Constructing a Policy-Making State?: Policy Dynamics in the EU PDF
Preview Constructing a Policy-Making State?: Policy Dynamics in the EU
Constructing a Policy-Making State? This page intentionally left blank Constructing a Policy-Making State? Policy Dynamics in the EU Edited by Jeremy Richardson 1 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxford,OX26DP, UnitedKingdom OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwide.Oxfordisaregisteredtrademarkof OxfordUniversityPressintheUKandincertainothercountries #JeremyRichardson2012 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted FirstEditionpublishedin2012 Impression:1 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,withoutthe priorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,orasexpresslypermitted bylaw,bylicenceorundertermsagreedwiththeappropriatereprographics rightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproductionoutsidethescopeofthe aboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,OxfordUniversityPress,atthe addressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisworkinanyotherform andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData Dataavailable LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Dataavailable ISBN978–0–19–960410–4 PrintedinGreatBritainby MPGBooksGroup,BodminandKing’sLynn LinkstothirdpartywebsitesareprovidedbyOxfordingoodfaithand forinformationonly.Oxforddisclaimsanyresponsibilityforthematerials containedinanythirdpartywebsitereferencedinthiswork. TothosewhodiedintheChristchurchearthquake on22February2011. Preface As a young graduate student I was told that what I was studying was called ‘publicadministration’,whatseemedtometobeaterriblydullsubject.Iwasa public administrationistbecauseIwasinterested in‘whatgovernmentsdid’. However,reliefwassoonathand.Attendingmyfirstinternationalconference (well,itwasinScotland),myfriendLewisGunnintroducedmetoanAmerican academicas‘JeremyRichardson.Hestudiespublicpolicy.’Afterwards,Iasked Lewis,‘Whatisthispublicpolicystuffthen?’Hereplied,‘Oh,itisalltherage in America.’ That seemed good enough to me then and I think it is good enoughnow! Ofcourse,Iwasnotinterestedinadministration,butIwasinterestedinwhat happened in political systems before administration took place, namely how public policy was made. Where did it come from, who made it, what influ- ences were brought to bear, why did it change over time? Eventually, Irealized,ofcourse,thatoneaspectofadministration,theimplementationof publicpolicy,wasanimportantandexcitingtopic,havingmuchtodowith thepolicychangeprocess.Indeed,thepolicy-makingprocessisacontinuous, never-endingprocess.Aboveallitisatthecentreofwhatthestatedoes.States churn out masses of public policy in their attempt to manage societies, and societiesmakemoreandmoredemandsonstatesto‘solve’societalproblems. Moreover,manyoftheseproblemsareatleastregionalinnature,andincreas- inglyglobal.Thus,asIwrite,theEuropeanUnionisinthegripofadebtcrisis which can be solved only by collective action at the regional level. This regional crisis is also a global crisis. Thus, living in New Zealand, I will not beimmunetotheeventsinEurope.Suchcrisespresenthugechallengestothe autonomyofconventionalnationstates.Theycannotsolveproblemswithout somelossofautonomy. TheEUisanespeciallyinterestingcaseforpublicpolicyanalystsasthereis obviouslyagradualdriftofpolicy-makingfunctionstoaregionallevel.When I started studying British public policy in 1966, the locus of public policy making was firmly in London. The laws under which I lived were British laws.Today,ahugeproportionofthoselawsareEUlaws.Somehow,afunda- mental shift has taken place (still not accepted by the majority of British Preface citizens,itmustbesaid!),thoughnotinallpolicyareas.Thecentralpurposeof thisvolumeistoanalysetheseeminglyinexorableprocessbywhichthelocus ofdecision-makinghaschangedtotheEuropeanlevel.Wedothisbyaseries of sectoral case studies employing a variety of theoretical and conceptual approaches.Thus,wehavedeliberatelyavoidedadoptingonecommontheo- reticalframework,largelybecausewedonotbelievethatthephenomenonof Europeanization(asdefinedinchapter1)canbeexplainedbyrelyingexclu- sivelyononetheoreticalapproach,butalsobecausewebelievethatisituseful toseehowbroadtheconceptualtoolkitcanbe. Thebookbringstogetherasuperbgroupofresearchers,towhomIowean enormous debt, not just for their perceptive insights into the processes by which power shifts to Brussels (or remains anchored at member state level) but,moreimportantly,fortheirenormouspatienceandpersonalsupportover thepastdifficultyear.Iwillnotburdenreaderswiththedetailsofthesetbacks alongthewaytothemuchdelayedcompletionofthisvolume.Sufficetosay thatChristchurchhassufferedtwomajorearthquakessinceSeptember2010, andahugenumberofsevereaftershocks:anunusualsetofcircumstancesin whichtocompleteabook.Throughoutthisverystressfulperiod,Ihavebeen privilegedtoworkwithagroupofverycaringcontributors.Theirconcernfor meandmyfamilyhasbeensomethingquitespecial. Christchurch,NZ,November2011 vii This page intentionally left blank Contents ListofContributors xi ListofFigures xiii ListofTables xiv PARTI 1 1. SupranationalStateBuildingintheEuropeanUnion 3 JeremyRichardson 2. Agenda-SettingandtheFormationofanEUPolicy-MakingState 29 SebastiaanPrincen PARTII 47 3. CompetitionPolicy:TheEvolutionofCommissionControl 49 MichaelBlauberger 4. FromtheTreatyofParistoGlobalization:Steelandits‘Escape’ fromEUGovernance 69 GeoffreyDudleyandJeremyRichardson 5. GlobalizationandInternalPolicyDynamicsintheReformof theCommonAgriculturalPolicy 88 CarstenDaugbjerg 6. EnvironmentalPolicy:GoverningbyMultiplePolicyInstruments? 104 AndrewJordan,DavidBenson,RüdigerWurzel,andAnthonyZito 7. PolicyEntrepreneurship,GroupMobilization,andthe CreationofaNewPolicyDomain:Women’sRightsand theEuropeanUnion 125 SoniaMazey PartIII 145 8. InchingTowardsaCommonEnergyPolicy:Entrepreneurship, Incrementalism,andWindowsofOpportunity 147 BurkardEberlein
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