Contribution To The Knowledge Of Reynoldsia Malloch (Diptera, Muscidae)

11 Pages·1995·4.6 MB·

by  M S Couri

PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
108(2):281-29L 1995.
Contribution to the knowledge of Reynoldsia Malloch
(Diptera: Muscidae)
Marcia Souto Couri
Departamento de Entomologia, Museu Nacional/UFRJ 20.940-040, Sao Cristovao,
Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Abstract.—Redescriptions are made oiReynoldsia Malloch and five species:
R. pectinata, R. brevitarsis, R. pteropleuralis, R. rufoapicata, andR. scutellata.
The morphology ofthe genital segments is described.
Malloch (1934) described and distin- Reynoldsia Malloch
guishedReynoldsia from otherNeotropical
Reynoldsia Malloch, 1934:210 [key], 230
Coenosiinae by the subquadrate head,
[description]; Hennig, 1965:67 [citation];
pointedupperapexoftheflagellomere, long &
Pont, 1972:36 [catalog]; Couri Lopes,
proboscis, slender, longand slightlyclavate
1985:24 [key], Carvalho etal., 1993:132.
palpus, and presence of 2 presutural dor-
socentral bristles, among other characters. Typespecies.—ReynoldsiapectinataMal-
Malloch(1934) figuredthe "forcepsandpe- loch, 1934 (orig. desig.).
nis" (Fig. 41c) oi R. rufoapicata, but no Diagnosis.—Eyes with or without small
complementary description of the genital and sparse cilia; male dichoptic; head
segments was included. Seven species were subquadrate in profile; epistome produced
originally described in Reynoldsia, and (Fig. 1); antenna with apex offlagellomere
Malloch (1934) transferedLimnophora au- 1 acutelypointed; aristawithverysmallcil-
rifera Bigot to this genus. Pont (1972) ia; palpus long, slenderwith slightlyclavate
doubtfully included one more species, Coe- apex. Prealar absent; scutellum bare below
nosia robusta Stein, in the genus. and laterally; prostemum bare; proepister-
Thisanalysisisbasedonspecimensinthe nals2;propleurals2,directedupwards,pos-
MuseuNacional (Rio deJaneiro) collection terioroneabout 2.5 timesthelength ofoth-
and material recently collected by Dr. Ste- er; katepistemals 1:1:1, forming equilateral
phen Marshall (University ofGuelph, On- triangle, lowercalypterabout 1.5-2.0 times
tario, Canada). Study of these specimens as long as upper; dorsocentrals 2:3; wings
M
made it possible to add new knowledge of with bare veins; veins R4 + 5 and 1 + 2
some species, particularly about the mor- parallelatapex. Legswithclawsandpulvilli
phology of the male and female genitalia. well developed. Hind tibia with at least 2
Some notes made by the late Dr. Daley de anterodorsal and 2 posterodorsal bristles.
OHveira Albuquerque (+ 1982) during his StemiteIbare.Male: stemiteV"U"-shaped
study oftypes in the National Museum of (Fig. 6); cereal plate and surstyli strongly
Natural History (Washington, D.C.) were developed, elongate inferiorly (Figs. 7-8);
also used. hypopygium produced, phallic complex
In this study, a full redescription oiRey- modifiedwithelongatehypandrium (Fig. 9).
noldsia pectinata, the type species, and Female: probosciswithhaustellumpartially
comparative redescriptions of four other sclerotized; prestomal teethdeveloped (Fig.
species are presented. 23); ovipositorlongwith microtrichia in all
282 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
segments; cerci long, surpassing hypoproct darkbrownwithapical 3rdorlessoffemora
(Figs. 16-17). Egg: Phaonia type (Figs. 30- and entire tibiae yellow. Abdomen grayish
31). pollinoseasthorax,withlateraldark-brown
Comments.—Reynoldsia is endemic to sub-triangular spots in all tergites, so that
southern South America. Adults range in they are largely shining black.
size from 7.0-9.0 mm. The arrangement of Male.—Bodylength 8.0 mm;winglength
the katepistemal bristles in an equilateral 7.0 mm.
triangle and the presence of microtrichiae Head.—(Fig. 1). Eyeswithverysmalland
at stemites VI and VII place this genus sparsecilia. Eyesseparated,atanteriorocel-
among the Coenosiinae, Coenosiini (sensu lilevel,byaspaceabout0.41 ofheadwidth.
