Contemporary Morphological Theories: A User’s Guide

192 Pages·2016·1.992 MB·English

by  Thomas W. Stewart

‘Using extensive resources, meticulous research and a sophisticated conceptual
framework, Elvire Corboz has given us an innovative study of transnational t
Shi‘ism. She offers a fascinating portrait of the ways in which the Shi‘i clergy uses o
institutional and philanthropic networks to construct and maintain its authority
o
across national borders. The rich, nuanced and ecumenical portrait of the Shi‘i
marja‘iyya in Guardians of Shi‘ismprovides an important palliative to the sectarian
b
lens that is all too often used to interpret Shi‘ism in a narrow political and stereo-
i
typical manner.’
g
Eric Davis, Department of Political Science, Rutgers University

t
A study of Shi‘ism explaining the transnational constitution of
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clerical authority
8

s
For centuries, the Shi‘i religious establishment has come to represent the e
quintessential transnational actor. How is clerical authority established and e
maintained across borders? This book explores the potential of transnational
linkages in shaping leadership patterns in contemporary Shi‘ism. Through the lens
of two families of religious scholars, it compares the multifaceted roles played by
clerics with narratives about the traditional system of religious authority, political
organisations and international charities. The book maps clerical networks and
their encounters with communities and states across the Middle East, the Indian
sub-continent, South-East Asia and the West. This multi-sited approach aims to
clarify the local and transnational dynamics that underpin clerical authority.
Key Features
• Enhances our understanding of Muslim authority through a sociological
analysis of the networking, philanthropic and political practices of Shi‘i l
e
clerical actors across borders
s
h
• Includes case studies of two prominent families of religious scholars
u
(al-Hakim and al-Khu’i) to show the continued relevance of Shi‘i clerics

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to Muslim politics and society
o
• Deconstructs homogenising views of transnational Shi‘ism by r
Contemporary
c
comprehending and localising cross-border religious networks in and beyond
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the Middle East
i
n Morphological Theories
Elvire Corboz earned a DPhil from Wadham College, University of Oxford and has
held positions at Princeton University and Rutgers University.
A User’s Guide
Cover image: Sayyid ‘Ammar al-Hakim at Al-Hakim Family shrine in Najaf © Al-Hakim Foundation.
Cover design: www.hayesdesign.co.uk
ISBN 978-0-7486-9267-5
Thomas W. Stewart
www.euppublishing.com

