Corrosion Resistance of Steels, Nickel Alloys, and Zinc in Aqueous Media: Waste Water, Seawater, Drinking Water, High-Purity Water

420 Pages·2016·3.36 MB·English

by  Michael Schütze

BS Edited by Michael Schütze,
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C Marcel Roche, and Roman Bender
orrosion of metals in the presence of water is a common problem dü
et
across many industries. Understanding how to protect materials against z
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e
attack by water is paramount to extending component lifetimes and (
reducing maintenance. The materials selection process can sometimes Ed· R Corrosion Resistance of
become complex; usually involving multiple factors such as high so
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strength requirements, operating temperature, high corrosion resistance, )h
availability and cost. e Steels, Nickel Alloys and
The present handbook compiles new and updated information on
the corrosion behavior of virtually all types of steels and other iron-based
alloys as well as nickel alloys and zinc in contact with aqueous media
Zinc in Aqueous Media
such as seawater, brackish water, industrial waste water, municipal waste
water, drinking water, and high-purity water.
This compilation is an indispensable tool for all materials scientists,
mechanical, civil and chemical engineers working with steels, iron-,
nickel- or zinc-based materials exposed to aqueous environments. Waste Water, Seawater, Drinking Water,
High-Purity Water
Michael Schütze, born in 1952, studied materials sciences at the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg
from 1972 to 1978, then joined the Karl Winnacker Institute of the DECHEMA as a research
associate. He received his doctorate in engineering sciences from the RWTH (Technical University)
in Aachen in 1983, completed his habilitation in 1991, becoming a member of the external
teaching staff of the RWTH. Since 1998, he holds a professorship there. He was appointed director
of the Karl Winnacker Institute in 1996 and Chairman of the executive board of DECHEMA
Forschungsinstitut in 2012. He is recipient of the Friedrich-Wilhelm-Prize, the Rahmel-Schwenk
NC
medal, the Otto-von-Guericke Prize, the Cavallaro medal, the U.R. Evans Award, the Khwarizmi
Award and the UNIDO Award, past Chairman of the Gordon Conference on Corrosion, editor of icor
the journal Materials and Corrosion, Past-President of the European Federation of Corrosion, Past- kr
President of the World Corrosion Organization and Chairman of the Working Party Corrosion by eo
ls
Hot Gases and Combustion Products of the European Federation of Corrosion. Aio
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Marcel Roche, born in 1945, received his diplomas in Chemical Engineering from the Institut o
National des Sciences Appliquées of Lyon in 1967 and in Refi ning and Chemical Engineering yR
se
from the Ecole Nationale Supérieure du Pétrole et des Moteurs in 1968. He worked as a
s
corrosion engineer for the Institut Français de Pétrole and Technip Engineering from 1970 to ai
ns
1979, when he moved to the Corrosion Department of Elf Aquitaine. He spent the remainder dt
of his career in the fi eld of Corrosion, Inspection and Materials in this Group which became a
TotalFinaElf and fi nally Total. He retired in June 2008 and became a corrosion consultant. Since Zn
ic
July 2011, he is President of CEFRACOR, the French Corrosion Society, and of its department ne
Conseil Français de la Protection Cathodique. He is a member of the Scientifi c and Technical c
o
Advisory Committee of the European Federation of Corrosion and a member of its Board of if
n
Administrators, representing France. He has been active in several European and international S

standardisation working groups, including CEN TC219 WG3 for cathodic protection in marine At
e
applications for which he has been Convenor from 2009 to 2014. qe
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es
Roman Bender, born in 1971, studied chemistry at the Justus Liebig University of Giessen from 1992 o,
to 1997. After he received his diploma he joined the Karl Winnacker Institute of the DECHEMA u
in Frankfurt (Main) as a research associate. Since 2000 he is head of the group materials and s
corrosion at the DECHEMA and editor in chief of the world’s largest corrosion data collection, the M
DECHEMA Werkstofftabelle, and the Corrosion Handbook. In 2001 he received his doctorate in
e
natural sciences from the Technical University of Aachen (RWTH Aachen). In 2008 Dr. Bender was
d
appointed chief executive offi cer of the GfKORR – The Society for Corrosion Protection. As well, in i
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2013 he has been appointed as the Scientifi c Secretary
of the European Federation of Corrosion.
the prime source
of corrosion expertise
www.wiley-vch.de

CorrosionResistanceofSteels,NickelAlloys
andZincinAqueousMedia
EditedbyMichaelSch(cid:1)tze,
MarcelRoche
andRomanBender