Carvalho 1989). This is probably a primi- Frons with 6 pairs of long bristles. Inner
tive Coenosiinae, as evidenced by an in- vertical long, parallel and directed posteri-
cluded species with a setulose anepimeron orly, outer vertical shorter and divergent.
{R. pteropleuralis). Antenna broken in the examined specimen
(flagellomere 1 about 1.8 lengthofpedicel—
Reynoldsiapectinata Malloch Albuquerque's notes).
Figs. 1-10 r/zorax—Acrostichal presutural differ-
entiated, irregularand long, in number of4
Reynoldsia pectinata Malloch, 1934:230
in the observed specimen and a prescutelar
[key], 235-236 [description 52], 238 [Fig. pair; humerus with 5 bristles disposedas in
41a, mid femur $]\ Pont, 1972:36 [cata-
log], Carvalho et al., 1993:132. Fig. 2; presuturals 1; supralar 1; post-su-
pralar 2. Notopleuron with 2 similar bris-
Holotype. —S. Tierra del Fuego, Rio tles. Scutellum with a lateral and an apical
Grande (BMNH, London). pair ofstrong bristle. Fore femur at dorsal,
Diagnosis.—¥vons brown, strongly sil- posterodorsal, posteroventral and ventral
very pollinose; antenna with flagellomere 1 surfaces with a row ofbristles. Fore tibia at
about 1.8 as long as pedicel (Albuquerque's posterior surface with a median seta. Mid
notes); acrostichal presutural bristles differ- femur at anterior and anterodorsal surfaces
entiated; brownvittaeatacrostichalandin- with a row of bristles at basal %, antero-
tralarsurfaces, the 2 intralarvittae reaching ventral surface with a complete rowofbris-
apex ofscutellum; halter yellow with knob tles, posterior surface with 2 preapical bris-
brown;hindfemuratposteroventralsurface tles, posteroventral surface with a comb-
withcomb-likerowofbristlesatapical-3rd, like row of bristles at apical 3rd (Fig. 3).
more developed in male; hind tibia at an- Midtibiaatanterodorsal andposterior sur-
teroventral surfacewith 3 bristlesat middle faceswith 3 longbristlesatmiddle 3rd, api-
3rd, thebasaloneweaker; abdomengrayish cal bristles at all surfaces, the anteroventral
with lateral dark brown subtriangular spots andposteroventraloneslonger. Hindfemur
inalltergites, sothattheyarelargelyshining at anterodorsal, anterior, anteroventral,
black in center. Cereal plate fine (Fig. 7). ventral and posteroventral surfaces with a
Coloration.—Farafacial, parafrontal, face, row of bristles, the anterior one irregular.
lunule and genae brown, strongly silvery Hind tibia (Figs. 4-5) at anteroventral sur-
pollinose. Gena reddish-brown. Ocellartri- face with 3 bristles at middle 3rd, the basal
angle dark brown. Antenna, arista and pal- onweaker, anterodorsal surfacewith4bris-
pus dark brown. Mesonotum brown, gray tles, posterodorsal surface with 5 bristles,
pollinose, and with 3 large brown vittae at the 2nd and the 4th longer, dorsal and pos-
acrostichal and intralar surfaces. Pleurae of terodorsal surfaces with a preapical bristle,
same color of mesonotum. Calypter whit- anterior surface with 3 apical bristles and
ish. Halter yellow with knob brown. Legs ventral surface with one.
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 2 283
mm
0,5
mm
1,0
Figs. 1-10. Reynoldsiapectinata, $: 1. Head, profile; 2. Humerus, lateralview; 3. FemurII, posteriorview;
4. Tibia III, anteriorview; 5. Tibia III, posteriorview; 6. Stemite V, dorsal view; 7. Cereal plate and surstyli,
dorsal view; 8. Cereal plate, surstyli and phallic complex, lateral view; 9. Phallic complex, lateral view; 10.
Prescutum, % view.
284 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
—
Abdomen. Tergites I-IV with devel- Differs from R. pectinata as follows:
opedlateralbristlesatdiscandapex, tergite Coloration. -yiesonoXum with faint
V with a complete row of bristles at disc brown vittae; halter yellow with knob yel-
and apex. Stemite V with bristles on disc, lowish brown; abdomen grayish pollinose;
more numerous and longer at "U" arms tergites III-V with lateral quadrangular
(Fig. 6). brown spots.
