Contentious Cities: Design and the Gendered Production of Space

267 Pages·2021·19.785 MB·English

by  Jess Berry (editor), Timothy Moore (editor), Nicole Kalms (editor), Gene Bawden (editor)

Contentious Cities
Contentious Cities offers unique interdisciplinary approaches to understanding
gendered spatial equity in the urban environment. Positioning design as a
central component in how cities produce, construct, represent, and mate-
rialise gendered spatial practices, it brings together practice and theory to
critique, question, and enable solutions that challenge the root causes of gen-
der inequalities in cities. Through a rich array of case studies, practice-led
interventions, and historical and theoretical perspectives, it examines impor-
tant issues that affect the ways in which women, and people of diverse gender
and sexual identities experience and participate in cities. Thematically organ-
ised, it considers problems of street harassment, heterosexualisation, and eq-
uity in access and mobility, together with modes of segregation, isolation, and
discrimination, as well as processes of resistance, intervention, and agency.
Grounded in feminist and queer methods of analysis, this book offers new
insights regarding the representation of cities, the lived experience of cities,
and how design tactics and approaches might affect the ways cities shape
and regulate how women and people of diverse gender and sexual identities
inhabit, occupy, and move through the city. An examination of the ways in
which design might shift toward safer and more inclusive cities, Contentious
Cities will appeal to scholars of sociology, gender studies, and urban studies,
as well as those working in the fields of urban planning and design.
Jess Berry is a senior lecture in design history and theory at Monash Uni-
versity, Australia and the author of House of Fashion: Haute Couture and the
Modern Interior.
Timothy Moore is a lecturer in the Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture
at Monash University, Australia.
Nicole Kalms is the founding director at XYX Lab and an associate pro-
fessor in the Faculty of Art, Design and Architecture at Monash University,
Australia. She is the author of Hypersexual City.
Gene Bawden is a communication designer, co-director of XYX Lab, and head
of Design at Monash University, Australia. He is the author of Comfort and Judge-
ment: Nineteenth Century Advice Manuals and the Scripting of Australian Identity.
Gender, Bodies and Transformation
Series editor: Meredith Jones,
Brunel University London, UK
This series explores the intersection of two key themes in relation to scholar-
ship on bodies: gender and transformation. Bodies are gendered via biology,
culture, medicine and society, such that gender, so deeply and intimately
connected to identity, is a crucial part of any thorough analysis of the body.
At the same time, bodies are – and have always been – sites of transformation,
whether through ‘natural’ processes such as pregnancy, illness and ageing, or
the more eye-catching, ‘unnatural’ transformations of cosmetic surgery, vi-
olence, extreme bodybuilding or dieting, cross-species transplantation, elec-
tive amputation or tattooing.
Interdisciplinary in scope and welcoming work from a range of approaches,
including cultural and media studies, sociology, gender studies, feminist the-
ory, phenomenology, queer studies and ethnography, Gender, Bodies and
Transformation publishes scholarly examinations of contemporary cultural
changes that are relevant to both gender and the transformation of bodies,
whether in single bodies or between bodies.
Also in the series
The Emergence of Trans
Cultures, Politics and Everyday Lives
Edited by Ruth Pearce, Igi Moon, Kat Gupta and Deborah Lynn Steinberg
Negotiating Thinness Online
The Cultural Politics of Pro-anorexia
Gemma Cobb
Contentious Cities
Design and the Gendered Production of Space
Edited by Jess Berry, Timothy Moore, Nicole Kalms and Gene Bawden
For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge.
com/Gender-Bodies-and-Transformation/book-series/ASHSER1393
Contentious Cities
Design and the Gendered Production
of Space
Edited by
Jess Berry, Timothy Moore,
Nicole Kalms and Gene Bawden
First published 2021
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
52 Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2021 selection and editorial matter, Jess Berry, Timothy
Moore, Nicole Kalms and Gene Bawden; individual chapters, the
contributors
The right of Jess Berry, Timothy Moore, Nicole Kalms and Gene
Bawden to be identified as the authors of the editorial material,
and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in
accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and
Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A catalog record has been requested for this book
ISBN: 978-0-367-52019-9 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-05606-5 (ebk)
Typeset in Bembo
by codeMantra
Contents
List of figures viii
List of contributors xi
Acknowledgements xv
1 Introduction: contentious cities 1
JESS BERRY WITH TIMOTHY MOORE, NICOLE KALMS,
AND GENE BAWDEN
2 Colonial imaginaries reimagined 10
GENE BAWDEN AND BRIAN MARTIN
Visual essays overview: 01 Collaboration in action 26
PART ONE
Sex on the streets 31
3 Introduction: sex on the streets 33
NICOLE KALMS
4 Embodied geographies: navigating street harassment 37
BIANCA FILEBORN
5 Pornographication and heterosexualisation in public space 49
MADDY COY AND MEAGAN TYLER
