Control of Induction Motors (Electrical and Electronic Engineering) (Engineering)

241 Pages·2000·1.26 MB·English

by  Andrzej M. Trzynadlowski

CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTORS
ACADEMIC PRESS SERIES IN ENGINEERING
Series Editor
J. David Irwin
Auburn University
This is a series that will include handbooks, textbooks, and professional
reference books on cutting-edge areas of engineering. Also included in
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techniquesand methodsin engineering.Its objectiveis tomeet theneeds
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instructionalmaterialforteachingatboththeundergraduateandgraduate
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The series editor, J. David Irwin, is one of the best-known engineering
educators in the world. Irwin has been chairman of the electrical engi-
neering department at Auburn University for 27 years.
Published books in the series:
Embedded Microcontroller Interfacing for McoR Systems, 2000,
G. J. Lipovski
Soft Computing & Intelligent Systems, 2000, N. K. Sinha, M. M. Gupta
Introduction to Microcontrollers, 1999, G. J. Lipovski
Industrial Controls and Manufacturing, 1999, E. Kamen
DSP Integrated Circuits, 1999, L. Wanhammar
Time Domain Electromagnetics, 1999, S. M. Rao
Single-andMulti-Chip MicrocontrollerInterfacing,1999,G. J.Lipovski
Control in Robotics and Automation, 1999, B. K. Ghosh, N. Xi,
and T. J. Tarn
CONTROL OF
INDUCTION MOTORS
Andrzej M. Trzynadlowski
Department of Electrical Engineering
University of Nevada, Reno
Reno, Nevada
San Diego San Francisco New York Boston
London Sydney Tokyo
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Copyright (cid:3) 2001 by Academic Press
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00 01 02 03 04 QW 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To my wife, Dorota, and children, Bart and Nicole
Thi s Page Intentionally Lef t Blank
CONTENTS
Preface xi
1 Background 1
1.1 Induction Motors 1
1.2 Drive Systems with Induction Motors 3
1.3 Common Loads 4
1.4 Operating Quadrants 10
1.5 Scalar and Vector Control Methods 11
1.6 Summary 12
2 Construction and Steady-State Operation of
Induction Motors 15
2.1 Construction 15
2.2 Revolving Magnetic Field 17
2.3 Steady-State Equivalent Circuit 24
2.4 Developed Torque 27
vii
viii
CONTROLOFINDUCTIONMOTORS
2.5 Steady-State Characteristics 31
2.6 Induction Generator 36
2.7 Summary 40
3 Uncontrolled Induction Motor Drives 43
3.1 Uncontrolled Operation of Induction Motors 43
3.2 Assisted Starting 44
3.3 Braking and Reversing 47
3.4 Pole Changing 51
3.5 Abnormal Operating Conditions 52
3.6 Summary 54
4 Power Electronic Converters for Induction Motor
Drives 55
4.1 Control of Stator Voltage 55
4.2 Rectifiers 56
4.3 Inverters 64
4.4 Frequency Changers 69
4.5 Control of Voltage Source Inverters 71
4.6 Control of Current Source Inverters 81
4.7 Side Effects of Converter Operation in Adjustable Speed
Drives 88
4.8 Summary 91
5 Scalar Control Methods 93
5.1 Two-InductanceEquivalentCircuitsoftheInductionMotor 93
5.2 Open-Loop Scalar Speed Control (Constant Volts/Hertz) 97
5.3 Closed-Loop Scalar Speed Control 101
5.4 Scalar Torque Control 102
5.5 Summary 105
6 Dynamic Model of the Induction Motor 107
6.1 Space Vectors of Motor Variables 107
6.2 Dynamic Equations of the Induction Motor 111
6.3 Revolving Reference Frame 114
6.4 Summary 117
ix
CONTENTS
7 Field Orientation 119
7.1 Torque Production and Control in the DC Motor 119
7.2 Principles of Field Orientation 121
7.3 Direct Field Orientation 124
7.4 Indirect Field Orientation 126
7.5 Stator and Airgap Flux Orientation 129
7.6 Drives with Current Source Inverters 134
7.7 Summary 135
8 Direct Torque and Flux Control 137
8.1 Induction Motor Control by Selection of Inverter States 137
8.2 Direct Torque Control 140
8.3 Direct Self-Control 148
8.4 Space-Vector Direct Torque and Flux Control 145
8.5 Summary 157
9 Speed and Position Control 159
9.1 Variables Controlled in Induction Motor Drives 159
9.2 Speed Control 161
9.3 Machine Intelligence Controllers 164
9.4 Position Control 173
9.5 Summary 175
10 Sensorless Drives 177
10.1 Issues in Sensorless Control of Induction Motors 177
10.2 Flux Calculators 179
10.3 Speed Calculators 183
10.4 Parameter Adaptation and Self-Commissioning 191
10.5 Commercial Adjustable Speed Drives 197
10.6 Summary 200
Literature 203
GlossaryofSymbols 221
Index 225