Contact allergy to fragrances with a focus on oak moss absolute MOWITZ, MARTIN PDF
Preview Contact allergy to fragrances with a focus on oak moss absolute MOWITZ, MARTIN
Contact allergy to fragrances with a focus on oak moss absolute Mowitz, Martin 2014 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Mowitz, M. (2014). Contact allergy to fragrances with a focus on oak moss absolute. [Doctoral Thesis (compilation), Occupational and Environmental Dermatology]. Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Unit. 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LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Contact allergy to fragrances with a focus on oak moss absolute DOCTORAL DISSERTATION by due permission of the Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Sweden. To be defended at Jubileumsaulan, Medicinskt forskningscentrum, Jan Waldenströms gata 5, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö Friday 3 Oct 2014 at 9.00 am. Faculty opponent Professor Klaus Ejner Andersen Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark 1 Contact allergy to fragrances with a focus on oak moss absolute Martin Mowitz Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden Malmö 2014 3 Copyright © Martin Mowitz Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology Skåne University Hospital, Lund University SE 205 02 Malmö, Sweden Lund University, Faculty of Medicine Doctoral Dissertation Series 2014:109 ISBN 978-91-7619-038-8 ISSN 1652-8220 Printed in Sweden by Media-Tryck, Lund University Lund 2014 En del av Förpacknings- och Tidningsinsamlingen (FTI) 4 Main findings/conclusions The concentration decreased by ≥ 20% within 8 h in 4/7 preparations stored in Finn chambers at room temperature. The rate of evaporation from preparations stored in a refrigerator was slower for all substances investigated. Patch testing with pre-loaded fragrances may give false-negative reactions. Statistically significantly more reactions were observed for the freshly applied sample of FM I than for the pre-loaded FM I sample. No correspond-ing difference was observed for FM II. The elicitation capacity in patch tests was significantly lower for the treated OMA than for the untreated OMA. The TLC patch tests indicate the presence of sensitisers other than atranol and chloroatranol in OMA. Statistically significantly more subjects reacted to the untreated than to the treated OMA in the patch tests. No corresponding difference was observed in the ROAT, although there was a significant difference in the time required to elicit a positive reaction. 5 96120144 mix I 22 fresh & 6D Illustration 100% 80%.cno60%c laitin40%i fo %20% 0%0244872 Fragrance 22 6 fresh only6D only Method The content of the fragrance substances was determined using gel permeation chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. 795 consecutive dermatitis patients were patch-tested with duplicate samples of FM I and FM II. One sample of each mix was applied in the test chamber 6 days in advance, while the other was applied immediately before the patch test occasion. 15 OMA-allergic subjects were patch-tested with serial dilutions and TLC-strips of the treated and untreated OMA samples. A-allergic subjects and 16 15 OMcontrols underwent serial dilution patch testing and performed a ROAT with the treated and untreated OMA samples. e Objective To investigate the stability of petrolatum preparations of 7 fragrance mix I (FM I) ingredients when applied in patch test chambers stored at room temperature or in a refrigerator. To compare patch test reactivity to FM I and fragrance mix II (FM II) when applied in test chambers in advance and immediately before the patch test occasion. To compare the elicitation capacity of a treated oak moss absolute (OMA) with a reduced content of atranol and chloroatranol to that of an untreated OMA, and to investigate reactions to components of OMA separated by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). To compare the elicitation capacity of a treated OMA sample with a reduced content of atranol and chloroatranol to that of an untreated OMA sample in patch tests with serial dilutions and in a repeated open application test (ROAT). c Thesis at a glan Paper I. Stability of fragrance patch test preparations applied in test chambers II. Fragrance patch tests prepared in advance may give false-negative reactions III. Patch testing with serial dilutions and thin-layer chromatograms of oak moss absolutes containing high and low levels of atranol and chloroatranol IV. Usage tests of oak moss absolutes containing high and low levels of atranol and chloroatranol List of publications The thesis is based on the following papers, referred to in the text by their Roman numerals I. Stability of fragrance patch test preparations applied in test chambers Mowitz M, Zimerson E, Svedman C, Bruze M British Journal of Dermatology 2012: 167: 822-7 II. Fragrance patch tests prepared in advance may give false-negative reactions Mowitz M, Svedman C, Zimerson E, Bruze M Accepted for publication in Contact Dermatitis III. Patch testing with serial dilutions and thin-layer chromatograms of oak moss absolutes containing high and low levels of atranol and chloroatranol Mowitz M, Zimerson E, Svedman C, Bruze M Contact Dermatitis 2013: 69: 342-9 IV: Usage tests of oak moss absolutes containing high and low levels of atranol and chloroatranol Mowitz M, Svedman C, Zimerson E, Bruze M Acta Dermato-Venereologica 2014; 94: 398-402 Reprints of previously published papers have been made with permission from the publishers 6 Contents Abbreviations 9 1 Introduction 11 1.1 Contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis 11 1.2 Patch testing 12 1.3 Fragrances 13 1.3.1 Fragrance contact allergy 14 1.3.2 Other health aspects 17 1.4 Oak moss absolute 18 1.4.1 Contact allergy to lichens 18 1.4.2 Frequency of oak moss absolute contact allergy 18 1.4.3 Processing of oak moss extracts 20 1.4.4 Tree moss 21 1.4.5 Atranol and chloroatranol 22 2 Aims 25 3 Materials and methods 27 3.1 Chemicals and patch test preparations 27 3.1.1 Study I 27 3.1.2 Study II 27 3.1.3 Study III 28 3.1.4 Study IV 28 3.2 Subjects 29 3.2.1 Study II 29 3.2.2 Study III 29 3.2.3 Study IV 29 3.3 Patch testing 30 3.4 Preparation of thin-layer chromatograms used for patch testing 30 3.5 Repeated open application tests 31 7 3.6 Chemical investigations 32 3.6.1 Stability investigations of petrolatum preparations 32 3.6.2 Thin-layer chromatography 34 Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry 34 3.7 Data recording 34 3.8 Ethics 35 3.9 Statistics 35 3.9.1 Study II 35 3.9.2 Study III 35 3.9.3 Study IV 36 4 Results 37 4.1 Study I 37 4.2 Study II 40 4.3 Study III 43 4.4 Study IV 46 4.4.1 Patch tests 46 4.4.2 Repeated open application tests 46 5 Discussion 51 5.1 Studies I and II 51 5.2 Studies III and IV 55 5.2.1 Patch tests 55 5.2.2 Thin-layer chromatography patch tests 57 5.2.3 Repeated open application tests 57 6 Summary and concluding remarks 59 7 Popular scientific summary in Swedish 61 Acknowledgements 63 References 65 8 Abbreviations ACD allergic contact dermatitis D day FM I fragrance mix I FM II fragrance mix II GCMS gas chromatography–mass spectrometry GPC gel permeation chromatography HICC hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography ICDRG International Contact Dermatitis Research Group IFRA International Fragrance Association INCI International Nomenclature of Cosmetic Ingredients MEC minimum eliciting concentration¨ MP Myroxylon pereirae OMA oak moss absolute ROAT repeated open application test SCCP Scientific Committee on Consumer Products SCCS Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety THF tetrahydrofuran TLC thin-layer chromatography w/v weight/volume w/w weight/weight 9
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