6 (In)visible sites of the sex industry: massage parlours
and the construction of space 60
TEGAN LARIN
vi Contents
7 Gender transport inequalities in Malaysia and
Pakistan: barriers to female mobility 71
YONG ADILAH SHAMSUL HARUMAIN, DEANA McDONAGH,
ANDREE WOODCOCK, NIKMATUL ADHA NORDIN AND KOMAL FAIZ
8 A glitch in the system: deconstructing
JCDecaux|decoding Suitsupply 84
GABRIEL A. MAHER AND ROBERTO PÉREZ GAYO
9 Lived experience: participatory practices for gender-
sensitive spaces and places 102
NICOLE KALMS AND GENE BAWDEN
Visual essays overview: 02 Write now 115
PART TWO
Histories of the gendered city 119
10 Introduction: histories of the gendered city 121
GENE BAWDEN
11 The non-sexist city: then and now 126
JUSTINE LLOYD
12 Catwalking the city: the pleasures and politics of
fashioning the metropolis 137
JESS BERRY
13 Butch on the streets: the butch flâneur and the
queering of the city 149
AMY TOOTH MURPHY
14 Queering tactics: two case studies in Oakland, California 161
STATHIS G. YEROS
Visual essays overview: 03 The [un]built 171
PART THREE
The trouble with queer spaces 175
15 Introduction: the trouble with queer spaces 177
TIMOTHY MOORE
Contents vii
16 Queering architecture: Simona Castricum and
Timothy Moore in conversation 182
TIMOTHY MOORE AND SIMONA CASTRICUM
17 Beyond design education: queering pedagogies of space 194
OLIVIER VALLERAND
18 Beyond queer solidarity in Hong Kong: migrant
domestic workers and trans spaces 204
MARRZ SALUDEZ BALAORO AND MERVE BEDIR
19 Negotiating gender-diverse realities built on binary
expectations: public toilets in Britain 216
LO MARSHALL
Visual essays overview: 04 Co-design cover 234
Glossary of contention 239
Index 245
Figures
2.1 Collins Street, Town of Melbourne (1839). Attributed to
William Knight National Library of Australia 12
2.2 Native Dignity (1860), Samuel Thomas (ST) Gill. 15
2.3 Home Again (1884), Frederick McCubbin. Oil on
Canvas, 85.0 × 123.0 cm, National Gallery of Victoria,
Melbourne. Purchased through The Art Foundation of
Victoria with the assistance of G. J. Coles and Company
Pty Ltd, Governor, 1981 Photo: National Gallery of
Victoria, Melbourne 17
2.4 A Game of Euchre (1876), Joseph Colin (JCF) Francis.
Australasian Sketcher, December 25, 1876, National
Library of Australia 19
2.5 The Pioneer (1904) Frederick McCubbin. Oil on Canvas.
225.0 × 295.7 cm National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne.
Felton Bequest, 1906. Photo: National Gallery of Victoria,
Melbourne 22
6.1 A map of the local government area of Darebin, showing
geographic locations of massage businesses compared
to licensed brothels. Total 40 massage businesses, 31
with either ad or review, 9 had no ad or review. There
are two licensed brothels. Map data: Google, MapTiler,
OpenStreetMap contributors 63
6.2 A total of 165 massage businesses were located across the
5 local government areas surveyed. One hundred and
seventeen were considered likely to provide sexual services 63
6.3 An analysis of 117 massage businesses considered likely
to provide sexual services showed that 115 had covered
windows, 91 had LED lights, and 56 made a visual
reference to ‘Asia’ 64
7.1 Single female traveller compared to the group of females
Lahore (Pakistan). Photo: Komal Faiz 74
7.2 Women’s transport in Lahore (Pakistan). WEMOBILE Project 75
Figures ix
7.3 Women travelling in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia).
WEMOBILE Project 77
8.1 Author generated montage based on the following Suit
Supply campaign images: SS ‘Shameless’ (2010); SS
Campaign (2014); SS ‘Into the Blue’ (2015); SS ‘Toy Boys’
(2016); SS ‘Your Perfect Fit (2018). Image: Gabriel A.
Maher & Roberto Pérez Gayo 87
8.2 Map of JC Decaux bus and tram stop distribution,
Amsterdam. Image: Gabriel A. Maher & Roberto Pérez Gayo 88
8.3 Documentation of the interface of the site and environment
classification software 90
8.4 CAFAS geomarketing. Image: Gabriel A. Maher &
Roberto Pérez Gayo 91
8.5 Documented social media images of vandalisms to
JCDecaux street furniture. Image: Gabriel A. Maher &
Roberto Pérez Gayo 94
8.6 SuitSupply blue print. Image: Gabriel A. Maher & Roberto
Pérez Gayo 97
8.7 SuitSupply ‘Kiss’. Image: Gabriel A. Maher & Roberto
Pérez Gayo 98
9.1 Women and gender-diverse people are viewed as
experts in their own lived experience. The co-design
process diminishes the power structures between clients,
stakeholders and designers. Monash University XYX Lab 106
9.2 Design thinking tools designed by the Monash University
XYX Lab are designed to address the unique needs of the
design problem. Monash University XYX Lab 108
9.3 Stories from women, girls and gender-diverse people are
used by the Monash University XYX Lab as points of
departure for understanding issues and designing solutions.
Monash University XYX Lab 108
9.4 The process of co-design and ‘co-making’ means
that participants generate solutions together and the
collaboration deepens connections between designers and
non-designers. Monash University XYX Lab 110
9.5 Two- and three-dimensional prompts are used to activate
the participatory process. The communal model making
allows participants to uncover a range of possible solutions
and futures. Monash University XYX Lab 111
11.1 Infographic: what would a contemporary Australian
version of Hayden’s HOMES (Homemakers Organization
for a More Egalitarian Society) look like? 131
12.1 ‘Photographs of the Suffrage Parade’ Vogue, 39: 11, June 1,
1912: 24 140
12.2 George Lepape/Vogue Cover March 15, 1927 © Condé Nast 142