Conversations FALL 2016 | NUMBER 50 On Jesuit Higher Education Laudato Si’ Responsibility|Conservation |Sustainability FALL 2016 Conversations NUMBER 50 Members of the On Jesuit Higher Education National Seminar on Jesuit Higher Education Heidi Barker Regis University LAUDATO SI’, CARE FOR OUR COMMON HOME Mark G. Bosco, S.J. Loyola University Chicago Patrick J. Howell, S.J. Seattle University Timothy P. Kesicki, S.J. President, Jesuit Conference ex officio James McCartin Fordham University Molly Pepper Gonzaga University 34 Jennifer Rinella Rockhurst University Viriditas: Finding God Stephen C. Rowntree, S.J. Holy Name of Jesus Church, in All Things New Orleans Julie Rubio St. Louis University Edward W. Schmidt, S.J. AmericaMagazine Michael Serazio Boston College Michael Sheeran, S.J. President, AJCU FEATURES ex officio 2 On Care for Our Common Home, Elizabeth Groppe Jessica Wrobleski Wheeling Jesuit University 7 Natura Revelata, Catherine Kleier Patrick J. Howell, S.J., chair 10 Uniquely Suited to Tackle the Environmental Crisis, Nancy Tuchman Stephen C. Rowntree, S.J., sec. Edward W. Schmidt, S.J., editor 14 Connecting Streams across Campus, Jo Yarrington, Lori Jones, and Pat Poli Conversationsis published by the 18 Between a Rock and a Coal Mine, Jessica Wrobleski National Seminar on Jesuit Higher Education, which is jointly sponsored 21 Shame and the Signs of Hope, Mike Murphy by the Jesuit Conference Board and the Board of the Association of 23 Cry of the Earth, Cry of the Poor, Daniel R. DiLeo Jesuit Colleges and Universities. 25 Hopkins and Francis on the State of the World, Paul Mariani The opinions stated herein are those of the authors and not necessarily 30 River of Recyclables, Mary Ellen Wade those of the JC or the AJCU. Comments and inquiries may be 36 A Theologian Looks at “Laudato Si’” addressed to the editor of Conversations An Interview with Elizabeth Johnson, C.S.J, by James P. McCartin Edward W. Schmidt, S.J. America Magazine 46 How Loyola Undergraduates Welcomed Undocumented Students, 106 W. 56th Street New York, NY 10019 Flavio Bravo and Ruth Gomberg-Muñoz phone: 212-581-4640 e-mail: [email protected] For information about BOOK REVIEWS subscriptions to Conversations: Stephen C. Rowntree, S.J. 48 The Age of Sustainable Development, by Jeffrey Sachs Secretary to the National Seminar 49 American Jesuits and the World, by John T. McGreevy on Jesuit Higher Education Holy Name of Jesus Parish, 51 Democracy, Culture, Catholicism, by Michael Schuck and John Crowley-Buck, eds. New Orleans 1575 Calhoun Street New Orleans, LA 70118 40 AN HISTORICAL MOMENT: Spring Hill College, by Gentry Holbert Phone: 504 865 2781 e-mail: [email protected] 52 TEACHING TO MISSION:Bringing Mission to the Classroom, by Molly Pepper Conversationsback issues are available online at STUDENT VOICES 8, 17, 27, 28, 32, 47 http://conversationsmagazine.org Design and layout by ALUMNI VIEW 29, 33 Pauline Heaney. Printed by Peacock Communications, Lincoln Park, N.J. Front Cover: Photograph of the Northern Lights over Grotfjord near Tromso, Norway. See page 42. © Dr. William Gutsch. FROM THE EDITOR Caring for Our Common Home – We’re Doing Well The work ofour schools is a worthy tribute to the insights want to do something they see as vitally important. Fac- and challenges of Pope Francis in his encyclical “Laudato ulty and administrators constantly look for new ways to Si’: On Care for Our Common Home,” which has cast care build a new project, eliminate waste, save energy. We for the environment as a spiritual mandate and a justice present these stories in longer pieces, in reflections or re- issue. Sharing the stories we offer here is a fitting way to ports from students and alumni, and in art. A lot of peo- celebrate the first anniversary of its publication. ple are making a great difference. Back in the 1960s, a Jesuit friend and I were in gradu- This issue of Conversationsalso includes two new ate school at Georgetown. Marty was studying biology; I short features. One is “Where We Come From,” a short was working in linguistics. One day Marty said that he history of one of the 28 schools. We will work our way thought he would concentrate on ecology. Ecology– the through all 28, but with two issues a year that will take word was new to me. My linguistic interest quickly got some time. We also have a teacher’s reflections in “Teach- engaged.Ecohad to do with the home, as economyhad to ing the Mission”; our first column in this series is by do with running a household. And ecumenicalhad to do Conversations seminar member Molly Pepper of Gonzaga. with the whole inhabited world, where people live, where A letter in this issue from Pat Howell, the chair of the they build their homes. That’s a stretch, but it is where the Conversationsseminar, explains other innovations. word comes from. Other coinages followed, like ecosystem A great part of the enjoyment of being part of Conver- and eco-friendly. sationsis welcoming new members to the seminar. This Ecology was a recently emerging study, not the same season we welcome Clint Springer, a professor of biology as environmentalism but closely associated with it. The at St. Joseph’s University. A native of West Virginia, Clint first Earth Day was celebrated in 1970. Marty explained has a strong interest in Appalachia and knows Catholic that ecology concerned not just this animal or that, this social teaching on the exploitation of that region. He has plant family or another. Ecology looks at how living done specialized research on climate change. things relate to each other, how plants and animals affect That enjoyment comes at the cost of saying farewell. each other, one sheltering another, one eating another, This year we say farewell to Jim McCartin, theology pro- two species whose survival depends on each other. fessor and director of the Fordham Center on Religion When humans enter the picture, they don’t always and Culture, who has faithfully finished his three years maintain the balance that nature builds. With a drive to on the seminar. We will miss Jim’s insights and good acquire more than they need, to store up now to allow humor; fortunately he works not far away and I am sure leisure later, they often upset that balance. But didn’t God I’ll run into Jim from time to time. tell us to have dominion over all the other living crea- Higher education has many issues to deal with, as tures? It’s right there in the first chapter of the Bible. But successive numbers of Conversationsshow. A special sec- God called us not to dominion, which leads to exploita- tion in The New York Timeson June 23 studied a range of tion, but rather to stewardship. God charged us to watch these issues, highlighting a lead article by Frank Bruni, over creation, to protect it, to use it wisely. “Student, or Customer?” Other issues included free Our 28 Jesuit colleges and universities make signifi- speech, food and costs, sexual assault, and diversity. The cant contributions to the movement to protect the earth next Conversationswill address some of these issues as that has evolved in recent decades. The stories in these “Difficult Conversations.” For now, we focus on how our pages witness an amazing variety of approaches to envi- schools are addressing the need to care for our common ronmental questions, all designed to get something done. home. We can always do more, of course, but that is no University communities seem not to need much encour- reason not to recognize the immense good that we do. agement to face the causes and the effects of environmen- tal damage – destruction of the land, extinction of species, Edward W. Schmidt, S.J., editor global warming. Students take the need for granted and 1 The springs ofSolsonès press opened; though he did not see up from under the range of any vision, he understood and Catalonia’s Busa mountains. knew many things, both spiri- Seasonally, their flow is so tual things and matters of strong that they generate faith and learning, and this magnificent waterfalls that was with so great an enlight- cascade over rocks cloaked in enment that everything emerald green moss, moisten- seemed new to him. It was as if ing the air with their mist. he were a new man with a new These are the headwaters of intellect.” The Social Justice the Cardoner River that cuts and Ecology Secretariat of the its path through the Spanish Society of Jesus’ 2011 special village of Manresa on its way report on ecology, Healing a to join its waters to those of Broken World, relates Ignatius’ the Llobregat. experience at the Cardoner to Ignatius of Loyola spent his theological conviction that almost a year in Manresa in the love of the triune God per- 1522. He entered the village meates all of creation and that on foot after relinquishing his we are to “find God in all nobleman’s garments and things” (No. 49). warrior sword in a night-long In 1965, centuries after Ig- On Care vigil before the Black natius’ transformative experi- Madonna at the Benedictine ence, studies of the Cardoner Monastery at Montserrat. It found no trace of the life for Our was in Manresa that he spent forms common in healthy long hours of prayer and river waters. Test samples re- penance in a cave, opening vealed only organisms whose Common himself to a wisdom that presence is indicative of high would guide the remainder of levels of water pollution. The his remarkable life and inspire contamination of the river, ex- Home the composition of the Spiri- plains Josep Lluís Iriberri, S.J., tual Exercises. One day, as he a professor at Barcelona’s Uni- was walking to a church a versitat Ramon Llull, origi- mile’s distance from Manresa nates in the region’s salt and along a road that followed the potassium mines and the dis- A Conversation Cardoner, he sat upon the charges of the cities through among Creatures ground and faced the swiftly which the river passes. Across flowing water. the globe today, the rivers that “While he was seated are the aqueous arteries and By Elizabeth Groppe there,” Ignatius recounted, veins of the planet are suffer- telling the story of his own pil- ing not only from industrial grimage to a fellow Jesuit as if and agricultural pollution but he were narrating the life of a also from drought, deluge, different person, “the eyes of and the diversion of their wa- his understanding began to be ters for human purposes. 