Contemporary Switzerland: Revisiting the Special Case

372 Pages·2005·3.847 MB·English

by  Hanspeter Kriesi, Peter Farago, Martin Kohli, Milad Zarin-Nejadan (eds.)

Contemporary Switzerland
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Contemporary Switzerland
Revisiting the Special Case
Edited by
Hanspeter Kriesi
Peter Farago
Martin Kohli
and
Milad Zarin-Nejadan
Selection and editorial matter © Hanspeter Kriesi, Peter Farago,
Martin Kohli and Milad Zarin-Nejadan 2005
Individual chapters © contributors 2005
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2005 978-1-4039-4798-7
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this
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as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published 2005 by
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Contemporary Switzerland:revisiting the special case/edited by
Hanspeter Kriesi...[etal.].
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 1–4039–4798–8 (cloth)
1. Labor market—Switzerland. 2. Switzerland—Social
conditions—1945– 3. Switzerland—Politics and
government—1945– I. Kriesi, Hanspeter
HN603.5.C64 2005
306′.09494—dc22 2004063296
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05
Contents
List of Figures vii
List of Tables ix
Notes on the Contributors xi
Preface xviii
Introduction 1
Part I The Swiss Way of Life
1 Relative Deprivation and Well-being: Switzerland in a
Comparative Perspective 9
Christian Suter and Katia Iglesias
2 What Pluralization of the Life Course? An Analysis of Personal
Trajectories and Conjugal Interactions in Contemporary
Switzerland 38
Eric Widmer, Jean Kellerhals and René Levy
3 Facets of Emotion Regulation in Families with
Adolescents: A New Research Approach 61
Meinrad Perrez, Dörte Watzek, Gisela Michel, Dominik Schoebi,
Peter Wilhelm and Yves Hänggi
4 The Impact of Social Inequalities on Personal Health 81
Monica Budowski and Annette Scherpenzeel
Part II The Swiss Labour Market
5 Long-Term Dynamics of Skill Demand in Switzerland, 1950–2000 105
Stefan Sacchi, Alexander Salvisberg and Marlis Buchmann
6 Information Technology, Workplace Organization and the
Demand for Employees of Different Education Levels: Firm-Level
Evidence for the Swiss Economy 135
Spyros Arvanitis
7 Young Adults Entering the Workforce in Switzerland:
Working Conditions and Well-Being 163
Norbert K. Semmer, Franziska Tschan, Achim Elfering, Wolfgang Kälin
and Simone Grebner
v
vi Contents
8 The Erosion of Regular Work: An Analysis of the Structural
Changes in the Swiss and German Labour Markets 190
Andreas Diekmann and Ben Jann
Part III Political Institutions
9 Internationalization and Domestic Politics: Evidence from
the Swiss Case 221
Pascal Sciarini and Sarah Nicolet
10 Reforming the Swiss Municipalities: Efficiency or Democracy? 239
Andreas Ladner and Reto Steiner
11 The Lost Dimension of Swiss Federalism: Democracy Problems
of New Regionalism in Metropolitan Areas 256
Daniel Kübler
12 Sustainable Fiscal Policy in a Federal System: Switzerland as an
Example
Lars P. Feld and Gebhard Kirchgässner 281
References 297
Index 329
List of Figures
1.1 Necessities: percentage of persons considering the listed
items ‘absolutely necessary’ for decent living 17
1.2 Actual standard of living: percentage of persons who can
afford the listed items 18
1.3 Level of deprivation (mean PDI) by quintiles of equivalent
income 21
2.1 Men’s trajectory type ‘Dominant’ 43
2.2 Men’s trajectory type ‘Minority’ 44
2.3 Women’s trajectory type ‘Homemaker’ 45
2.4 Women’s trajectory type ‘Full-time worker’ 45
2.5 Women’s trajectory type ‘Part-time worker’ 46
2.6 Women’s trajectory type ‘Back-to-employment’ 47
3.1 Estimated time-related effects on emotional state, when
situational and psychological factors are controlled 68
3.2 Influence of different settings on well-being, deviance
from mean 69
3.3 Functionality of interpersonal emotion regulation behaviour
in different settings 77
4.1 General three-wave causal model of health 89
5.1 Observed and expected trends in the job market for farmers
and salespeople 117
5.2 Observed and expected trends in the job market for office
and administrative staff 119
5.3 Observed and expected trends in the job market for unskilled
workers 121
5.4 Observed and expected trends in the job market for highly
skilled workers 124
A5.1 Advertised jobs for unskilled workers 131
7.1 Stressors and resources at work 167
7.2 Appreciation received at work 169
7.3 Well-being 170
7.4 Worries about the future 171
7.5 Task stressors for five professions 172
7.6 Social support at work for five professions 173
7.7 Job control for five professions 174
7.8 Resigned attitude towards one’s job for five professions 175
7.9 Positive attitude towards life for five professions 176
7.10 Sex differences in well-being 177
7.11 Sex differences in future plans 178
vii
viii List of Figures
7.12 Resigned attitude towards one’s job: language differences 179
7.13 Irritability: language differences 180
7.14 Resigned attitude towards one’s job: language differences,
controlling for work characteristics 181
7.15 Irritability: language differences, controlling for work
characteristics 182
7.16 Self-esteem: language differences 183
7.17 Change of employer and job satisfaction 184
7.18 Change of profession and work characteristics 185
7.19 Change of profession and well-being 186
7.20 Well-being: influences from work, private life, and personality 187
8.1 Regular work in Switzerland from 1991 to 2003 196
8.2 Regular work in Switzerland from 1970 to 2000 198
8.3 Age-dependent rate of regular work in Switzerland from
1970 to 2000 200
8.4 Regular work in Germany from 1985 to 2002 203
9.1 Predicted probabilities of a successful launching of a facultative
referendum, as a function of the importance and
internationalization of a legislative act 229
10.1 Triggers of reform processes according to assessments by the
municipal secretaries (case studies) 249
10.2 Goals of the reform projects (case studies) 253
List of Tables
1.1 Relative deprivation (PDI) in four European countries 20
1.2 Mean of individual and societal well-being and their
components 24
1.3 Determinants of individual and societal well-being 26
A1.1 List of variables 31
A1.2 Factorial analysis for well-being 33
A1.3 Determinants of individual well-being 34
A1.4 Determinants of societal well-being 36
2.1 Results of cluster analysis based on responses from both
partners 49
2.2 Conjugal conflict, conjugal quality and styles of conjugal
interactions 52
2.3 Multinomial logistic regressions modelling the probability of
exhibiting a given trajectory-type and a given style of
conjugal interactions 54
3.1 FASEM-C information types and item types 65
4.1 Effects on health: standardized regression weights 92
4.2 Stability of the variables in the model 95
A5.1 Overall employment and advertised jobs by industry 130
6.1 Percentage of firms with decreasing, unchanged or increasing
shares of employees with different levels of vocational
education, 1997–2000 141
6.2 Formal education of employees in Swiss business sector, 1999 141
6.3 Full model: determinants of the employment shares of
highly educated, middle-educated and low-educated
employees, 1999 146
6.4 Determinants of the employment shares of highly educated,
middle-educated and low-educated employees, 1999 150
6.5 Determinants of the employment share of highly educated,
middle-educated and low-educated employees 152
6.6 Survey of recent empirical literature 155
A6.1 Composition of the data set 161
7.1 Project description 165
A8.1 Distribution of employment forms in Switzerland from
1991 to 2003 209
A8.2 Distribution of employment forms in Switzerland from
1970 to 2000 212
A8.3 Distribution of employment forms in Germany from
1985 to 2002 (West German states only) 214
ix