Genitalia.—Cereal plate fine (Fig. 7); ae- Male.—Bodylength 7.0 mm; winglength
deagal apodeme surpassing margin of hy- 6.5 mm.
pandrium, distiphallus straight (Figs. 8-9). Head.—Eyes separated, at anterior ocelli
Material examined.—Chile: I S, Punta level, by a space about 0.45 ofhead width.
Arenas, 31 Dec 1950,R.Bassiento(MNRJ). Fronswith5 pairsoflongandstrongbristles
Comments.—Albuquerque examined one andwith 4 intercaletedfine, shortones. An-
maleandtwofemalesfromPuntadeArenas tenna with flagellomere 1 about 2.7 times
(31/XII/1950, R. Bassiento col.) and noted the length ofpedicel.
that each has three dorsocentral presutural r/zorax—Acrostichal presutural not dif-
bristles. This could complicate the generic ferentiated; humerus with 3 long bristles
diagnosis. Inthespecimenexamined(prob- disposedasanequilateraltriangle. Midand
ably the same male as studied by Albu- hindlegsbrokenintheexaminedspecimen.
querque),theextrabristleisactuallypresent Adding Malloch's description, Albuquer-
butis much shorterthan the others and not que had written in his notes (legs ofS and
aligned with them (Fig. 10). I examined no 9): mid femuratanteriorsurfacewitharow
females. ofbristles,alittlebeyondbasalhalfandwith
apreapical one; anteroventral surface in fe-
males with a series ofstrong bristles at api-
Reynoldsia brevitarsis Malloch calhalf,inmales,anteroventral,ventraland
Figs. 11-15 posteroventral surfaces with a row oflong
and fine bristles, specially atbase; posterior
Reynoldsia brevitarsis Malloch, 1934:231 surface with 2 preapical bristles. Mid tibia
[key]; 233-234 [description 5$]; Pont,
at anterior surface with 3 bristles; postero-
1972:36 [catalog], Carvalho et al, 1993:
dorsalsurfacewith 2-3bristlesatbasalhalf.
132.
Hind femur at anterior surface with a row
Holotype.—$. Argentina, Lake Guitierrez ofbristles, more developed in females; an-
(BMNH, London). teroventral surface, in females, with a row
Diagnosis.—Yrons brown, silvery polli- ofbristles; in males, anteroventral, ventral
nose; antennawith flagellomere 1 about 2.7 and posteroventral surfaces with long and
length of pedicel; acrostichal presutural fine bristles, specially at base; dorsal and
bristles not differentiated; mesonotum with posterior surfaces with an apical bristle.
brownvittae atacrostichal andintralar sur- Hind tibia at anterodorsal and posterodor-
faces, the 2 lateral ones reaching apex of sal surfaces with 3 bristles each, inserted
scutellum; halter yellow with knob yellow- almost at same level, reaching a little more
ish brown; mid and hind femora at ventral than basal half, anteroventral surface with
surface with numerous long and fine bris- 2bristles. Dorsal,anterodorsal,anterior,and
tles; hind femur at posteroventral surface anteroventral surfaces with one apical bris-
withoutacomb-likerowofbristlesatapical tle and ventral surface with 2 apical ones
3rd; hindtibiaatanteroventral surfacewith (Fig. 1 1, from Albuquerque's notes).
2 bristles; abdomen grayish pollinose; ter- Abdomen.—Ventralsurface, atapicalhalf,
gites III-Vwith lateral quadrangularbrown specially stemite V with long and curled
spots. Cereal plate large (Fig. 14) hairs (Figs. 12-13).
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 2 285
Figs. 11-15. Reynoldsiabrevitarsis, 3: 11. TibiaIII, anteriorview(fromAlbuquerque'snotes, noscale); 12.
Abdomen, lateralview; 13. StemiteV, dorsalview; 14. Cerealplateand surstyli, dorsal view; 15. Cerealplate,
surstyliandphallic complex, lateral view.
286 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
Genitalia.—Cereal plate large (Fig. 14); femuratanteriorsurfacewitharowofbris-
distiphallus large (Fig. 15). tles at basal halfand one bristle inserted at
Materialexamined.—Argentina: 1 S,Bar- apical 3rd, ventral surface with sparse long
iloche, paratypeno. 49875, RioNegro,Nov bristles at basal half, posterior surface with
1926, R. &E. Shannon. acompleterowofbristlesandwith 2preap-
ical bristles. Mid tibia at anterodorsal sur-
Reynoldsia pteropleuralis Malloch face with 3 longbristles at middle 3rd, pos-
Figs. 16-18 terior surface with 2 bristles at middle 3rd.
Hind femurat anterodorsal andanteroven-
ReynoldsiapteropleuralisMalloch, 1934:232 tral surfaces with a row oflong and sparse
[key], 237-238 [description 62], 238 [Fig. bristles. Hind tibia at anteroventral surface
41b: hind tibia, 41c: forceps and penis]; with 2 bristles at middle 3rd, anterodorsal
Pont, 1972:36 [catalog], Carvalho et al., andposterodorsal surfaceswith 3 bristlesat
1993:132.
basal half, the anterior ones weaker.
Holotype. —9. Argentina. Lake Nahul Abdomen. —Tergites I-IV with devel-
Huapi (BMNH, London). oped lateral bristles at disc and apex.
—
Diagnosis.—Frons brown, silvery polli- Genitalia. Epiproctwith areentrance on
nose; antennawith flagellomere 1 about 2.5 basalmargin; stemiteVIIwitharowofsmall
length of pedicel; acrostichal presutural spines (Figs. 16-17).
—
bristles not differentiated; brown vittae at Materialexamined. Argentinsi: 1 9, San
acrostichal and intralar surfaces, the 2 lat- MartindelosAndes, 1900 m, 28 Dec 1989.
eral ones reaching apex ofscutellum; halter S. A. Marshall.
yellow with knob black; anepimeron with Comments.—Malloch (1934: 238, Fig.
short cilia at disc; hind femur at postero- 41c) noted the peculiar male hypopygium,
ventralsurfacewithacomb-likerowofbris- acharacterthat should distinguishthis spe-
tlesatapical 3rd; hindtibiaatanteroventral cies from its congeners. The modification
surface with 2 bristles at middle 3rd; ab- ofmale phallic complex, however, is found
domen grayish pollinose with lateral quad- in all studied species.
rate dark spots in all tergites. Stemite VII
with a row of small spines (Figs. 16-17). Reynoldsia rufoapicata Malloch, 1934
Spermatheca as in Fig. 18. Figs. 19-26
Differs from R. pectinata as follows:
Reynoldsia rufoapicata Malloch, 1934:231
Coloration.—Faiafacial, parafrontal, face,
lunule, and genae brown, silvery pollinose. [key], 239 [description59], 238 [Fig. 4Id:
Halter brownish yellow with knob dark hind tibia]; Pont, 1972:36 [catalog], Car-
brown. Legs dark brown with apical halfof valho et al., 1993:133.
femora and entire tibiae yellow. Abdomen Holotype. —6. Argentina. Bariloche
grayish pollinose as thorax, with lateral (USNM, Washington).
quadrate dark spots in all tergites. Diagnosis.—Fronsdark,withwhitish-gray
Female.—Body length 9.0 mm; wing or brownish-gray dust; antenna with flagel-
length 7.5 mm. lomere 1 about 2.0 length ofpedicel; acros-
Head.—Eyes separated, at anterior ocelli tichals presutural bristles differentiated;
level, by a space about 0.38 ofhead width. brownvittaeatacrostichalsandintralarsur-
Antennawithflagellomere 1 about2.5times faces, the 2 lateral ones reaching apex of
length ofpedicel. scutellum; halter yellow with knob black;
r/zorax.—Acrostichal presutural not dif- hind femur at posteroventral surface with-
ferentiated, humerus with 3 bristles. Ane- outacomb-likerowofbristlesatapical 3rd;
pimeronwithafewfinehairsatmiddle. Mid hind tibia at anteroventral surface with 2
VOLUME NUMBER
108, 2 287
V
Figs. 16-21. Reynoldsia pteropleuralis, 2: 16. Ovipositor, dorsal view; 17. Ovipositor, ventral view; 18.
Spermatheca. Reynoldsia rufoapicata, $ and 9: 19. Stemite V, dorsal view; 20. Cereal plate and surstyli, dorsal
view; 21. Cereal plate, surstyli and phallic complex, lateral view.
288 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
Figs. 22-26. Reynoldsia rufoapicata, <3 and 2: 22. Phallic complex, lateral view; 23. Proboscis, 9; 24. Ovi-
positor, dorsal view 25. Ovipositor, ventral view; 26. Spermatheca.
1
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 2 289
bristles at middle 3rd; abdomen black, lat- this species is very similar to R. pectoralis,
eral spots more visible in female. differing mainly in the lack ofpteropleural
Differs from R. pectinata as follows: hairs, coloration on apex offemora and the
Coloration.—Farafacial, parafrons, face, apical bristling ofhind tibia.
lunuleandgenaebrown,graypollinose. Legs
dark brown with apical 3rd offemora and
entiretibiaeyellow. Abdomenblack, lateral Reynoldsia scutellata Malloch
spots more visible in female.
Male.—Bodylength 8.0 mm; winglength Reynoldsia scutellata Malloch, 1934:232
7.5 mm. [key], 234-235 [description$];Pont, 1972:
Head.—Eyes separated, at anterior ocelli 36 [catalog], Carvalho et al., 1993:133.
level, by a space about 0.40 ofhead width. Holotype. —6. Argentina, Puerto Blest
Frontal row with 8 long pairs of bristles. (BMNH, London).
—
Antenna with flagellomere 1 about 2.0-2. Diagnosis. Fronsbrown, brown dusted;
times length ofpedicel. antennawithflagellomere 1 about 3.0times
Thorax.—Mid femur at anterior surface length of pedicel; acrostichals presutural
with a row ofbristles at basal % and one at bristles differentiated; brown vittae at ac-
apical 3rd, anteroventral surfacewith arow rostichalsandintralarsurfaces,noneofthem
of bristles at basal half, posterior surface reaching scutellum, which is uniformly
with 2 preapical bristles. Mid tibia at an- brownish-gray;halterbrownish-yellow;tro-
terodorsal surface with 3 long bristles at chanters yellow; hind femur at posteroven-
middle 3rd, posteriorsurfacewith 2bristles tralsurfacewithoutacomb-likerowofbris-
at middle 3rd. Hind femur at anterior sur- tlesatapical 3rd; hindtibiaatanteroventral
face with 3 bristles at middle 3rd, antero- surface with 1 bristle at middle 3rd; abdo-
dorsal surface with a complete row ofbris- men grayish with lateral dark-brown sub-
tles, anteroventral surface with a row of triangular spots in all tergites.
bristles at basal % and one bristle at apical Differs from R. pectinata as follows:
3rd. Hind tibia at anterodorsal and pos- Coloration.-Farafrontal, frons and lu-
terodorsal surfaceswith 3 bristlesat middle nule brownish yellow. Parafacial and gena
3rd, anteroventral surface with 2 bristles at silvery pollinose. Gena brown at vibrissal
middle 3rd. level. Mesonotum with the lateral brown
Abdomen.—StemiteVwithanteriorcon- vittae not continuingto scutellum, which is
cavity deep (Fig. 19). entirely brownish gray. Halter brownish-
Genitalia.—CQTcal plate straight; surstyli yellow. Trochantersyellow. Abdomengray,
longer than cereal plate (Figs. 20, 21, and tergites III and IV with very faint lateral
22). brown spots.
Female.—Body length 7.0 mm; wing Female.—Body length 7.0 mm; wing
length 8.0 mm. Similar to male. length 6.5 mm.
Genitalia.—Epiproctcompletelydivided; Head.—Eyes separated by a space about
stemiteVIIwithrowofshortspinesineach 0.55 ofhead width, at anterior ocelli level.
side (Figs. 24-25). Spermatheca as in Fig. Thorax.—Humerus with 2 bristles, the
26. outer one longer. Fore femur at postero-
Materialexamined.—Argentina: 6 6, 3 9, dorsal and posteroventral surfaces with a
San Martin de los Andes, slope of Cerro row ofbristles. Fore tibia at posterior sur-
Chapelco, 1.500 m, 28 Nov 1989. S. A. face with a median bristle. Mid femur at
Marshall (MNRJ). anterior surface with 4 sparsed bristles at
Comments.—MaWoch (1934) stated that basal half, ventral surface with 3 bristles at
290 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
Figs. 27-3L Reynoldsia trochanterata, 9: 27. Ovipositor, dorsal view; 28. Ovipositor, ventral view; 29.
Spermatheca; 30. Egg; 31. Egg, lateralview.