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Core Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Becoming a Highly Competent and Effective Therapist PDF

298 Pages·2010·4.707 MB·English
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“In his valuable new book, Core Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Becoming a Highly Competent and Effective Therapist, Dr. Len Sperry brings the lists of clinical core competencies alive for therapists and educators alike by providing clear explanations of the competencies’ therapeutic contexts, meanings, and importance. In doing so, he helps us move beyond merely being competent to becoming proficient in our understanding and utilization of these clini- cally critical best practices. Dr. Sperry’s contribution to the competency movement in the men- tal health disciplines is significant because he is able to synthesize the various and sometimes competing clinical competencies together in order to provide us with six integrative core com- petencies that once again illustrate how the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. In this manner Dr. Sperry’s synergistic solution marks a productive step forward, bringing common competencies-based education to the forefront and mapping our journey towards improving the quality of the counseling and psychotherapeutic care we provide.” —Ron Chenail, PhD Professor of Family Therapy, Nova Southeastern University, Florida Editor-in-Chief, Journal of Marital and Family Therapy “This is a timely, clinically relevant, and highly readable book that lives up to its compre- hensive title. Dr. Sperry seamlessly interweaves empirical research, theory, and illustrative clinical vignettes in a highly organized and accessible manner. This compendium will help trainees and experienced therapists of all disciplines and orientations make sense of what it takes to be a highly effective therapist.” —Hanna Levenson, PhD Professor, Wright Institute, Berkeley, California Author, Time Limited Dynamic Therapy “The ability to perform psychotherapy is an essential competency for the modern mental health professional. Knowing what is going on, what to do, and how to do it, effectively and ethically, is the focus of Dr. Sperry’s concisely and clearly written text, Core Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy. Dr. Sperry’s book will be a valuable resource for learners and experienced practitioners because of its balanced coverage of the major modes of psychother- apy and its clear intent to help with acquiring and maintaining professional competencies.” —Laura Roberts, MD Chair of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine, California Editor-in-Chief, Academic Psychiatry “If the art and science of psychotherapy may be likened to a foreign country, Dr. Sperry’s text is a kind of Baedeker—a clear and comprehensive guide book to this often challenging territory. Dr. Sperry emphasizes the curative elements common to all major forms of psychotherapy, yet provides detailed descriptions of the individual schools and approaches. The book is pluralis- tic in its approach, with a broad-based biopsychosocial orientation to treatment, yet avoids the sort of unfocused eclecticism that detracts from less sophisticated texts. Terms are carefully defined; the text is clearly written; and numerous clinical illustrations are provided. The use of an ongoing case example lends a vivid, narrative thread to the text, and allows the reader to integrate a broad array of data in a more personalized way. Dr. Sperry’s text also provides a sound basis for understanding ethno-cultural and ethical issues that arise in the course of treatment. I believe this book will serve as an excellent introductory text for those seeking to achieve competency in psychotherapy, but will also be an elegant ‘refresher course’ for many experienced practitioners who want to refine their understanding.” —Ronald Pies, MD Professor of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York Clinical Professor of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts Past editor-in-Chief, Psychiatric Times RT2492X.indb 1 7/13/10 5:26:59 PM “Dr. Sperry has masterfully incorporated assessment, therapeutic relationship, intervention, evaluation, termination, and multiculturalism into a tightly integrated series of competen- cies. This text is both highly scientific and pragmatic for the neophyte and veteran therapist alike, taking therapist development to the next level.” —Craig S. Cashwell, PhD, LPC, NCC, ACS Professor, School of Education University of North Carolina at Greensboro “This book makes the core competencies of therapy practices not only practical but inspir- ing … and transforms them into ways of thinking and practicing that we can all aspire to master, no matter what our model of practice or stage of career. Great job, Len Sperry!” —William J. Doherty, PhD Professor, University of Minnesota Author, Soul Searching and Family Therapy “This volume develops a systematic approach to teaching the three residency-required core competencies in psychotherapy. With the therapeutic relationship always at the core, the author integrates the common, differentiating, and evolving essentials of cognitive- behavioral, psychodynamic, and systemic (a stand-in for supportive) psychotherapies. It is a useful resource for educators designing programs to achieve the core competencies. Experienced clinicians may also find it of value in reviewing basic concepts of the major psychotherapies.” —Norman A. Clemens, MD Clinical Professor of Psychiatry Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Ohio Training and Supervising Analyst, Cleveland Psychoanalytic Center Psychotherapy columns editor, Journal of Psychiatric Practice “Core Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy is a wonderful companion to Dr. Sperry’s excel- lent book, Highly Effective Therapy. Both seasoned therapists and clinicians-in-training—as well as those who prepare clinicians—will find this book a thorough and accessible resource. Used in combination, Core Competencies and Highly Effective Therapy provide readers with an excellent, in-depth presentation of the knowledge, attitudinal dispositions, and skill sets involved in the core competencies of successful clinical practice.” —Richard E. Watts, PhD, LPC-S Professor and Director Center for Research and Doctoral Studies in Counselor Education Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas “Len Sperry succinctly and systematically presents the basic competencies of psychother- apy practice based on his extensive experience as a clinician, psychotherapy researcher, and supervisor. Each phase of treatment and dimension of psychotherapy is clearly for- mulated and enriched with the wisdom that only comes through decades of experience. As a profoundly deep-thinking therapist and scholar, Dr. Sperry proposes a distillation of a true healing process. His conceptualization offers our field a standard for clinical practice against which to hold ourselves and help our clients heal and evolve. The conduct of very fine psychotherapy is made accessible through his clear formulation of clinical competency. Dr. Sperry creates the bedrock for training for a new therapist and, for more seasoned thera- pists, a place for reflection on further refinement.” —Lisa Miller, PhD Associate Professor, Clinical Psychology, Teachers College Columbia University and Columbia University Medical School, New York Past President, Division 36, American Psychological Association RT2492X.indb 2 7/13/10 5:26:59 PM Core Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy RT2492X.indb 1 7/13/10 5:27:00 PM Core CompetenCies in psyChotherapy series Series Editor Len Sperry Florida Atlantic University, Medical College of Wisconsin Competency represents a paradigm shift in the training and practice of psychotherapy that is already challenging much of what is familiar and comfortable. This series addresses the core competencies common to highly effective psychotherapeutic practice, and includes individual volumes for the most commonly practiced approaches today: cognitive behavior, brief dynamic, and solution-focused therapies, and others. Volumes in this Series Highly Effective Therapy: Developing Essential Clinical Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy Len Sperry Core Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy: Becoming a Highly Competent and Effective Therapist Len Sperry RT2492X.indb 2 7/13/10 5:27:01 PM Core Competencies in Counseling and Psychotherapy Becoming a Highly Competent and Effective Therapist L E N S P E R R Y New York London RT2492X.indb 3 7/13/10 5:27:01 PM Routledge Routledge Taylor & Francis Group Taylor & Francis Group 270 Madison Avenue 27 Church Road New York, NY 10016 Hove, East Sussex BN3 2FA © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2011. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. International Standard Book Number: 978-0-415-95249-1 (Hardback) For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www. copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organiza- tion that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sperry, Len. Core competencies in counseling and psychotherapy : becoming a highly competent and effective therapist / by Len Sperry. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-415-95249-1 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Psychotherapy. I. Title. RC480.S653 2010 616.89’14--dc22 2010015636 Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the Routledge Web site at http://www.routledgementalhealth.com ISBN 0-203-89399-9 Master e-book ISBN RT2492X.indb 4 7/13/10 5:27:03 PM Contents Foreword xvii preface xxi SectIon I Introduction 1 Competencies in Counseling and psychotherapy: an overview 3 Definition of terms 4 Competence and Competency 4 Competency Versus skill 5 Capability 6 the Competency movement in the mental health Disciplines 6 Five mental health Disciplines 8 psychiatry 8 psychology 9 marital and Family therapy 1 0 Counseling 1 1 social Work 1 2 progress on adoption of Competency-Based training 1 2 Commonality on Core Competencies 1 3 Core Competencies in Counseling and psychotherapy 1 3 1. Conceptual Foundation 1 3 2. relationship Building and maintenance 1 4 3. intervention planning 1 4 4. intervention implementation 1 5 5. intervention evaluation and termination 1 5 6. Culturally and ethically sensitive practice 1 5 interrelationship of six Core Competencies 1 6 Journey metaphor 1 6 Visual representation 1 7 Concluding note 1 7 v RT2492X.indb 5 7/13/10 5:27:04 PM ConTEnTS SectIon II core competency 1: conceptual Foundations 2 Conceptual Foundations 21 Competency of applying a Conceptual map 2 2 the “tri-y model” 2 2 Dynamic approaches 2 3 the evolution of Dynamic therapy 2 4 Drive: Classical psychoanalysis 2 4 Drive: psychoanalytic psychotherapy 25 ego: ego psychology 2 5 object: object relations 2 5 self: self psychology 2 6 relationship: relationally oriented Dynamic therapies 2 6 Dynamic perspective on personality, psychopathology, and psychotherapeutic process 2 7 personality 2 7 psychopathology 2 7 psychotherapeutic process 2 8 Cognitive–Behavioral therapies 2 8 Common Characteristics 2 8 the evolution of CBt 2 9 First Wave 2 9 second Wave 3 0 third Wave 3 0 Behavior therapy 3 0 Cognitive therapies 3 1 schema therapy 3 2 Dialectic Behavior therapy 3 2 Cognitive–Behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy 3 3 mindfulness-Based Cognitive therapy 3 4 Cognitive–Behavioral perspective on personality, psychopathology, and psychotherapeutic process 3 4 personality 3 4 psychopathology 3 4 psychotherapeutic process 3 5 vi RT2492X.indb 6 7/13/10 5:27:04 PM ConTEnTS systemic approaches 3 5 systems Concepts 3 5 structural therapy 3 6 strategic therapy 3 6 solution-Focused approaches 3 7 systemic perspective on personality, psychopathology, and psychotherapeutic process 3 7 personality 3 7 psychopathology 3 7 psychotherapeutic process 38 Concluding note 38 Case of Geri 38 SectIon III core competency 2: therapeutic Relationship 3 relationship Building 4 3 assessment Competency and intervention planning 4 4 establishing an effective therapeutic relationship 44 therapeutic approaches 4 5 Cognitive–Behavioral approaches 4 5 Dynamic approaches 4 6 systemic approaches 48 an integrative View of the therapeutic alliance 4 9 therapist and therapeutic alliance 5 2 Clinician Credibility 5 3 Developing a therapeutic alliance with Difficult Clients 53 assessing readiness and Fostering treatment-promoting Factors 5 4 stages of readiness for Change 55 interventions to optimize readiness for Change 5 6 Common Factors in psychotherapy 5 6 Client resources 5 7 therapeutic relationship 5 7 intervention strategies and tactics 5 7 expectancy 5 7 treatment-promoting Factors and strategies 58 vii RT2492X.indb 7 7/13/10 5:27:04 PM

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