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POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY C F OTTON ABRICS P , S REPARATION YNTHESIS A AND PPLICATIONS No part of this digital document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. The publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this digital document, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained herein. This digital document is sold with the clear understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering legal, medical or any other professional services. P S T OLYMER CIENCE AND ECHNOLOGY Additional books and e-books in this series can be found on Nova’s website under the Series tab. POLYMER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY C F OTTON ABRICS P , S REPARATION YNTHESIS A AND PPLICATIONS FABIEN SALAÜN EDITOR Copyright © 2019 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic, tape, mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. We have partnered with Copyright Clearance Center to make it easy for you to obtain permissions to reuse content from this publication. Simply navigate to this publication’s page on Nova’s website and locate the “Get Permission” button below the title description. This button is linked directly to the title’s permission page on copyright.com. Alternatively, you can visit copyright.com and search by title, ISBN, or ISSN. For further questions about using the service on copyright.com, please contact: Copyright Clearance Center Phone: +1-(978) 750-8400 Fax: +1-(978) 750-4470 E-mail: [email protected]. NOTICE TO THE READER The Publisher has taken reasonable care in the preparation of this book, but makes no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assumes no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of information contained in this book. The Publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or in part, from the readers’ use of, or reliance upon, this material. Any parts of this book based on government reports are so indicated and copyright is claimed for those parts to the extent applicable to compilations of such works. Independent verification should be sought for any data, advice or recommendations contained in this book. In addition, no responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from any methods, products, instructions, ideas or otherwise contained in this publication. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information with regard to the subject matter covered herein. It is sold with the clear understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering legal or any other professional services. If legal or any other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent person should be sought. FROM A DECLARATION OF PARTICIPANTS JOINTLY ADOPTED BY A COMMITTEE OF THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION AND A COMMITTEE OF PUBLISHERS. Additional color graphics may be available in the e-book version of this book. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data ISBN: (cid:28)(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:24)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:24)(cid:16)(cid:19)(cid:19)(cid:26)(cid:16)(cid:19)(cid:3)(cid:11)(cid:72)(cid:37)(cid:82)(cid:82)(cid:78)(cid:12) Published by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. † New York CONTENTS Preface vii Chapter 1 Recent Advances in Preparation, Modification and Functionalization of Cotton Fabric 1 Aziz Bentis, Aicha Boukhriss, Mehdi El Bouchti and Said Gmouh Chapter 2 A New Method for Measuring Water Vapour Transfers through Fabrics 37 Adeline Marolleau, Fabien Salaün, Daniel Dupont, Hayriye Gidik and Sylvie Ducept Chapter 3 Advances in Phosphorus-Based Flame Retardant Cotton Fabrics 107 Giulio Malucelli and Giuseppe Rosace Chapter 4 Functionalization of Cotton Fabrics by Cathechol Bound PCM-Microcapsules 167 Wajdi Abdel-Haq, Rolf-Dieter Hund, Chokri Cherif and Fabien Salaün Editor Contact Information 207 Index 209 PREFACE In recent years, improvements in production technology for cotton yarn have led to great increases in production rates. Cotton fiber is the most important natural fiber in the world and the essential cellulosic source. Cotton fibers represent one of the most widely used textile resources on the world market, with a market share of around 50%, mainly for clothing and textile products. The quality and therefore the origin of the fibers significantly influence its market value and the quality grade of the products obtained. In this context, where competition with other fibers is affected by innovations and the marketing of other fibers, in particular, synthetic fibers (polyesters and nylons), elastomers (spandex) and artificial fibers (lyocell), the research conducted in this field have significantly increased the functional potential of these supports. Fundamental understanding of fibers (structural formation during development, chemistry, physics), significant improvement in fiber quality as well as process innovation and product differentiation are essential to maintaining the inter-fiber competitiveness of cotton fibers and the share of cotton fibers in world clothing and other textile markets. In order to develop effective strategies for improving fiber quality and textile finishing treatments for the development of higher value-added products in this competitive sector, research is focused on identifying the chemical and physical properties and particular qualities of fibers. The viii Fabien Salaün relationship between the development of fiber chemistry and fiber structure and properties has only recently attracted attention. The objective of « Cotton Fabrics: Preparation, Synthesis and Applications” book is to present readers with updated information on existing cotton fabric uses and functionalization treatments, highlighting detailed inventory, description, characterization and utilization as well as challenges and perspectives. In the present book, renowned experts and researchers from academia provide a concise and ut-to-date overview of different issues regarding the application of cotton and its derivatives for the development and optimization of textile products. This book is divided in four different chapters. The first chapter discusses general aspects of cotton and traditonnal finishing treatments, with particular emphasis on issues related to the development of new products, comprising an useful background for the following chapters. Chapter two deals with the wearer- environment interactions interms of thermal comfort, with a focuss on new thermal models and more specialy for the mass transfer. Further, chapter three continues and icomplements the previous ones by discussing in detail specific applications of cotton fabrics in flame retardant field. The last chapter is devoted to a new explorating way to fnctionnalize cotton susbtarte by chemical grafting. This book should be a comprehensive reading source for textile research community and students to gather important information on worldwide cotton functionalization processes.