Consumers and nanotechnology : deliberative processes and methodologies

263 Pages·5.908 MB·English

by  Pål Strandbakken, Gerd Scholl, Eivind Stø

© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Contents
Preface
Part I S c ience and Democracy x1i
1. Emerging Technologies and Democracy 3
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Nanotechnology and the Public Debate 7
2. O1v.e3r vDieewli boef raa Stievte o Df eDmeloibceraractyi vaen dPr Noceews sGeos voenr nNaanncoe 197
2.1 Introduction 17
2.2 Major Findings from Reviews 20
2.2.1 Initiation 20
2.2.2 Organisation 20
2.2.3 Content 21
2.2.4 Participation 21
2.2.5 Reasoned Process 22
2.2.6 Results 22
P art II2 .3C iGteizneenra-Ol Croienncltuesdio Dnes liberative Processes 2 274
3. Citize nIns’t rNoadnuoc tCioonnf etore Pnacret iInI Denmark 31
3.1 Introduction 31
3.2 Description of the Process 33
3.3 Review of the Process 35
3.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 35
3.3.2 Organisation 36
3.3.3 Participation 38
3.3.4 Results of the Process 39
3.4 Deliberation Criteria 41
4. T3he.5 N SaunmoJmurayr iins itnhge A Upnpitreadis Kali ngdom 4435
4.1 Introduction 45
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
vi Contents
4.2 Description of the Process 47
4.3 Review of the Process 48
4.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 48
4.3.2 Organisation 49
4.3.3 Participation 50
4.3.4 Results of the Process 51
4.4 Deliberation Criteria 52
5. C4o.n5s uSmuemr mCoanrifseirnegn cAep opnra tihsea lP erception of 54
Nanotechnology in the Areas of Food, Cosmetics,
and Textiles, Germany 57
5.1 Introduction 57
5.2 Description of the Process 58
5.3 Review of the Process 62
5.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 62
5.3.2 Organisation 64
5.3.3 Participation 64
5.3.4 Results of the Process 66
5.4 Deliberation Criteria 66
6. Fr5e.5n chS uCmonmfearreinsicnegs ACypcplrea oisna Nl anotechnology: 67
Nanomonde 71
6.1 Introduction 71
6.2 Description of the Process 72
6.3 Review of the Process 74
6.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 74
6.3.2 Organisation 75
6.3.3 Participation 75
6.3.4 Results of the Process 77
6.4 Deliberation Criteria 78
7. C6it.i5ze nSsu’m Comnaferirseinncge A, Îplep-rdaeis-Farla nce 7881
7.1 Introduction 81
7.2 Description of the Process 82
7.3 Review of the Process 83
7.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 83
7.3.2 Organisation 84
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Contents vii
7.3.3 Participation 84
7.3.4 Results of the process 85
7.4 Deliberation Criteria 88
Append7i.x5 1 .S umPmoliacryi sRinecgo Ampmpreanidsaalt ions from the Citizens’ 89
Conference 93
8. Nanotechnology Citizens’ Conference in Madison,
USA 101
8.1 Introduction 101
8.2 Description of the Process 102
8.3 Review of the Process 104
8.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 104
8.3.2 Organisation 104
8.3.3 Participation 106
8.3.4 Results of the Process 109
8.4 Deliberation Criteria 109
Append8i.x5 2 .S umWmriatrteisnin Sgu Abmppisrsaiiosna lf rom the Citizens’ 111
Coalition on Nanotechnology 113
9. The U.S. National Citizens’ Technology Forum on
Human Enhancement: An Experiment in
Deliberation Across a Nation 123
9.1 Introduction 123
9.2 Description of the Process 126
9.3 Review of the Process 132
9.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 132
9.3.2 Organisation 133
9.3.3 Participation 134
9.3.4 Results of the Process 136
9.4 Deliberation Criteria 138
9.4.1 Reasoned Process 139
9.4.2 Equal Participants 140
9.4.3 Consensus-Driven Process 141
Append9i.x5 3 .S umFamcialirtaistionrgs Appraisal 114429
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
viii Contents
Part III Stakeholder-Oriented Deliberative
Processes 151
10. Expe riImnternotdsu wctitiho nC rtoos Psa-Nrta tIIioInal Deliberative
Processes Within FP6 and FP7 of the European
Union: The Convergence Seminars, the DEMOCS
Card Games, and the Nanologue Project 153
10.1 Introduction 153
10.2 Description of the Process 158
10.2.1 The Convergence Seminars 158
10.2.2 The DEMOCS Card Game 162
10.2.3 The Nanologue Project Dialogue 165
10.3 Review of the Processes 168
10.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 169
10.3.2 Organisation 170
10.3.3 Participation 171
10.3.4 Results of the Processes 172
10.4 Deliberation Criteria 175
11. 1St0a.5n daSrudmismataiorinz iansg a A Fpoprmra iosfa Dl eliberation 117885
11.1 Introduction 185
11.2 Description of the Process 188
11.3 Review of the CEN and ISO Processes 190
11.3.1 Initiatives and Objectives 190
11.3.2 Organisation 191
11.3.3 Participation 192
11.3.4 Result of the Processes 195
11.4 Deliberation Criteria 196
12. 1A1n. 5O nSliunme mPlaartfiosirnmg fAopr pFruaritshaelr Deliberative 197
Processes 201
12.1 Introduction 201
12.2 Description of the Platform 204
12.3 The Toolkit 206
12.4 Testing the Platform 208
12.5 Summarising Appraisal 210
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
Contents ix
Part IV An Aspect of a More Democratic Science:
The Future of Deliberative Processes on
Nanotechnology and Other Emerging
Technologies 213
13. Conclusions: Towards a Third Generation of
Deliberative Processes 215
13.1 Introduction 215
13.2 The Generational Perspective 216
13.2.1 The First Generation of Deliberative
Processes on Nanotechnology 217
13.2.2 The Second Generation of Deliberative
Processes on Nanotechnology 221
13.3 Conclusions on Deliberative Processes on
Nanotechnology 225
13.4 The Future of Deliberative Processes 227
13.4.1 Unfulfilled Expectations? 228
13.4.2 A Threat to Numerical Democracy? 229
13.4.3 An Answer to This Critique 231
13.5 Relevant Topics for Deliberation 234
Autho1r3s’. 6B ioSgurmapmhaiersising Appraisal 240
Index
243
247
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC