. CONSTANT ATT B L E S WHY WE FIGHT 'LeBlanc shows that the eraofsticks and stones combat was more dangerous than ourown age .. Awell-armed rebuttal to the notion that ourancient ancestors all just got along." — THE WALL STREETJOURNAL STEVEN LEBLANC A. WITH KATHERINE REGISTER 1 E. t CONSTANT BATTLES !^ St. Martin's Griffin * ]Vfw York 3 CONSTANT BATTLES Why We Fight Steven A. LeBlanc with Katherine E. Register CONSTANT BATTLES:WHYWE FIGHT Copyright © 2003 by Steven A. LeBlanc with Katherine E. Register. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States ofAmerica. No part ofthis book may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quota- tions embodied in critical articles or reviews. For information, address St. Martin's Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, NewYork, N.Y. lOOIO. www.stmartins.com LibraryofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data LeBlanc, Steven A. — Constantbattles:whywefight/StevenA. LeBlancwithKatherineE.Register. 1stSt.Martins Griffin ed. p. cm. ISBN 0-312-31089-7(he) ISBN 0-312-31090-0(pbk) EAN978-03I2-3I090-5 — I.Warfare, Prehistoric. 2. Military art and science History. 3. Primitive societies. 4. Noble savage. I. Register, Katherine E. II.Title. GN799.W26L43 2004 — 303.6'6 dc22 2004041875 FirstSt. Martin's Griffin Edition: August 2004 987654321 10 To Laura Lee Stearns for her long and valued support CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IX prologue: Finding Warfare in All the "Wrong" Places xi chapter one Warfare and Ecology: Myth and Reality I chapter wo f Was There Ever an Eden? 23 chapter three Enter Conflict 55 chapter Jour Our Earliest Past 77 chapter five Warfare Among Foragers 100 chapter six Conflict and Growth Among Tribal Farmers 128 chapter seven Complex Societies 157 chapter eight War or Peace for the Future? 199 NOTES 231 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 245 REFERENCES 247 INDEX 265
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