Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion Volume 6

413 Pages·2009·13.82 MB·English

by  Mittal

The topic of wettability (measured in terms of contact
angle) is of tremendous interest from both fundamental
and applied points of view, Wettability plays an essential
role in many industrial processes, so an understanding
of factors dictating wettability and how to modulate it
is of paramount importance. In the last years there has
been an explosive interest in superhydrophobic surfaces
(i.e., surfaces with water contact angle of 150° or higher)
because of their relevance/importance in many areas
ranging from self-cleaning windows to nanofl uidics. Also
recently there has been heightened activity in the fi eld of
electrowetting.

C Contact Angle,
This book is divided into four parts: Part 1: Fundamental
o
Aspects; Part 2: Wettability Control/Modifi cation; Part n
t
3: Superhydrophobic Surfaces; and Part 4: Surface Free a
c
Energy and Relevance of Wettability in Adhesion. The t Wettability and

A
topics covered include: a guide to the equilibrium contact
n
angles maze: fundamental aspects of wetting of rough g
l
and chemically heterogeneous surfaces: work of adhesion e
, Adhesion

for rock-oil-brine systems; Is the world basic?; wettability W
control/modifi cation using various approaches; superhy- e
t
drophobic surfaces and ways to impart superhydrophobici- t
a
b Volume 6
ty; adsorption on superhydrophobic surfaces; solid surface
i
l
energy determination; surface modifi cation of different i
t
y
materials; relevance of wettability and adhesion aspects

a
in a variety of reinforced composites. n
d Edited by

A
In essence, this volume refl ects the cumulative wisdom
d
of many active and renowned researchers and provides h K.L. Mittal
e
a commentary on contemporary research in the fascina- s
i
o
ting world of contact angles and wettability. This volume
n
and its predecessors (5 volumes), containing bountiful

information, will be of much value to anyone interested/ V
o
involved in controlling wetting phenomena and their ap- lu
m
plications.
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6

