Contemporary ergonomics, 1994 : proceedings of the Ergonomics Society's 1994 Annual Conference, University of Warwick, 19-22 April 1994 : ergonomics for all

602 Pages·1994·5.01 MB·English

by  Struan Alexander

Contemporary Ergonomics 1994

Contemporary Ergonomics 1994
Proceedings of the Ergonomics Society’s
1994 Annual Conference
University of Warwick, 19–22 April 1994
‘ERGONOMICS FOR ALL’
Edited by
S.A.Robertson
University college, London
UK Taylor & Francis Ltd, 4 John St, London WC1N 2ET
USA Taylor & Francis Inc., 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007
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ISBN 0-203-21157-X Master e-book ISBN
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Contents

1
KEYNOTE ADDRESS

Function allocation in manufacturing 2

C.G.Drury

17
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Accidents and occupational health studies of workers engaged in construction work 18
of an organised sector in India
S.Gangopadhyay
Injury in the orchestra—The ergonomic nightmare 22

E.Colley
Occupational health in tropical agriculture: The pesticide problem 27

G.Rainbird and D.O’Neill

33
USER INVOLVED DESIGN

The operation of new vacuum cleaners, a users’ trial 34

W.E.C.Loopik , H.Kanis and A.M.Marinissen
Technology and the office: User Perceptions 42

H.Smith
A user-centred evaluation of a simulated adaptive autoteller 48

B.C.Burford and C.Baber
IONIA? Investigating systems analysis and the design of information systems 57

J.A.Shelton , P.Brooks , E.Moynihan and M.Taylor

64
RAILWAY ERGONOMICS

Ergonomics in today’s rail industry—An overview 65

G.N.Davis and P.J.Dixon
Buying a ticket on the underground 70

C.Baber and A.Parker
Passenger falls from train doors: A human factors investigation 77
M.Gray , M.G.Boocock and D.B.Riley
Subjective response of the passenger to underground train ride 84

C.Corbridge and M.J.Griffin

90
PROCESS CONTROL

Measurement of situation awareness within the process control domain 91

D.Hogg , K.Follesø , and F.S.Volden
What defines complexity? 98

P.J.Thelwell

104
LIFTING

Isometric back extension and isometric lifting strength as a predictor of lifting 105
ability
B.H.Berryhill , G.A.Smith , A.M.Sadoff and J.W.King
Lifting tasks, perceived exertion and physical activity levels: Their relationship 111
during pregnancy
S.Sinnerton , K.Birch , T.Reilly and I.M.McFadyen
Effects of repetitive lifting on female nurses with and without low back pain 118

D.Leighton and T.Reilly

124
FORMAL METHODS

Validation in ergonomics/human factors 125

H.Kanis
Formal specification of HCI for increasing software’s ergonomics 133

P.Palanque and R.Bastide
An enabling system for user interface design 140

H.Reiterer
Timetabling/scheduling systems: How to specify their human-computer interfaces 147

M.Zajicek and K.Brownsey

154
MILITARY AND AEROSPACE ERGONOMICS

The effect of reclined sitting posture on hand controlled operations 155

J.Edmonds
Designing an electronic map simulation 162
N.I.Beagley
R.Edwards and D.F.Streets
Performance of manual controls within armoured fighting vehicles 169

M.B.Parsons
Human factors contribution to the acceptance of computer supported systems 175
M.A.Tainsh
Human problems with certification of man-machine systems 182

R.M.Taylor and I.S.MacLeod
Scenario profiling—Integrating human factors measures through task network 190
simulation
S.E.Jensen
The Cognitive activity analysis toolset (CAATS) 196

I.S.MacLeod , B.Farkin and P.Helyer
The Ergonomics of shipboard storerooms 204

G.C.L.Fletcher and R.R.Benedyk

211
DRIVERS AND DRIVING

Pedestrian/vehicle crossing incidents near shopping centres in Sudbury, Canada 212

T.Wilson and M.Godin
Study of the effect of age and professional training on recognition of traffic signs. 218

S.A.Al-Gadhi , S.A.Naqvi and A.S.Abdul-Jabbar
Following more safely: Effects of the DETER in-car headway advisory system 225

J.A.Groeger , P.P.Chapman and A.G.Stove
Human factors in the development of automotive safety critical software 232

H.Storey
Expectancies relating to automobile controls: Function specific effects 239

S.Rubens , P.Barber and M.Bradley
Trip time estimation errors for drivers classified by accident and experience 246

T.Wilson and B.Ng’Andu

252
MANUAL HANDLING

Manual handling of gas cylinders during filling and delivery 253

M.F.Haisman , J.Ridd , A.F.Fernandes and S.Lamey
Manual handling in draywork: Survival of the fittest? 261

C.Raistrick
Evaluation of new mail delivery bag designs 267

C.A.Parsons , G.Atkinson , L.Doggart , A.Lees and T.Reilly
Development and evaluation of a manual handling assessment toolkit 273

T.Lansdown , R.A.Haslam and C.A.Parsons
Musculoskeletal problems in breast screening radiographers 280

J.L.May , A.G.Gale , C.M.Haslegrave , J.Castledine and A.R.M.Wilson
Using computerised OWAS for postural analysis of nursing work 286

S.Hignett
An assessment of the risks and hazards associated with the manual handling of linen 293

A.Bowyer , S.Hastings and M.Porter
Manual handling assessment in Royal Mail 300
C.A.Parsons

304
UPPER LIMB ASSESSMENT

Detection of submaximal effort in isometric lumbar extension strength assessment. 305

A.M.Sadoff and G.A.Smith
Inter-test differences in upper limb isokinetic strength measures 311

N.E.Fowler , K.George and I.Campbell
An instrumented steering wheel for assessing the loads on upper limb during driving 317

P.L.Cheng and A.C.Nicol
RULA: A rapid upper limb assessment tool 323

L.McAtamney and E.N.Corlett

330
SIMULATION

Some aspects of quantifying an anthropometric model’s field of view 331

P.N.Hoekstra
An evaluation of low-cost driving and flight simulators 341

D.Scott
Applying risk homeostasis theory to a simulated air traffic control task 346

P.A.Desmond , T.W Hoyes and R.G.Taylor
Choice of climb/descent symbols for air traffic control displays 353

H.David and V.Thomas

361
ACCIDENTS AND ERRORS

Accidents and Entropy: A new framework for measuring the potential for the 362
accidents
W.Ying and Z.Ping
Understanding changing requirements in the development of safety critical systems 369

A.Wallace and S.Harker
Development of a human error taxonomy for use with a human error database 375

S.E.Taylor-Adams
Ageing as a causal factor in degradation of human performance in the context of 382
operations on hand-held calculators
Y.A.Mohammad and S.A.H.Rizvi
Factor analysing a performance shaping concepts questionnaire 387

A.I.Glendon , N.A.Stanton and D.Harrison

394
METHODOLOGY
The validation of slipmeters 395

W.English
Friction and the skin 401

W.P.Mossel and C.P.G.Roosen

409
AUDITORY WARNINGS

Towards a methodology for constructing and evaluating representational auditory 410
alarm displays
N.A.Stanton and J.Edworthy

418
WORK PHYSIOLOGY AND SPORTS ERGONOMICS

Physiological responses of trainee firefighters to exercise in the heat 419

K.George , M.El-Sayed and B.Bellis
Exercise, effort and cognitive performance 423

A.J.Tattersall and S.J.Rowe
Analysis of work rate in soccer 429

T.Reilly
An ergonomic evaluation of the physiological stress of elite female orienteering 434

U.Creagh and T.Reilly
Ergonomic consequences of executing skills in hockey 440

T.Reilly and D.Lowe

445
ERGONOMICS IN INDUSTRY

Practical issues in the redesign of a complex production process layout: A case 446
study
S.Coles
An example of job redesign in a large automotive plant 453

J.Hickson and E.D.Megaw
Ergonomic risk factors assessment in Autoparts Maquiladora industry in Mexico 459

D.Sanchez-Monroy
Job design and work orientations in modern manufacturing: A comparative case 464
study
S.K.Parker , T.D.Wall and P.P.Jackson
Size and weight effects of robot teach pendants 472

C.G.Drury and M.L.Hibschweiller
Reducing the risk of injury from industrial robots 479

A.K.Weyman , N.Worsell and D.B.Riley

486
HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION