Conservatism and British foreign policy, 1820-1920: the Derbys and their world PDF
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Conservatism and British Foreign Policy, 1820–1920 The Derbys and their World Edited by Geoffrey Hicks Conservatism and British Foreign PoliCy, 1820–1920 To John Vincent IV Conservatism and British Foreign Policy, 1820–1920 the derbys and their World Edited by geoFFrey hiCks University of East Anglia, UK © geoffrey hicks and the contributors 2011 all rights reserved. no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. geoffrey hicks has asserted his right under the Copyright, designs and Patents act, 1988, to be identified as the editor of this work. Published by ashgate Publishing limited ashgate Publishing Company Wey Court east suite 420 Union road 101 Cherry street Farnham Burlington surrey, gU9 7Pt vt 05401-4405 england Usa www.ashgate.com British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Conservatism and British foreign policy, 1820–1920 : the derbys and their world. 1. derby, edward george geoffrey smith stanley, earl of, 1799–1869. 2. derby, edward henry stanley, earl of, 1826–1893. 3. derby, edward george villiers stanley, earl of, 1865–1948. 4. Foreign ministers--great Britain-- history--19th century. 5. great Britain- -Politics and government--19th century. 6. great Britain--Foreign relations--19th century. 7. Conservative Party (great Britain)--history--19th century. 8. great Britain--Politics and government--1901–1936. 9. great Britain-- Foreign relations--1901–1936. i. hicks, geoffrey. 941’.081’0922–dc22 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Conservatism and British foreign policy, 1820–1920 : the derbys and their world / [compiled by] geoffrey hicks. p. cm. includes bibliographical references and index. isBn 978-0-7546-6929-6 (hardcover) -- isBn 978-0-7546-9658-2 (ebook) 1. great Britain- -Politics and government--19th century. 2. great Britain--Politics and government--1901-1936. 3. Conservatism--great Britain--history--19th century. 4. Conservatism--great Britain--his- tory--20th century. 5. derby, edward george geoffrey smith stanley, earl of, 1799-1869. 6. great Britain--Foreign relations--19th century. 7. great Britain--Foreign relations--1901-1936. 8. Conservative Party (great Britain)--history. 9. derby, earls of. 10. stanley family. i. hicks, geoffrey. ii. title. da537.C66 2011 327.41009’034—dc22 2011013780 isBn 9780754669296 (hbk) isBn 9780754696582 (ebk) Printed and bound in great Britain by the mPg Books group, Uk. Contents Preface vii Notes on Contributors ix Timeline xi Introduction: The View from Knowsley 1 Geoffrey Hicks 1 Derby Redivivus: Reflections on the Political Achievement of the Fourteenth Earl of Derby 19 Angus Hawkins 2 The Ultimate Test: The Fourteenth Earl, the Admiralty and the Ministry of 1852 41 Andrew Lambert 3 The Fourteenth Earl and the ‘Political Chameleon’: Changing Views of Palmerston from Knowsley 59 David Brown 4 The Struggle for Stability: The Fourteenth Earl and Europe, 1852‒1868 81 Geoffrey Hicks 5 ‘Only wants quiet riding’?: Disraeli, the Fifteenth Earl of Derby and the ‘War-in-Sight’ Crisis 99 T.G. Otte 6 Britain’s ‘most isolationist Foreign Secretary’: The Fifteenth Earl and the Eastern Crisis 1876‒1878 129 Bendor Grosvenor 7 Crossing the Floor: Mary Derby, the Fifteenth Earl and the Liberals, 1878‒1882 169 Jennifer Davey 8 Oiling the Entente: the Seventeenth Earl of Derby and the Paris Embassy, 1918‒1920 189 David Dutton vi Conservatism and British Foreign Policy, 1820–1920 9 Traditions of Conservative Foreign Policy 215 John Charmley Index 229 Preface The idea for this volume was conceived several years ago, but a collection of this kind takes some time to produce; I am grateful to the contributors both for their patience during a long process and for their tolerance of my editorial questions. I am particularly grateful to Emily Yates and the staff at Ashgate, who have been so helpful throughout the process. We are also grateful to the Earl and Countess of Derby for welcoming us so warmly to Knowsley and for the deposit of invaluable material at Liverpool City Record Office. Lloyd Mitchell and Catherine Armstrong were important members of the original group of contributors, and I want to take this opportunity both to acknowledge their early support and wish them well in their new endeavours. Bendor Grosvenor was one of the original editorial team and has been hugely supportive in reading through texts and offering comments. Any editorial errors that remain, however, lie at my own door. Much of the research being undertaken into the role of the Derbys would be considerably more difficult without the contribution of one particular historian; the work of Professor John Vincent on the Derby diaries, as the references throughout this book attest, has been invaluable to scholars. In grateful acknowledgement of his scholarship in the field over many decades, it is to him that this volume is dedicated. Geoffrey Hicks September 2010 This page has been left blank intentionally Notes on Contributors David Brown is Senior Lecturer in History at the University of Strathclyde. He has written widely on nineteenth-century British politics and his most recent book is Palmerston: A Biography (Yale University Press, 2010). His previous works include Palmerston and the politics of foreign policy 1846–55 (MUP, 2002). John Charmley is Professor of Modern British History at the University of East Anglia and editor of the journal History. His previous works include The Princess and the Politicians: Sex, Intrigue and Diplomacy, 1812–40 (Viking, 2005). He is currently working on a history of modern Conservatism. Jennifer Davey is an Associate Tutor at the University of East Anglia. Her PhD thesis examines the political career of Mary Catherine Stanley, the fifteenth Countess of Derby. Her research interests include gender relations, high politics and diplomacy in the nineteenth century. David Dutton retired recently from the Ramsay Muir Chair of Modern History at the University of Liverpool. Among his books are Paris 1918: The War Diary of the 17th Earl of Derby (Liverpool University Press, 2001) and The Politics of Diplomacy: Britain and France in the Balkans in the First World War (I.B. Tauris, 1998). Bendor Grosvenor is a director of Philip Mould Fine Paintings, and a member of the Lord Chancellor’s Advisory Council on National Records and Archives. His PhD thesis examined the foreign policy of the fifteenth Earl of Derby during the Eastern Crisis of 1876–8. Angus Hawkins is a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society, a member of the History Faculty at the University of Oxford, Director of Public and International Programmes in Oxford’s Department for Continuing Education and Bursarial Fellow of Kellogg College, Oxford. He has recently published a two-volume biography of the fourteenth Earl of Derby (OUP, 2007 and 2008). Geoffrey Hicks is Lecturer in Modern British History at the University of East Anglia. His previous works include Peace, War and Party Politics: The Conservatives and Europe, 1846–59 (MUP, 2007).
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