Contemporary Morphological
Theories
To Nina, our dearest friend and companion. Always.
Contemporary Morphological
Theories
A User’s Guide
Thomas W. Stewart
© Thomas W. Stewart, 2016
Edinburgh University Press Ltd
The Tun – Holyrood Road
12(2f) Jackson’s Entry
Edinburgh EH8 8PJ
www.euppublishing.com
Typeset in 10/12pt Adobe Garamond by
Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Stockport, Cheshire,
and printed and bound in Great Britain by
CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon CR0 4YY
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978 0 7486 9267 5 (hardback)
ISBN 978 0 7486 9269 9 (webready PDF)
ISBN 978 0 7486 9268 2 (paperback)
ISBN 978 0 7486 9270 5 (epub)
The right of Thomas W. Stewart to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted
in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, and the Copyright and
Related Rights Regulations 2003 (SI No. 2498).
Grateful acknowledgement is made for permission to reproduce material previously
published elsewhere. Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders, but if any
have been inadvertently overlooked, the publisher will be pleased to make the necessary
arrangements at the first opportunity.
Contents
Acknowledgements viii
Abbreviations ix
Foreword xi
1 Opening the discussion 1
1.1 Morphology: what, and why? 1
1.2 Theory and metatheory 3
1.3 The continua: how to interpret a table 4
1.3.1 Morpheme- based versus word/lexeme- based 5
1.3.2 Formalist versus functionalist 5
1.3.3 In- grammar versus in- lexicon 6
1.3.4 Phonological versus syntactic formalism 7
1.3.5 Incremental versus realisational 7
1.4 The road ahead 8
2 Theory profiles 10
2.0 A brief prologue 10
2.1 A- Morphous Morphology 10
2.2 Autolexical Syntax/Automodular Grammar 15
2.3 Categorial Morphology 22
2.4 Construction Morphology 26
2.5 Distributed Morphology 32
2.6 Lexeme–Morpheme Base Morphology 38
2.7 Lexical Morphology and Phonology/Stratal Optimality Theory 42
2.8 Minimalist Morphology 47
2.9 Natural Morphology 52
2.10 The Network Model 59
2.11 Network Morphology 63
2.12 Paradigm Function Morphology 67
2.13 Prosodic Morphology 72
2.14 Word- based Morphology 76
vi Contemporary Morphological Theories
2.15 Word Syntax 81
2.16 Overview 84
3 Time for a test drive: putting descriptive frameworks through
their paces 90
3.0 Purpose of this chapter 90
3.1 Scottish Gaelic nouns: initial consonant mutation 90
3.1.1 A- Morphous Morphology 91
3.1.2 Autolexical Syntax/Automodular Grammar 93
3.1.3 Categorial Morphology 94
3.1.4 Construction Morphology 95
3.1.5 Distributed Morphology 97
3.1.6 Lexeme–Morpheme Base Morphology 98
3.1.7 Lexical Morphology and Phonology/
Stratal Optimality Theory 99
3.1.8 Minimalist Morphology 100
3.1.9 Natural Morphology 101
3.1.10 The Network Model 102
3.1.11 Network Morphology 104
3.1.12 Paradigm Function Morphology 105
3.1.13 Prosodic Morphology 107
3.1.14 Word- based Morphology 109
3.1.15 Word Syntax 110
3.1.16 What is at stake here? 111
3.2 Georgian verbs: agreement marker disjunctivity 112
3.2.1 A- Morphous Morphology 113
3.2.2 Autolexical Syntax/Automodular Grammar 114
3.2.3 Categorial Morphology 114
3.2.4 Construction Morphology 115
3.2.5 Distributed Morphology 118
3.2.6 Lexeme–Morpheme Base Morphology 119
3.2.7 Lexical Morphology and Phonology/
Stratal Optimality Theory 120
3.2.8 Minimalist Morphology 120
3.2.9 Natural Morphology 121
3.2.10 The Network Model 122
3.2.11 Network Morphology 122
3.2.12 Paradigm Function Morphology 123
3.2.13 Prosodic Morphology 125
3.2.14 Word- based Morphology 125
3.2.15 Word Syntax 126
3.2.16 What is at stake here? 126
3.3 Sanskrit gerunds: prefix–suffix interaction 128
3.3.1 A- Morphous Morphology 129
Contents vii
3.3.2 Autolexical Syntax/Automodular Grammar 130
3.3.3 Categorial Morphology 131
3.3.4 Construction Morphology 132
3.3.5 Distributed Morphology 132
3.3.6 Lexeme- Morpheme Base Morphology 133
3.3.7 Lexical Morphology and Phonology/
Stratal Optimality Theory 135
3.3.8 Minimalist Morphology 136
3.3.9 Natural Morphology 137
3.3.10 The Network Model 138
3.3.11 Network Morphology 139
3.3.12 Paradigm Function Morphology 141
3.3.13 Prosodic Morphology 143
3.3.14 Word- based Morphology 144
3.3.15 Word Syntax 145
3.3.16 What is at stake here? 146
4 Broadening the discussion 151
4.0 The search for definition 151
4.1 Typology 152
4.2 Productivity 155
4.3 Fair comparison 160
4.4 Outro 161
References 164
Index 175
Acknowledgements
In bringing this book up and out, there are many along the way whose generous
support I want to acknowledge.
Linguists whose mentorship and morphological research I have truly benefitted
from include Brian Joseph, Arnold Zwicky, Greg Stump, and Rich Janda. Without
doubt, it has been my great fortune to be in conversation with each one of them. A
timely discussion with Andrew Spencer also provided a truly helpful dose of meta-
cognition on matters of theory-p artisanship.
Gillian Leslie, Laura Williamson, and Richard Strachan, at Edinburgh University
Press, have all extended to me their patience, encouragement, trust, and creative
collaboration, for which I am very grateful.
Last yet foremost, I thank my partner in life, Alma Kuhlemann, for sparing no
resources to share with me her grasp of texts, as she inhabited at one and the same
time the positions of critical reader and sensitive translator of resistant expressions.
The cooperation of a number of publishers and authors is truly appreciated in the
granting of reproduction permission for graphic elements in their copyrighted
materials. Tables 2.3 and 2.4 reproduced by kind permission of Elsevier Publishing
and Michael Hammond, volume editor. Tables 2.15, 2.17, and 2.22, as well as
Figures 2.1 and 4.1, reproduced by kind permission of Cambridge University Press.
Table 2.20 reproduced by kind permission of Oxford University Press. Tables 2.24
and 2.25, as well as Figure 2.10, reproduced by kind permission of Springer
Publishing. Figures 2.2, 2.3, and 2.8 reproduced by kind permission of the respec-
tive authors. Figure 2.5 reproduced by kind permission of MIT Press. Figures 2.6
and 2.9 reproduced by kind permission of Mouton de Gruyter. Figure  4.2
reproduced by kind permission of John Benjamins Publishing.