2 CONVERSATIONS ON JESUIT HIGHER EDUCATION And today, the first Jesuit pope in the history of the fully crafted chapters. Chapter One is entitled “What Catholic Church has issued the first expressly ecologi- Is Happening to Our Common Home” and opens the cal encyclical, “Laudato Si’: On Care for Our Common encyclical with a summary of the travail of creation Home.” Like Pope John XXIII’s “Pacem in Terris,” (Rom 8:22). which was promulgated in the midst of the Cold War, Pope Francis’ historic letter is addressed not only to Broken Boundaries Roman Catholics but to all women and men of good and Relationships will. Unique among papal encyclicals, it gives expres- sion not only to human voices but also to Brother Sun, A domestic household maintains its health in part Sister Water, and all creatures of the cosmos. In conti- through the establishment of boundaries and limits. A nuity with the teaching of Pope John Paul II and Pope financial budget sets a limit on expenditures on Benedict XVI as well as regional episcopal conferences monthly rent or mortgage with the intention of reserv- from across the globe, the encyclical invites us to an ing funds for food, clothing, medicine, and other neces- ecological conversion. It begins with words of praise sities. A fence around a back yard sets the boundaries of (“Laudato Si’, mi’ Signore”) and is composed of six care- a protected play area for children. Limits on the social Left: The Spiritual Journey of St. Ignatius Loyola: Image 2 of 5: “Ignatius composing Spiritual Exercises at Manresa, overlooking River Cardoner.” Dora Niklov Bittau. Copyright Seattle University. Above: River Cardoner today, photo courtesy of the Jesuit Curia in Rome. 3 ITEMS FROM ROME A Major Jesuit Meeting Beginning on October 2,Jesuit rep- resentatives from all over the world will meet in Rome for General Con- gregation 36. Their major agenda item will be to accept the resignation of Fr. Adolfo Nicolás, the Superior General, and then to elect his succes- sor. Father Nicolás officially convoked this meeting on Dec. 8, 2014. A general congregation is rare in the Society of Jesus. If the supe- rior general dies in office, one must The view of the dome of St. Peter’s from the Jesuit Curia's roof. be convoked to elect his successor. If the superior general wants to re- the state of the Society of Jesus be more concerned with global is- tire, the congregation must give its today. Other groups will propose sues rather than with specifics. And approval. topics for consideration. they would generally support the After the election of a new gen- Throughout its history, the great work being done in so many eral, the delegates consider “matters order has considered education to academic settings. of greater moment” in the life of the be a crucial ministry, and the order. A committee will have met to schools have drawn attention from More information is available at compose a document describing general congregations. They would www.jesuits.org. An Invitation to Make a Difference Fr. Adolfo Nicolás,the Superior sion, research, and advocacy. It is this is beyond us, that we are in- General of the Jesuits, wrote a letter meant not only for Jesuits but also significant players, “too small or in April introducing a new document for individual colleagues in min- weak to make a difference.” prepared by a group of economists istry, concerned groups, and institu- As this issue of Conversations and theologians from all over the tions as a whole. shows, colleges and universities are world; overseeing the work were Father Nicolás’s letter invites Je- capable of finding solutions to prob- Michael Garanzini, S.J., and Patxi Ál- suit institutions to develop a lems that beset our world; working varez, S.J., the Jesuit secretaries for methodology to work on the docu- together we can do much more. higher education and for social jus- ment with a special focus on local The full text of the document is tice and ecology respectively. situations, bringing intellectual and available at The document reflects the spiritual light to these concerns. He http://www.sjweb.info/sjs/PJ/index. close connection between ecologi- urges all to examine closely the per- cfm?PubTextId=15696. Or a search cal concerns and other issues of sonal, communal, and institutional using the terms “promotio iustitiae economic and social justice. The responses we are capable of and to 121” will also access the document. purpose is meant to spur discus- avoid the temptation to believe that 4 CONVERSATIONS