Corrosion Resistance
of Steels, Nickel Alloys
and Zinc in Aqueous Media
Editors n Thisbookwascarefullyproduced.Nevertheless,
editors,authorsandpublisherdonotwarrantthe
Prof.Dr.-Ing.MichaelSch(cid:1)tze informationcontainedthereintobefreeoferrors.
DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut Readersareadvisedtokeepinmindthatstatements,
ChairmanoftheExecutiveBoard data,illustrations,proceduraldetailsorotheritems
Theodor-Heuss-Allee25 mayinadvertentlybeinaccurate.
60486FrankfurtamMain
LibraryofCongressCardNo.:Appliedfor.
Germany
MarcelRoche BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData:
PresidentofCEFRACOR Acataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromthe
FrenchCorrosionSociety BritishLibrary.
28rueSaintDominique
75007Paris Bibliographicinformationpublishedby
France
DieDeutscheBibliothek
Dr.rer.nat.RomanBender DieDeutscheBibliothekliststhispublicationinthe
ChiefExecutiveofGfKORRe.V. DeutscheNationalbibliografie;detailedbibliographic
SocietyforCorrosionProtection dataisavailableintheInternetat
Theodor-Heuss-Allee25 <http://dnb.ddb.de>.
60486FrankfurtamMain
Germany
CoverIllustration
Source:DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut,
Frankfurt(Main),Germany
WarrantyDisclaimer
Thisbookhasbeencompiledfromliteraturedata
withthegreatestpossiblecareandattention.
Thestatementsmadeonlyprovidegeneral
descriptionsandinformation.
Evenforthecorrectselectionofmaterialsandcorrect
(cid:1)2016DECHEMAe.V.,SocietyforChemical
processing,corrosiveattackcannotbeexcludedina
EngineeringandBiotechnology,60486Frankfurt
corrosionsystemasitmaybecausedbypreviously
(Main),Germany
unknowncriticalconditionsandinfluencingfactors
orsubsequentlymodifiedoperatingconditions.
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oftheplantorequipment.Therefore,thegiven reproducedinanyform–nortransmittedortrans-
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employeesortheauthors. specificallymarkedassuch,arenottobeconsidered
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V
Contents
Preface IX
HowtousetheHandbook XI
Warrantydisclaimer 1
HighPurityWater 3
Introduction 3
Physicalandchemicalproperties 4
Unalloyedandlowalloyedsteels/Caststeel 6
Non-alloyedcastiron 21
High-alloyedcastiron 22
Ferriticchromiumsteelswith<13%Cr 22
Ferriticchromiumsteelswith‡13%Cr 24
High-alloyedmultiphasesteels 26
AusteniticCrNisteels 27
AusteniticCrNiMo(N)steels 52
Nickel 56
Nickel-chromiumalloys 56
Nickel-chromium-ironalloys(withoutMo) 56
Nickel-chromium-molybdenumalloys 67
Nickel-copperalloys 67
Nickel-molybdenumalloys 68
Zinc 68
Bibliography 69
VI Contents
DrinkingWater 81
Introduction 82
Unalloyedsteelsandcaststeel 87
Unalloyedcastiron 102
Structuralsteelswithupto12%chromium 104
Ferriticchromiumsteelswithmorethan12%chromium 104
Ferritic-austeniticsteelswithmorethan12%chromium 104
Austeniticchromium-nickelsteels 104
Austeniticchromium-nickel-molybdenumsteels 104
Austeniticchromium-nickelsteelswithspecialalloyingadditions 104
Zinc 112
Bibliography 147
Seawater 155
Introduction 155
Unalloyedandlow-alloyedsteels/caststeel 193
Unalloyedcastironandlow-alloycastiron 224
High-alloycastiron 226
Ferriticchromiumsteelswith<13%Cr 228
Ferriticchromiumsteelswith‡13%Cr 229
High-alloymultiphasesteels 235
Ferritic/pearlitic-martensiticsteels 235
Ferritic-austeniticsteels/duplexsteels 235
AusteniticCrNisteels 237
AusteniticCrNiMo(N)steels 239
AusteniticCrNiMoCu(N)steels 244
Nickel 260
Nickel-chromiumalloys 262
Nickel-chromium-ironalloys(withoutMo) 262
Nickel-chromium-molybdenumalloys 262
Nickel-copperalloys 263
Nickel-molybdenumalloys 270
Othernickelalloys 270
Zinc 270
Bibliography 273
Contents VII
WasteWater(Municipal) 289
Introduction 290
Unalloyedsteelsandcaststeel 292
Unalloyedcastiron 294
Ferriticchromiumsteelswithmorethan12%chromium 299
Ferriticausteniticsteelswithmorethan12%chromium 299
AusteniticCrNisteels 299
AusteniticCrNiMo(N)steels 299
AusteniticCrNiMoCu(N)-steels 299
Zinc 305
Bibliography 307
WasteWater(Industrial) 311
Introduction 311
Unalloyedsteelsandlow-alloysteels/caststeel 312
Unalloyedcastironandlow-alloycastiron 316
High-alloycastiron 316
Siliconcastiron 316
Ferriticchromiumsteelswith<13%Cr 320
Ferriticchromiumsteelswith‡13%Cr 320
High-alloymultiphasesteels 320
Ferritic/pearlitic-martensiticsteels 320
Ferritic-austeniticsteels/duplexsteels 320
AusteniticCrNisteels 323
AusteniticCrNiMo(N)steels 323
AusteniticCrNiMoCu(N)steels 323
Nickel-chromiumalloys 339
Nickel-chromium-ironalloys(withoutMo) 339
Nickel-chromium-molybdenumalloys 339
Nickel-copperalloys 339
Zinc 343
Bibliography 344
Keytomaterialscompositions 351
Indexofmaterials 391
Subjectindex 401