Cortical Development: Genes and Genetic Abnormalities PDF
Preview Cortical Development: Genes and Genetic Abnormalities
Novartis Foundation Symposium 288 CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT: GENES AND GENETIC ABNORMALITIES CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT: GENES AND GENETIC ABNORMALITIES The Novartis Foundation is an international scientifi c and educational charity (UK Registered Charity No. 313574). Known until September 1997 as the Ciba Foundation, it was established in 1947 by the CIBA company of Basle, which merged with Sandoz in 1996, to form Novartis. The Foundation operates independently in London under English trust law. It was formally opened on 22 June 1949. The Foundation promotes the study and general knowledge of science and in particular encourages international co-operation in scientifi c research. To this end, it organizes internationally acclaimed meetings (typically eight symposia and allied open meetings and 15–20 discussion meetings each year) and publishes eight books per year featuring the presented papers and discussions from the symposia. Although primarily an operational rather than a grant-making foundation, it awards bursaries to young scientists to attend the symposia and afterwards work with one of the other participants. The Foundation’s headquarters at 41 Portland Place, London W1B 1BN, provide library facilities, open to graduates in science and allied disciplines. Media relations are fostered by regular press conferences and by articles prepared by the Foundation’s Science Writer in Residence. The Foundation offers accommodation and meeting facilities to visiting scientists and their societies. Information on all Foundation activities can be found at http://www.novartisfound.org.uk Novartis Foundation Symposium 288 CORTICAL DEVELOPMENT: GENES AND GENETIC ABNORMALITIES Copyright © Novartis Foundation 2007 Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester PO19 8SQ, UK National 01243 779777 International (+44) 1243 779777 e-mail (for orders and customer service enquiries): [email protected] Visit our Home Page on http://www.wileyeurope.com or http://www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to [email protected], or faxed to (+44) 1243 770620. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. 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Novartis Foundation Symposium 288 x + 282 pages, 45 fi gures, 3 tables Anniversary Logo Design: Richard J Pacifi co British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-470-06092-6 Typeset in 10½ on 12½ pt Garamond by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong Printed and bound in Great Britain by T. J. International Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall. This book is printed on acid-free paper responsibly manufactured from sustainable forestry, in which at least two trees are planted for each one used for paper production. Contents Symposium on Cortical development: genes and genetic abnormalities, held at the Novartis Foundation, London, 6–8 February 2007 Editors: Gregory Bock (Organizer) and Jamie Goode This symposium is based on a proposal made by Zoltán Molnár John G. Parnavelas Chair’s introduction 1 Bradley J. Molyneaux, Paola Arlotta and Jeffrey D. Macklis Molecular development of corticospinal motor neuron circuitry 3 Discussion 15 Gordon Fishell Perspectives on the developmental origins of cortical interneuron diversity 21 Discussion 35 Pasko Rakic, Kazue Hashimoto-Torii and Matthew R. Sarkisian Genetic determinants of neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex 45 Discussion 53 Stephen C. Noctor, Veronica Martinez-Cerdeño and Arnold R. Kriegstein Neural stem and progenitor cells in cortical development 59 Discussion 73 Teresa H. Chae and Christopher A. Walsh Genes that control the size of the cerebral cortex 79 Discussion 91 General discussion I 96 Vicki Hammond, Joanne Britto, Eva So, Holly Cate and Seong-Seng Tan Control of cortical neuron layering: lessons from mouse chimeras 99 Discussion 108 v vi CONTENTS Fujio Murakami, Daisuke Tanaka, Mitsutoshi Yanagida and Emi Yamazaki Intracortical multidirectional migration of cortical interneurons 116 Discussion 125 Libing Zhou, Fadel Tissir and André M. Goffi net The atypical cadherin Celsr3 regulates the development of the axonal blueprint 130 Discussion 134 Dennis D. M. O’Leary , Shen-Ju Chou, Tadashi Hamasaki, Setsuko Sahara, Akihide Takeuchi, Sandrine Thuret and Axel Leingärtner Regulation of laminar and area patterning of mammalian neocortex and behavioural implications 141 Discussion 159 Jeremy A. Cholfi n and John L. R. Rubenstein Genetic regulation of prefrontal cortex development and function 165 Discussion 173 Henry Kennedy, Rodney Douglas, Kenneth Knoblauch and Colette Dehay Self-organization and pattern formation in primate cortical networks 178 Discussion 195 Nobuhiko Yamamoto, Takuro Maruyama, Naofumi Uesaka, Yasufumi Hayano, Makoto Takemoto and Akito Yamada Molecular mechanisms of thalamocortical axon targeting 199 Discussion 208 Zoltán Molnár, Anna Hoerder-Suabedissen, Wei Zhi Wang, Jamin DeProto, Kay Davies, Sheena Lee, Erin C. Jacobs, Anthony T. Campagnoni, Ole Paulsen, Maria Carmen Piñon and Amanda F. P. Cheung Genes involved in the formation of the earliest cortical circuits 212 Discussion 224 Michael Piper, Amber-Lee S. Dawson, Charlotta Lindwall, Guy Barry, Céline Plachez and Linda J. Richards Emx and Nfi genes regulate cortical development and axon guidance in the telencephalon 230 Discussion 242 CONTENTS vii Paul J. Harrison Schizophrenia susceptibility genes and their neurodevelopmental implications: focus on neuregulin 1 246 Discussion 255 Peter B. Crino Focal brain malformations: a spectrum of disorders along the mTOR cascade 260 Discussion 272 Final discussion 276 Index of contributors 282 Subject index 284
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