ON JESUIT HIGHER EDUCATION activities of adolescents are instituted by parents will have adverse consequences. According to the with the intention of supporting youth in gradu- authors of “Planetary Boundaries,” humanity has ally developing a mature freedom. already overstepped four of the nine boundaries of The boundaries of our familial households the life systems that make the planet a place that exist within a vast web of planetary relationships humans can call home. to which we denizens of industrial western civi- lization have been largely unattentive. We have Exclamations of Wonder taken for granted the weather patterns of the last 10,000 years that have been so hospitable to the de- In the Spiritual Exercises, Ignatius meditates on his velopment of settled agricultural civilizations, the own sinfulness and voices “exclamations of wonder, stability of the polar ice caps, the shorelines of the with intense feeling, as I reflect on the whole range oceans, the fertility of the soil, and the fecundity of of created beings … the heavens, the sun, the moon, the seas. These dimensions of our biosphere, how- the stars and the elements, the fruits, the birds, the ever, are contingent not only on the creative provi- fishes, and the animals … how ever have they let dence of God, but also on the complex interplay of me live and kept me alive!” The earth’s flora and a multiplicity of biogeochemical relationships. fauna have long endured our ecological transgres- A helpful synthesis of the scientific research sions. Today, however, we are pushing them across that shapes the context of “Laudato Si’” can be their limits of resilience. With power equivalent to found in the publications of an international team that of an asteroid crashing into the earth’s surface, of 18 scientists who have collaborated to identify humanity is precipitating the sixth mass extinction and monitor the life systems that have made the of species in Earth’s history, and climate change is Earth’s biosphere so hospitable to our species. In driving earth systems into a state fundamentally the article “Planetary Boundaries: A Safe Operat- different than that which our own species has en- ing Space for Humanity” published in the journal joyed in all of our 200,000 years of existence. Sciencein 2009 and then updated in 2015, Will Stef- “Doomsday predictions,” Pope Francis writes fen and colleagues explain that our activity is in “Laudato Si’,” “can no longer be met with irony pressing against or transgressing the limits to a or disdain” (No. 161). The science that informs the planet hospitable to our species in nine ways: (1) encyclical supports this dire prognosis. Yet the destabilization of the climate; (2) loss of biodiver- work of the church is not simply to reiterate the sity and biospheric integrity; (3) depletion of science but to “protect mankind from self-destruc- stratospheric ozone; (4) acidification of the ocean; tion” (No. 79). To this end, the encyclical’s second (5) disruption of the phosphorus and nitrogen cy- chapter, “The Gospel of Creation,” offers a species cles; (6) deforestation and other forms of land sys- that has transgressed planetary limits with tem degradation; (7) freshwater depletion; (8) the Promethean presumption a vision of the Earth as release into the atmosphere of aerosals, i.e. micro- the work of a Creator who loves and cares for scopic particles such as soot that affect the climate every single creature. “The best way to restore men and living organisms; and (9) the introduction into and women to their rightful place, putting an end the biosphere of novel entities, including organic to their claim to absolute dominion over the earth, pollutants, radioactive materials, nanomaterials, is to speak once more of the figure of a Father who and micro-plastics. creates and who alone owns the world” (No. 75). Just as overspending a household’s financial This is a loving God who grants creatures their budget or failing to limit the activity of a toddler own autonomy and yet simultaneously remains can lead to homelessness or harm, so too overstep- present to us, such that cosmic history is a drama ping or ignoring the boundaries of the systems that of the interplay of divine grace and creaturely free- have made the Earth habitable for Homo sapiens dom. Francis invites us to see creation “with the 5 gaze of Jesus” as a realm of laws and equilibriums A New Conversation that must be respected, a world that manifests di- vine wisdom and inspires awe and praise. “Laudato Si’” invites Jesuit universities to an ur- “The Human Roots of the Ecological Crisis,” gent and potentially transformative conversation. the encyclical’s third chapter, identifies the heart Pope Francis traces the roots of our social and eco- of the crisis as our pursuit of an ideal of progress logical crisis to a cultural void of ultimate purpose that is lacking an ultimate purpose, direction, or that has left us to manage our common