Convergence of Blockchain Technology and E-Business: Concepts, Applications, and Case Studies (Green Engineering and Technology)

291 Pages·2021·6.413 MB·English

by  D. Sumathi (editor), T. Poongodi (editor), Balamurugan Balusamy (editor), Bansal Himani (editor)

Convergence of Blockchain
Technology and E-Business
Green Engineering and Technology: Concepts and Applications
Series Editors: Brujo Kishore Mishra, GIET University, India and
Raghvendra Kumar, LNCT College, India
Environment is an important issue these days for the whole world. Different strate-
gies and technologies are used to save the environment. Technology is the applica-
tion of knowledge to practical requirements. Green technologies encompass various
aspects of technology which help us reduce the human impact on the environment
and creates ways of sustainable development. Social equability, this book series will
enlighten the green technology in different ways, aspects, and methods. This technol-
ogy helps people to understand the use of different resources to fulfill needs and de-
mands. Some points will be discussed as the combination of involuntary approaches,
government incentives, and a comprehensive regulatory framework will encourage
the diffusion of green technology, least developed countries and developing states of
small island requires unique support and measure to promote the green technologies.
Handbook of Research for Green Engineering in Smart Cities
Edited by Kanta Prasad Sharma, Abdel-Rahman Alzoubaidi,
Shashank Awasthi, Ved Prakash Mishra
Green Internet of Things for Smart Cities
Concepts, Implications, and Challenges
Edited by Surjeet Dalal, Vivek Jaglan, and Dac-Nhuong Le
Green Materials and Advanced Manufacturing Technology
Concepts and Applications
Edited by C. Samson Jerold Samuel, M. Suresh,
Arunseeralan Balakrishnan, and S. Gnansekaran
Cognitive Computing Using Green Technologies
Modeling Techniques and Applications
Edited by Asis Kumar Tripathy, Chiranji Lal Chowdhary,
Mahasweta Sarkar, and Sanjaya Kumar Panda
Handbook of Green Engineering Technologies for Sustainable Smart Cities
Edited by K. Saravanan and G. Sakthinathan
Green Engineering and Technology
Innovations, Design, and Architectural Implementation
Edited by Om Prakash Jena, Alok Ranjan Tripathy, and Zdzislaw Polkowski
Machine Learning and Analytics in Healthcare Systems
Principles and Applications
Edited by Himani Bansal, Balamurugan Balusamy, T. Poongodi, and Firoz Khan KP
Convergence of Blockchain Technology and E-Business:
Concepts, Applications, and Case Studies
Edited by D. Sumathi, T. Poongodi, Balamurugan Balusamy,
Bansal Himani and Firoz Khan K P
For more information about this series, please visit: www.routledge.com/Green-
Engineering-and-Technology-Concepts-and-Applications/book-series/CRCGETCA
Convergence of Blockchain
Technology and E-Business
Concepts, Applications, and
Case Studies
Edited by
D. Sumathi, T. Poongodi, Balamurugan Balusamy,
Bansal Himani, and Firoz Khan K P
First edition published 2022
by CRC Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Sumathi, D., editor.
Title: Convergence of blockchain technology and E-business : concepts, applications,
and case studies / edited by D. Sumathi, T. Poongodi, Balusamy Balamurugan, Bansal
Himani, and Firoz Khan K P.
Description: First edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2021. | Series: Green engineering and
technology : concepts and applications | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021004131 (print) | LCCN 2021004132 (ebook) |
ISBN 9780367498146 (hbk) | ISBN 9781003048107 (ebk)
Subjects: LCSH: Business—Data processing. | Electronic commerce. |
Blockchains (Databases)—Industrial applications.
Classification: LCC HF5548.2 .C6388 2021 (print) | LCC HF5548.2 (ebook) |
DDC 658/.0557—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021004131
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021004132
ISBN: 978-0-367-49814-6 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367-49919-8 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-04810-7 (ebk)
Typeset in Times
by Apex CoVantage, LLC
Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................vii
List of Editors ...........................................................................................................ix
List of Contributors ...................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Blockchain and Bitcoin Scripts ............................................................1
S. Prithi, Prabha Selvaraj, S. Suganthi and D. Sumathi
Chapter 2 An Intuitive Approach behind Distributed Ledger Technology:
An Elaborative Glance of Blockchain, Consensus Mechanisms,
and Their Applications .......................................................................27
J. Prabhudas and Pradeep Reddy CH
Chapter 3 Structure, Security Attacks, and Countermeasures in the
Blockchain Network ...........................................................................61
Karthikeyan Saminathan, Hari Kishan Kondaveeti,
and Sathya Karunanithi
Chapter 4 Electronic Voting—Cloud Storage—Smart and
Collaborative Transportation—Blockchain and
International Trading—Blockchain Business Models .......................85
Yogesh Sharma. Balusamy Balamurugan and Nidhi Sengar
Chapter 5 Blockchain-Based Smart Supply Chain Management .....................111
Annapurani Kumarappan, Annie Uthra and S. H. Shah Newaz
Chapter 6 Blockchain-Based Health Care Applications ...................................141
M.R. Manu, Namya Musthafa, Divya Menon, Sindhu S.
and Soumya Varma
Chapter 7 Developing Sustainable Solutions for Waste Management in
Smart Cities Using Blockchain ........................................................155
Jeyamala Chandrasekaran and A.M. Abirami
v
vi Contents
Chapter 8 Blockchain-Based Smart Supply Chain Management System .........173
M. Vivek Anand and S. Vijayalakshmi
Chapter 9 Enhancement of Interoperability in Health Care Information
Systems with the Pursuit of Blockchain Implementations ...............201
N.S. Gowri Ganesh, Roopa Chandrika R and A. Mummoorthy
Chapter 10 Securing the Blockchain Network from Cyberattacks .....................227
S. Vijayalakshmi, Kiran Singh, Vaishali Gupta and Savita Dahiya
Chapter 11 The Implementation of Blockchain Technology to Enhance
Online Education: A Modern Strategy ............................................253
Apeksha Singh and Abhilasha Sisodia
Index ......................................................................................................................277
Preface
The current wave in this digital world is the digital transformation that involves vari-
ous technologies like blockchain. It has a significant impending approach to expand
business processes and to construct new business models. The adoption of block-
chain in various industries has gained momentum in several domains because of
its features like trust, distributed ledger, security, and digital identities, etc. Several
consensus protocols and methods have been devised by various start-ups, organiza-
tions that are associated with the blockchain standards, and universities so that the
workload could be disseminated in terms of computation and storage and thereby
facilitate a high throughput in the transaction and a tremendous increase in scalabil-
ity. This book has been designed to address all these facts by providing information
in the form of chapters. The objective is to attract all professionals, students, and
research people from various domains through the sharing of perspectives from sev-
eral authors. It is organized as follows:
Chapter 1 starts with the basic concepts of blockchain, the architecture of the
blockchain and also illustrates in detail the blockchain escrow service.
Chapter 2 presents the consensus mechanisms and explores the behavior of the
distributed ledger in blockchain transactions.
Chapter 3 analyzes the security in each layer of the blockchain and describes
several attacks and countermeasures.
Chapter 4 discusses the intervention of blockchain in international trading, ways
of boosting the economy, and diversified business models.
Chapter 5 deals with the implication of blockchain in the Internet of Things and
presents several case studies that cover various domains like agriculture, logistics,
and the pharmacy industry.
Chapter  6 provides more information about blockchain-based health care
applications.
Chapter 7 covers the solutions for the integration of blockchain in various fields
like the management of water, energy, and waste.
Chapter 8 emphasizes the benefits of the involvement of blockchain in supply
chain management.
Chapter 9 discusses the process of blockchain interoperability and its intervention
in the health care domain.
Chapter 10 presents a holistic approach to the integration of cybersecurity and
blockchain, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, and other factors associ-
ated with the data.
Finally, Chapter 11 highlights the issues and challenges that deal with the block-
chain-based online education and learning environment.
vii

