Corrosion and chemical resistant masonry materials handbook

398 Pages·1986·20.436 MB·English

by  Walter Lee Sheppard

CORROSION AND
CHEMICAL RESISTANT
MASONRY MATERIALS
HANDBOOK
detidE yb
Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr.
,.M.R.C.C .cnI
,nwotrevaH ainavlysnneP
NOYES PUBLICATIONS
Park Ridge, New Jersey, U.S.A.
Copyright @ 1986 by Noyes Publications
No part of this book may be reproduced in any form
without permission in writing from the Publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 8525929
ISBN: O-8155-1053-5
Printed in the United States
Published in the United States of America by
Noyes Publications
Mill Road, Park Ridge, New Jersey 07656
10987654321
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Corrosion and chemical resistant masonry.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Corrosion and anti-corrosives--Handbooks,
manuals, etc. 2. Masonry--Materials--Corrosion--
Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Sheppard, Walter Lee,
1911-
TA418.74.C5926 1986 620.1’304223 85-25929
ISBN O-8155-1053-5
tI seems appropriate ot dedicate this emulov ot
those friends dna strepxe ohw dah deerga ot pro-
ediv sections for this ,koob tub ohw died erofeb
their sections could eb written. There are four fo
them: lgnatius ,liteM Walter ,yksnamyzS divaD W.
McDowell, dna yelnatS ,worroM each na author-
yti in his field, dna a wonderful person ohw will
reve remain in eht respect dna affection fo his
associates as well as those fo his family.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Those ohw evah deredner assistance ot eht authors
dna editor in gnittup this emulov rehtegot are far
oot numerous ot mention .yllaudividni Those ohw
evah nevig permission for eht use fo ylsuoiverp
published material, dna those ohw evah permitted
our use fo their drawings dna illustrations are
degdelwonkca yllaudividni ta eht appropriate
spots. revewoH ereht is eno person ohw yb dedi-
cation dna selfless krow has merited special men-
tion, dna taht is aivlyS ,yveL ohw has neeb fo in-
estimable assistance ot eht editor in rearranging
dna gnipyter corrected material for publication.
xii
Contributors
William H. reuaB William .M trekcE
Department fo Ceramics Dow Chemical Corporation, .A.S.U
College fo Engineering Freeport, Texas
Rutgers ytisrevinU
,yawatacsiP New yesreJ W.O. Eisenhut
evisehdA Engineering ynapmoC
James .P ttenneB naS Carlos, California
United setatS Department
fo roiretnI Harold .L Fike
uaeruB fo seniM The Sulphur etutitsnI
Tuscaloosa Research retneC Washington, D.C.
ytisrevinU fo Alabama
,ytisrevinU Alabama divaD W. Fowler
Department fo Civil Engineering
John .A ranoB ytisrevinU fo Texas
Refractories Division Austin, Texas
oihoS dereenignE Materials .oC
Niagara Falls, New kroY truK Goltz
tlawnneP Corporation
.A.A avooB gniK fo Prussia, ainavlysnneP
Atlas Minerals dna Chemicals, .cnI
,nwotztreM ainavlysnneP eneguE C. Heilhecker I I I
Garlock, detaroprocnI
Brian .L yelooC ,sudoS New kroY
ydobaeP Continental-Heine Corp.
Des Plaines, Illinois Al Hendricks
Wisconsin evitcetorP Coatings
Thomas F. nangeD Green ,yaB Wisconsin
Wilmington, Delaware
. . .
XIII
xiv Contributors
Hans J. Hoffmann Kenneth A. Poss
Abresist Corporation Ashland Chemical Company
Urbana, Indiana Columbus, Ohio
Edmond W. Jarret Milton H. Potter
Con/Chem Incorporated Wilmington, Delaware
Furlong, Pennsylvania
Dorothy A. Richter
Harlan H. Kline G EOSS
Ameron-Protective Coatings Salem, New Hampshire
Division
Brea, California Paul E. Schlett
Exxon Research and
Donald J. Kossler Engineering Company
Pennwalt Corporation Florham Park, New Jersey
Orange, California
Mary Lou Schmidt
William C. McBee Pennwalt Corporation
Albany Research Center Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Bureau of Mines
United States Department Wesley Severance
of the Interior The Ceilcote Company
Albany, Oregon Berea, Ohio
Henry G. Midgley Walter Lee Sheppard, Jr.
llminster Cement Research C.C.R.M., Incorporated
Iiminster, United Kingdom Havertown, Pennsylvania
Robert E. Moore Oliver W. Siebert
United Engineers and Monsanto Corporation
Constructors, Incorporated St. Louis, Missouri
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
William R. Slama
Edward G. Nawy The Ceilcote Company
Department of Civil and Berea, Ohio
Environmental Engineering
Rutgers University Richard J. Smith
New Brunswick, New Jersey Patterson-Kelley Company
Harsco Corporation
Keith R. Pierce East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania
Department of Mathematical
Sciences Joseph J. Spisak
University of Minnesota Pennwalt Corporation
Duluth, Minnesota Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Sandor Popovics Larry C. Stephans
Department of Civil Engineering Rochester, New York
Drexel University
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Contributors xv
ynohtnA J. Stump0 treboR L. Trinklein
Burmah-Castro1 detaroprocnI Horseshoe ,dneB Arkansas
Hackensack, New yesreJ
Joseph .M Walters
Thomas .A navilluS (Retired) .M.J Waiters ynapmoC
Boulder ytiC Engineering Chester Springs, ainavlysnneP
yrotarobaL
uaeruB fo seniM .V.C Wittenwyler
United setatS Department Shell tnempoleveD ynapmoC
fo eht roiretnI Westhollow Research retneC
Boulder ,ytiC adaveN ,notsuoH Texas
Contents
iv.............................................ECAFERP i
CONTRIBUTORS ....................................... xiii
SECTION I
INTRODUCTION
.1 NA REENIGNE LOOKS AT CHEMICALLY RESISTANT MASONRY. .. .2
Robert E. Moore
.....................................
Introduction. .2
......... 3.
Definition and Types of Chemically Resistant Masonry.
Chemically Resistant Masonry Components and Materials. ....... 5.
.senarbmeM .................................... 6.
yrnosaM Units .................................. 7.
AcidBrick ................................. 7...
nobraC Brick ................................. 8.
Foamed Borosilicate Glass Block .................... .9
High Alumina dna gnitalusnI Brick, Silica Brick, dna
ytlaicepS Brick dna Block ........................ .9
1........................................eliT 0
sratroM dna Grouts for Brick dna Tile. .................. 10
Silicate .sratroM ............................... 11
Silica .sratroM ............................... .I1
Sulfur sratroM ............................... 1I.
Resin .sratroM ............................... 1I.
Hydraulic sratroM ............................. 2I.
Chemically Resistant yrnosaM Applications ................. 31
rewoP eulF-yrtsudnI Gas Desulfurization smetsyS .......... 41
Specific rewoP tnalP FGD metsyS .ecneirepxE ............. 51
Conclusion. ..................................... 8I.
.yhpargoilbiB .................................... 8I.
iivx
. .
x IIIV Contents
2. AN ARCHITECTURAL SPECIFIER LOOKS AT CORROSION
RESISTANT MASONRY ................................ 02.
Milton H. Potter
Preview. ....................................... 02.
Basic Data ...................................... 12.
Materials and Methods of Construction-Masonry System ....... 22.
.etartsbuS .................................... 22.
2.....................................enarbmeM 2
yrnosaM Units ................................. 32.
Liner etalP dna Tile. ........................... 32.
yrrauQ Tile ................................. 42.
Ceramic Tile. ................................ 42.
Corrosion Resistant Cements dna sratroM ............... 42.
Sulfur Cements. .............................. 42.
Resin .sratroM ............................... 52.
noisnapxE Joints. ............................... 52.
Required Details. ............................... 52.
SECTION II
STRUCTURAL MATERIALS SUPPORTING
CORROSION RESISTANT MASONRY
3. METALLIC SHELLS. .................................. .28
Thomas F. Degnan
Introduction. .................................... .28
Materials Selection. ................................ 82.
General Considerations. ........................... 82.
Brittle Fracture. ................................ 92.
woL Temperature ecivreS .......................... 13.
High Temperature .ecivreS ......................... 43.
Corrosion Resistant Shells. ......................... 53.
Other Corrosion Considerations ...................... 73.
Economics fo leetS Selection. ....................... 73.
Design Considerations .............................. 93.
Thickness fo Shell ............................... 93.
Tolerances. ................................... 04.
Vertical Cylindrical Vessels ......................... 34.
Dished or Conical Bottoms ....................... 34.
Flat Bottoms ................................ 34.
Horizontal Cylindrical Vessels ....................... 44.
Rectangular or erauqS Vessels ....................... 44.
Flooring.. .................................. 4.. 6
Construction Details ............................. 74.
,selzzoN stelnI dna Outlets ....................... 74.
slanretnI ................................... 84.
Welds......................................4 8
Surface Preparation ............................ 84.
Pressure Testing ................................ 84.
Contents xix
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Model Specification. .48
Appendix: Guideline Specification for the Design and Fabrication
of Metallic Vessels Which Are to Receive Chemical-Resistant
Masonry Linings for Chemical Immersion Service. . . . . . . . . . . . .49
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.
References.
4.CONCRETE..........................................5 7
Edward G. Nawy
.................................... 75.
Introduction.
......................... 75.
Concrete-Producing Materials.
............................... 75.
Portland Cement.
................................ 75.
Manufacture.
................................... 85.
Strength
Influence of Voids and Type of Cement on the Durability
of Concrete ................................ .59
Water and Air. ................................. .59
Water......................................5 9
Entrained Air. ............................... .60
...........................
Water/Cement Ratio .60
................................... 06.
Aggregates.
Introduction. ................................ .60
............................. 06.
Coarse Aggregate.
Fine Aggregate. .............................. .61
Admixtures ................................... .61
......................... 26.
Criteria for Quality Concrete.
.................................. 26.
Compactness
Strength.. .................................. ..6 2
............................. 26.
Water/Cement Ratio
..................................... 26.
Texture.
.............. 36.
Mix Designs for Nuclear-Shielding Concrete
........................... 36.
Quality Tests on Concrete.
Workability or Consistency. ........................ .63
................................... 36.
Air Content
............. 36.
Compressive Strength of Hardened Concrete.
Flexural Strength of Plain Concrete Beams. .............. .66
............................ 66.
Tensile Splitting Tests
........................ 76.
Placing and Curing of Concrete
Placing.. ................................... ..6 7
Curing........................................6 7
....................... 76.
Properties of Hardened Concrete
............................ 86.
Compressive Strength.
................................ 86.
Tensile Strength
Stress-Strain Curve. .............................. .69
.................................... 07.
Shrinkage.
Creep........................................7 1
................................... 17.
Reinforcement
Summary........................................7 2
..................................... 37.
References.