home with meaning. Francis appreciates the tremendous con- a one-dimensional technoscience. This techno- tribution of modern science and technology to the science is incapable on its own of setting us on a improvement of the quality of human life. Our new course. Surely, we need more than ever the technological power, however, has grown at a knowledge that science generates and new forms pace that has exceeded our growth in wisdom and of technology that can support new forms of responsibility. In this context, technoscience has human civilization. But technoscience alone can- often become a one-dimensional instrument of not produce a noble and courageous political cul- control serving a narrow understanding of self-in- ture. On its own, it cannot overcome the reductive terest. In the void of meaning that results, those of epistemologies of modernity and the fragmenta- us who are privileged fill the emptiness of our tion of the disciplines of the academy. It cannot lives with consumer goods and digital virtual real- generate the ecological economics that Francis en- ity, while the impoverished struggle to survive visions nor serve the same ends as theology and amidst the wastelands and rubble of a globalized spirituality. The surge in our technological power industrial economy. enabled by modern science, Francis laments, has Chapter Four’s reflections on “Integral Ecol- not been accompanied by a growth in wisdom, ogy” highlight humanity’s unique place in God’s culture, and ethics. creation but emphasize that humanity is a part of The Jesuit university is a place of conversation nature, not its master. The natural and social where the integration of science, economics, spheres are inseparable, and ecological degrada- ethics, philosophy, history, anthropology, art, liter- tion and social disintegration have a common ature, music, and theology that Francis envisions root. Francis invites us to commit ourselves to the might actually occur. Within a community en- common good of the human family and all crea- gaged in such a collaborative search for wisdom, tures, to realize our interconnectedness, to over- we can potentially become, like Ignatius on the come the inequities of our world, and to “feel the banks of the Cardoner, new men and women with desertification of the soil almost as a physical ail- “a new intellect.” The exercise of this Ignatian in- ment, and the extinction of a species as a painful tellect is inseparable from action on behalf of the disfigurement” (No. 89). Chapter Five, “Lines of suffering members of the human family and all Approach and Action,” calls for local initiatives, creatures in our common home, for, the Exercises the articulation of global norms and strengthening instruct us, “Love ought to find expression in of international institutions, and the practice of a deeds more than in words.” These deeds include healthy politics and true statecraft characterized the work of those who installed purification sta- by nobility, generosity, and courage. A final chap- tions along the course of the Cardoner River in ter on “Ecological Education and Spirituality” in- 1985. Now, Professor Iriberri testifies, one who vites us to the contemplation of beauty, the stands on the old bridge in Manresa beholds practices of care and tenderness, the cultivation of ducks and other birds feeding in their waters, a ecological habits and virtues, and the joyful cele- sign of a healthy river ecosystem. Laudato Si’, mi bration of life in sublime communion with the tri- Signore, per sor’Acqua, la quale è multo utile et humile une God and all creatures. “God of love, show us et pretiosa et casta. our place in this world as channels of your love for all the creatures of this earth… Praise be to Elizabeth T. Groppe is an associate professor of theology you!” (No. 246) at Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. 6 CONVERSATIONS ON JESUIT HIGHER EDUCATION Natura Revelata The importance of nature in the Jesuit University Reflections on Environmental Biology, the Liberal Arts, and Laudato Si’ By Catherine Kleier The observation andstudy of nature can be a useful path- This process of focus, attention, reverence, and devo- way for engaging spirituality and understanding habits of tion is very much the pathway the liberal arts exalt within the scholarly mind. These habits of attention to nature mir- the disciplines. Teaching this process not only helps stu- ror the critical thinking skills so fundamental to the liberal dents in Jesuit universities to embrace union but may also arts. In “Laudato Si’,” Pope Francis asks us to privilege the help to model an approach to the life of the mind that we Earth the way we privilege the poor. Developing a relation- wish to inspire in our students. The Latin verb revelare ship with nature will help us all live out the pope’s call. The means: to unveil, uncover, lay bare; disclose, reveal. Al- revelation that nature provides can give our lives meaning though