Editors
Balusamy Balamurugan has served up to the position of Associate Professor in
his 14 years of experience with VIT University, Vellore. He has completed his bach-
elors, masters and Ph.D. degrees from premier institutions. His passion is teaching,
and he adapts different design thinking principles while delivering his lectures. He
has contributed to 30 edited books on various technologies and visited more than
15 countries for his technical discourse. He has several top-notch conferences in his
resume and has published over 150 articles in peer reviewed quality journals, confer-
ences and book chapters combined. He serves on the advisory committee for several
start-ups and forums and does consultancy work for industry on Industrial IoT. He
has presented more than 175 talks in various events and symposium. He is currently
working as a professor at Galgotias University, teaching students and doing research
on blockchain and IoT.
Bansal Himani has over 14 years of wide experience in academics and the IT indus-
try. She is currently working as Assistant Professor in Jaypee Institute of Information
Technology, Noida, India and possesses many reputed certifications such as UGC
National Eligibility Test (NET), IBM Certified Academic Associate DB2 9 Database
and Application Fundamentals, Google Analytics Platform Principles by Google
Analytics Academy, E-Commerce Analytics by Google Analytics Academy and
RSA (Rational Seed Academy) and SAP-ERP professional. Her general research
interests include machine learning and data analytics, cloud computing, business
analytics, data mining and information retrieval. She has filed 4 patents and has
around 40 publications including edited books, an authored book, international jour-
nals and conferences of high repute. She has served as section editor, guest editor,
convener and session chair for various exemplary Journals and Conferences such as
SCPE, NGCT, IndiaCom, CSI Digital Life, IJAIP, JGIM, ICACCI, ICCCA, etc. and
has reviewed many research papers. She is a Life Member of various professional
societies such as CSI, ISTE, CSTA and IAENG and is an active member of IEEE
and ACM. Recently, IEEE has conferred her with Senior Membership.
Firoz Khan K P was born in Kerala, India, in 1974. He received his B.Sc. degree
in Electronics from the Bharatiyaar University, Coimbatore, India, in 1991 and mas-
ter’s degree in information technology from University of Southern Queensland,
Australia, and another master’s degree in information network and computer secu-
rity (with Honors) from New York Institute of Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE, in 2006
and 2016, respectively. He is currently working toward his Ph.D. in computer science
from the British University in Dubai, UAE. In 2001, he joined the Higher Colleges
of Technology in the Computer Information Science Department as a teaching tech-
nician and subsequently became a faculty member in 2005. He is currently holding
the position of a lecturer, with security and networking being his primary areas of
teaching. His current research fields include computer security, machine learning,
deep learning and computer networking.
ix