰¬¬¬¬¬ÚÚÚÚÚ Œ¸ÃÀ˜Ú ŒıÚ±Ô Ÿ =====ÂÂÂÂÂGGGGGKKKKK YYYYYÂÂÂÂÂNNNNNgggggttttt yyyyytttttiiiiihhhhh ¶¶¶¶¶eeeeejjjjjkkkkkfffffUUUUUttttt 207 - 212 fffffUUUUUeeeee yyyyy:::::oooooÔÔÔÔÔgggggJJJJJôôôôô:::::ttttt bleM fwUbth Ntu" Ÿ YYYYYlllll YYYYYaaaaa 1111100000-----VVVVV{{{{{tttttpppppbbbbb ÔÔÔÔÔnnnnnttttt\\\\\zzzzzxxxxx xxxxxqqqqq çççççjjjjjîîîîî (((((mmmmmwwwwwvvvvvhhhhh 213 - 217 nnnnneeeeehhhhhtttttuuuuu fffffuuuuuUUUUU ÂÂÂÂÂfffffUUUUUhhhhh=====ttttthhhhh bbbbbüüüüü =====jjjjjeeeee yyyyytttttiiiiihhhhh;;;;; fffffuuuuuUUUUU ÂÂÂÂÂJJJJJÂÂÂÂÂ:::::ªªªªªttttt hhhhhkkkkkddddd))))) ôJtÂ; Nbot ŸŸŸŸŸ Authors’ Details 218 - 219 SHINJAN Volume III, Issue 4, February-2017 ISSN : 2454-3322 Humanitarian Intervention in the Present World Chandrabali Das Abstract The phenomenon of humanitarian intervention threatens the International Society based on the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity. Usually it is assumed that the state is the guardian of the rights of its citizens and it will protect its civilians from all the adversities of life. But when the state fails to protect its citizens or intentionally endangers the rights of its citizens, the need of humanitarian intervention arises. It means some other state has to intervene in the internal matters of that state and restore the just rights of the civilians there. But does humanitarian intervention always end up in restoring the rights of the citizens? Is humanitarian intervention always in the interest of the affected civilians or is it in the interest of the intervening state? Does humanitarian intervention at all have any argument in its favour or is it really needed in the interest of common humanity – These are some of the questions, whose answers are sough in this chapter. Content: The concept of humanitarian intervention achieved quite significance since the decade of the 1990s. But after the establishment of International Laws pertaining to the prohibition of genocide, killing of civilians enmasse in the hands of the state and recognition of human rights, the humanitarian principles have come into a state of conflict with the principles of state sovereignty and territorial integrity. As the world gradually began to shift towards a globalised, liberalized and unipolar order with the demise of the erstwhile Soviet Union, the concept of humanitarian intervention began to achieve weightage on the basis of the argument that it is in the interest of common humanity that states must intervene in places where the human rights of the innocent civilians are constantly violated in the hands of the state. In 1999, in the month of September, the United Nations General Assembly became witness to a unique declaration which firmly asserted the responsibility of the civilized community of nations to protect innocent civilians are constantly violated in the hands of the 1 SHINJAN : Multi-Disciplinary, Peer-Reviewed Journal • E-mail : [email protected] • Visit: www.shinjan.in
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