the word revelmay not be the same root, the added and help us to live more deeply in our own habitats. meaning of revel, or celebration, is equally appropriate to In an America article in 2000 entitled, “How to Be Natura Revelata. Thinking about nature in this way, we can Catholic in a Jesuit Context,” Howard Gray, S.J., asked, “Is also see a similarity to the process that all scholars engage there an ecumenical process that is both deeply religious on their path to truths in their disciplines. but genuinely acceptable to those of other beliefs or no for- In science, observations elucidate nature’s patterns. In mally religious belief?” Then he outlines a Jesuit approach order to observe at all, though, one must focus, which is the that first involves focus and then attention, reverence, and first part of Father Gray’s suggestion. Focusing our attention devotion. Finding spiritual union implies that we must look requires discipline, but like anything that requires work, there inward, but I propose that an outward focus on nature can is usually a payoff. With focus and observation comes the also bring spiritual revelation. Natura Revelata, or nature re- recognition of a pattern. Such a recognition is a “eureka mo- vealed, can be the ecumenical process to bring us to union. ment,” or a revelation. For scientists, this movement towards 7 the eureka moment may be a slow, plodding march, but usu- available to everyone. To study nature, to understand nature or ally that slog is followed by a frenzied flow of thought and un- anything in the world, one can rely upon intuition, and one can derstanding. I find nature a useful pathway for my students also focus one’s attention to make observation. because it requires so little background knowledge. It’s a good Sometimes students will ask me how I knew what I thing too that nature can be approachable without formal wanted to study. If we are introspective enough, we will un- knowledge, because few people know anything about the derstand that we didn’t actually choose. More often, the sub- natural history of where they live. Modern science views natu- ject matter chooses us. Like the eureka moment, there is a ral history as archaic and many universities don’t even teach slow advance in observation, then some research, reading, ex- natural history any more. perimentation, until there is some understanding. Possibly, To illustrate my point about the paucity of natural history even answers are revealed, and this is thrilling. Before we have knowledge, consider if you can answer the following: What realized it, we are in love. Like falling in love with a person, this phase is the moon in tonight? What constellations are visible is not the sort of thing that happens overnight, but if you in tonight’s night sky? Name five native birds that are resident study anything with enough perseverance, it reveals its mys- year round. Name five native non-tree plants in your home. tery, and you begin to revel in your love. Nature provides an Name five insects native to your home. easy gateway to observation and study because it is tangible Natural history in our immediate physical place is the gate- and all around us. way to Natura Revelata. Understanding and observing local I believe the study and love of nature has not been ex- plants and animals can lead to the formation of patterns in the plicit in the Jesuit university. To be sure, “finding God in all mind, which can be revelations and eureka moments, not just in things” certainly echoes an implication of God in nature. Yet, science but also in faith and in emotional and physical aspects of focusing intentionally on nature provides a way of living that life. Nature is no less a wonder for the nonbeliever as for the be- is indicative of “How ought we to live?” Nature forces us to liever, and the moments and discernments nature provides are think outside of ourselves. There is much documentation that Composting, Food Waste, and Trust the Tap By Isabella Kaser and Jake Gilchrest Dudley As active membersof the Sustain- ability Committee at Regis, we cre- ate programs that implement sustainability practices. This aca- saw how much waste they con- tive strategy. Approved by the ad- demic year we have worked with tributed. By the end of the week the ministration, student employees our cafeteria vender to decrease the amount of waste decreased from 120 work with local businesses and Bon amount of food waste. For a week to 80 pounds. Appetit (on campus) to compost. during lunch, committee members Our committee also initiated Sustainability is also integrated stood at the dish rack and asked two composting, work-study posi- into our Integrative Core classes. In people to clear their plate into a tions, because having students lead one class entitled “Modeling Sus- bucket, placed on a scale so they composting efforts is the most effec- tainability,” students created the 8 CONVERSATIONS ON JESUIT HIGHER EDUCATION
Description: