Contemporary Research in Population Geography: A Comparison of the United Kingdom and The Netherlands

244 Pages·1989·14.52 MB·English

by  John Stillwell, Henk Scholten (auth.), John Stillwell, Henk J. Scholten (eds.)

CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH IN POPULATION GEOGRAPHY
The GeoJournal Library
Volume 14
Series Editor: WOLF TIETZE, Helmstedt, FR Germany
Editorial Board:
John E. Bardach, USA W. Lauer, FR Germany
Pierre Biays, France Richard F. Logan, USA
Asit Biswas, UK Walther Manshard, FR Germany
EI-Sayed EI-Bushra, Sudan German MOiler, FR Germany
Cesar N. Caviedes, USA Hiroshi Sasaki, Japan
J. Demek, CSSR Akira Suwa, Japan
Reinhold Furrer, Germany JOrn Thiede, FR Germany
Yehuda Gradus, Israel Mostafa K. Tolba, UNEP
Arild Holt-Jensen, Norway H. Th. Verstappen, Netherlands
Huang Ping-wei, China Wu Chuan-jun, China
P. M. Kelly, UK E. M. Yates, UK
C. Kergomard, France M. M. Yoshino, Japan
C. Gregory Knight, USA Alexander Zaporozec, USA
Vladimir Kotlyakov, USSR
The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume.
Contemporary
Research in
Population Geography
A Comparison of the United Kingdom
and The Netherlands
Edited by
John Stillwell
School of Geography, The University of Leeds,
Leeds, United Kingdom
and
Henk J. Scholten
Ministry of Housing, Physical Planning & Environment,
The Hague, The Netherlands
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Contemporary research in population geography: a comparison of the
United Kingdom and the Netherlands / edited by John Stillwell and
Henk J. Scholten.
p. cm. -- (GeoJourna 1 1 ibraryl
Based on a conference held in 1985 in Oxford. England.
Includes bibliographical references.
ISBN-13:976-94-010-6952-6 e-ISBN-13:976-94-009-1025-6
om: 10.1007/976-94-009-1025-6
1. Great Britain--Population--Congresses. 2. Migration. Internal
-Great Britain--Congresses. 3. Netherlands--Population--Congresses.
4. Migration. Internal--Netherlands--Congresses. 5. Population
geography--Congresses. I. Stillwell. John. II. Scholten. H. J.
(Henk J. I III. Series.
HB3583.CSS 1989
304.S·0941--dc20 89-36643
ISBN -13 :978-94-010-6952-6
Published by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Kluwer Academic Publishers incorporates
the publishing programmes of
D. Reidel, Martinus Nijhoff, Dr W. Junk and MTP Press.
Sold and distributed in the U.S.A. and Canada
by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, U.S.A.
In all other countries, sold and distributed
by Kluwer Academic Publishers Group,
P.O. Box 322, 3300 AH Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
printed on acid free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 1989 by Kluwer Academic Publishers
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1989
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
To our families
Preface
Significant changes have occured in the structural composition and geographical distribu
tion of the populations of North West European countries during the 1970's and 1980's.
Whilst the subject matter of this volume reflects many of the important themes of research
activity that have preoccupied British and Dutch spatial demographers and population
geographers over the last decade, the structure of the book aims to facilitate comparison of
those selected themes between the United Kingdom and the Netherlands.
The book has gradually taken shape over the period of time since the conference in Oxford,
in 1986, when the contents were first presented. We are very grateful for the assistance that
we have received during the production process from Marjie Salisbury, Tim Hadwin and
John Dixon at the School of Geography, University of Leeds; from Annemieke Perquin at
the National Physical Planning Agency in The Hague; and from Evert Meijer, Elmy
Heuvelmans and Berry van Houten at GEODAN in Amsterdam.
We also wish to acknowledge the contributions to the field of population geography that have
been made in recent years by John Coward, who died so tragically in the Ke gworth air disaster
earlier this year.
John Stillwell and Henk Scholten
Amsterdam
March,1989
vii
CONTENTS
Preface vii
List of tables xv
List of figures xix
List of contributors xxi
1 Comparative research, selected themes and data characteristics
John Stillwell and Henk Scholten
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Themes and content 3
1.3 Data sources and spatial systems 9
1.4 Conclusions 16
PART I COMPONENTS OF POPULATION CHANGE
2 Population projection: Dutch and English multi regional methods 19
Philip Rees and Frans Willekens
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 Forecasting requirements 19
2.3 Multiregional population modelling: the bare necessities 22
2.4 Projection models 25
2.5 Conclusions 35
3 The components of natural change 39
3.1 Introduction 39
3.1 The United Kingdom 40
John Coward
3.2 Spatial variability 40
3.3 Crude rates at county and district level 41
3.4 Spatial variations in standardized rates 45
3.5 Conclusion 51
x CONTENTS
3.II The Netherlands 52
Loek Kapoen and Nico Keilman
3.6 Fertility at national level 52
3.7 Fertility rates at provincial and COROP-region level 53
3.8 National life expectancy and mortality 57
3.9 Mortality at provincial and COROP-region level 59
3.10 Conclusion 61
4 Internal migration 63
4.1 Introduction 63
4.I The United Kingdom 64
John Stillwell and Peter Boden
4.2 Migration data: transitions and moves 64
4.3 The level of migration 65
4.4 Spatial characteristics of migration 71
4.5 Conclusion 75
4.II The Netherlands 75
Henk Scholten and Rob van de Velde
4.6 Spatial interaction models 76
4.7 A descriptive model of internal migration 77
4.8 The components of migration 78
4.9 A view of the future 85
PART II SPECIFIC MIGRATION STREAMS
5 Labour migration 89
5.1 Introduction 89
5.I Socio-economic selectivity in labour migration in Great Britain 90
John Salt and Robin Flowerdew
5.2 Patterns of occupational migration 90
5.3 Explanations of socio-economic migration differentials 93
5.4 Vacancy filling and migration 95
5.5 Internal labour markets and occupational mobility: two case studies 98
5.6 Conclusion 101
CONTENTS xi
5.Il Selective migration in the Dutch labour force 102
Peter Doorn
5.7 Scale and distance in regional migration 102
5.8 Internal migration and the changing distribution of the population 103
5.9 Selective mobility based on socio-demographic and economic disaggregation 107
5.10 Conclusion 114
6 Racism and international migration 117
Peter Jackson
6.1 Introduction 117
6.2 Immigration to the Netherlands 118
6.3 Government response 120
6.4 Immigration to Britain 122
6.5 Immigration, government control and labour demand 123
6.6 The racialization of migrant labour and the politicization of race 125
6.7 Conclusion 127
7 Migration of the elderly 129
Dick Vergoossen and Tony Warnes
7.1 Introduction 129
7.2 Migration rates by age 130
7.3 Levels and trends in later age migration 131
7.4 Marital status and migration rates 133
7.5 Net migration and settlement size and type 137
7.6 The geography oflate age migration 139
7.7 Conclusion 142
PART ITI POPULATION, HOUSEHOLDS AND HOUSING
8 Demographic change, household evolution and housing needs 147
8.1 Introduction 147
xii CONTENTS
8.1 England and Wales 148
Emily Grundy
8.2 Life cycle stages in household formation and development 148
8.3 Secular changes in housing consumption 149
8.4 Household formation by the young 150
8.5 Demographic trends in housing demand 151
8.6 Conclusions 157
8.Il The Netherlands 158
Pieter Hooimeijer and Marianne Linde
8.7 The data set 158
8.8 Household evolution and the housing market 159
8.9 Household changes during the life cycle 160
8.10 Household composition and housing needs 167
8.11 Conclusions 171
9 Residential mobility 173
9.1 Introduction 173
9.1 Residential mobility and tenure in Scottish cities 175
Elspeth Graham
9.2 The Scottish context 17 5
9.3 Characteristics of moves and migrants 177
9.4 Tenure and mobility 183
9.5 Conclusion 186
9.Il Intra-urban migration in the Netherlands and processes of neighbourhood 187
change
Pieter Everaers and Sako Musterd
9.6 Intra-urban migration: the present situation and expected developments in
the housing market and neighbourhood change 187
9.7 The influence of local government policy and the residential environment on
residtmtial mobility 191
9.8 Conclusion 196