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9 789004 169326 (E
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Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion
Volume 6
TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk
Contact Angle, Wettability
and Adhesion
Volume 6
Editedby
K. L. Mittal
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2009
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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© 2009 by Koninklijke Brill NV Leiden The Netherlands
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Version Date: 20120525
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Contents
Preface ix
Part1:FundamentalAspects
AGuidetotheEquilibriumContactAnglesMaze
A.Marmur 3
KineticsofTripleLineMotionduringEvaporation
M.E.R.ShanahanandK.Sefiane 19
WhatCanWeLearnfromtheVibrationofDropsDepositedonRough
Surfaces?WettingTransitionsOccurringonRoughSurfaces
E.Bormashenko,G.WhymanandR.Pogreb 33
LengthScaleEffectsinWettingofChemicallyHeterogeneousSurfaces
N.Anantharaju,M.V.PanchagnulaandS.Vedantam 53
EffectsofWaterAdsorptiononSiliconOxideNano-asperityAdhesionin
AmbientConditions
D.B.Asay,A.L.BarnetteandS.H.Kim 65
WorkofWettingAssociatedwiththeSpreadingofSessileDrops
C.W.Extrand 81
EffectofLineTensiononWorkofAdhesionforRock–Oil–Brine
Systems
D.SainiandD.N.Rao 95
IstheWorldBasic?LessonsfromSurfaceScience
K.L.MittalandF.M.Etzler 111
Part2:WettabilityControl/Modification
ReversibleTransitionfromHydrophobicitytoHydrophilicityofPhoton
ResponsiveSurfaces:FromPhotochromicMoleculestoNanocrystals
A.Athanassiou 127
FemtosecondLaser-InducedSurfaceStructuresonPlatinumandTheir
EffectsonSurfaceWettabilityandFibroblastCellProliferation
E.Fadeeva,S.Schlie,J.Koch,B.N.Chichkov,A.Y.VorobyevandC.Guo 163
vi Contents
ANovelDesignofWater-andOil-RepellentSurfaceModifierHaving
Double-FluoroalkylGroups
T.Kawase,S.Ohshita,C.YoshimasuandT.Oida 173
TowardSuperlyophobicSurfaces
W.Ming,B.Leng,R.Hoefnagels,D.Wu,G.deWithandZ.Shao 191
ThePorosityandWettabilityPropertiesofHydrogenIonTreated
Poly(tetrafluoroethylene)
H.S.SalapareIII,G.Q.Blantocas,V.R.NogueraandH.J.Ramos 207
Part3:SuperhydrophobicSurfaces
Superhydrophobicity:LocalizedParametersandGradientSurfaces
G.McHale,S.J.Elliott,M.I.NewtonandN.J.Shirtcliffe 219
DesignofSuperhydrophobicPaper/CelluloseSurfacesviaPlasma
EnhancedEtchingandDeposition
B.Balu,J.S.Kim,V.BreedveldandD.W.Hess 235
SuperhydrophobicAluminumSurfaces:PreparationRoutes,Properties
andArtificialWeatheringImpact
M.Thieme,C.Blank,A.PereiradeOliveira,H.Worch,R.Frenzel,
S.Höhne,F.Simon,H.G.PryceLewisandA.J.White 251
AqueousandNon-aqueousLiquidsonSuperhydrophobicSurfaces:
RecentDevelopments
M.Ferrari 269
Part4:SurfaceFreeEnergyandRelevanceofWettability
inAdhesion
ComparisonofApparentSurfaceFreeEnergyofSomeSolids
DeterminedbyDifferentApproaches
E.ChibowskiandK.Terpilowski 283
SurfaceFreeEnergyofViscoelasticThermalCompressedWood
M.Petricˇ,A.Kutnar,B.Kricˇej,M.Pavlicˇ,F.A.KamkeandM.Šernek 301
ModificationofSugarMapleWoodBoardSurfacebyPlasma
TreatmentsatLowPressure
V.Blanchard,B.Riedl,P.BlanchetandP.Evans 311
TheEffectofaPlasmaPre-treatmentontheQualityofFlockCoatings
onPolymerSubstrates
T.Bahners,G.Hoffmann,J.Nagel,E.SchollmeyerandA.Voigt 325
AdhesionPropertiesofWood–PlasticCompositeSurfaces:
AtomicForceMicroscopyasaComplimentaryAnalysisTool
G.S.Oporto,D.J.GardnerandD.J.Neivandt 341
Contents vii
WettabilityBehaviorandAdhesionPropertiesofaNano-epoxyMatrix
withOrganicFibers
W.H.Zhong,Y.Fu,S.Jana,A.Salehi-Khojin,A.Zhamuand
M.T.Wingert 359
EnhancingtheFiber–MatrixAdhesioninWovenJuteFabricReinforced
PolyesterResin-BasedComposites
A.A.KafiandB.L.Fox 377
ScratchandHydrophobicPropertiesofAlAlloySurfaceby
CombinationofTransparentInorganicandSilane-BasedCoatings
A.R.Phani,P.DeMarcoandS.Santucci 391
TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk
Preface
This volume embodies the proceedings of the Sixth International Symposium
on Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion held under the auspices of MST Con-
ferences at the University of Maine, Orono, Maine during July 14–16, 2008. The
premiersymposiumwiththesametitlewasheldin1992inhonorofProf.RobertJ.
Good as a part of the American Chemical Society meeting in San Francisco, Cali-
forniaandthesecond,third,fourthandfiftheventsinthisserieswereheldin2000
in Newark, New Jersey; 2002 in Providence, Rhode Island; 2004 in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania; and 2006 in Toronto, Canada, respectively, and all were held under
theaegisofMSTConferences.Theproceedingsoftheseearliersymposiahavebeen
properlydocumentedasfivehard-boundbooks[1–5].
The topic of wettability (measured in terms of contact angle) is of tremendous
interest from both fundamental and applied points of view. Wettablility plays an
essentialroleinmanyindustrialprocesses,concomitantlyanunderstandingoffac-
tors dictating wettability and how to modulate it is of paramount importance. In
the last years there has been an explosive interest in superhydrophobic surfaces
◦
(i.e., surfaces with water contact angle of 150 or higher) because of their rele-
vance/importance in many areas ranging from self-cleaning windows to nanoflu-
idics to MEMS/NEMS to biomedical technology. The high tempo of research and
interestinthisburgeoningfieldcanbegaugedfromrecentlypublishedbookcover-
ingmanyandvariedramificationsofsuperhydrophobicsurfaces[6].Alsorecently
therehasbeenheightenedactivityinthefieldofelectrowetting.
Apropos, I would like to underscore that since the seminal paper published by
Young (Thomas Young, Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. 95, 65–87 (1805)) there has been
voluminousliteraturepublishedrelativetocontactanglesandwettability.However,
in spite of a large body of literature (thousands of papers) still some vexing ques-
tionsremain,forexample:Whatisthemostappropriatemethodtomeasurecontact
angle? What kind of contact angle should be used in determining the surface free
energyofsolidsurfaces?Whatisthemostappropriateorjustifiedmodel/approach
to determine solid surface free energy? If one sifts the existing literature, one will
find a great deal of confusion and discordance and very many divergent views in
the arena of contact angles and wettability. Let us hope that this bewildered state
ContactAngle,WettabilityandAdhesion,Vol.6
©KoninklijkeBrillNV,Leiden,2009