Conflict, Security and Development: An Introduction

273 Pages·2018·16.523 MB·English

by  Paul Jackson, Danielle Beswick

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Conflict, Security and Development

This textbook draws on academic theory, field research and policy developments to pro-
vide an overview of the connections between security and development, before, during and
after conflict. This third edition is revised and updated to take account of changes that have
occurred in both policy and academic arenas which are relevant to students and practitioners
in this area. In addition, there is a new chapter on memory and memorialisation after conflict.
In an interdependent world, it is often argued that the challenges of underdevelopment
and insecurity have global implications. This textbook charts an accessible course through
these complex debates, providing a comprehensive introduction for those encountering these
issues for the first time. The main aims of the revised edition are:
• to set out how thinking on conflict, security and development has changed over time and
continues to evolve;
• to explore the consequences of these changes, particularly for the theory and practice of
development and security promotion;
• to introduce a range of case studies from across the globe, in order to explore the
implications of a combined approach to security and development.
The authors are experienced in both the theory and the practice of this field, and illustrate the
links between conflict, security and development with practical examples, drawing on key
case studies from the past twenty years. Each chapter is informed by student pedagogy, and
the book will be essential reading for all students of development studies, war and conflict
studies, and human security, and is recommended for students of international security and
international relations in general.
Paul Jackson is Professor of African Politics at the University of Birmingham, UK, and also
Research Fellow at the Centre for African Studies, University of the Free State, South Africa.
Danielle Beswick is Senior Lecturer in the International Development Department at the
University of Birmingham, UK.
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Praise for earlier editions

‘Conflict, Security and Development is the most accessible introductory text-
book available on the relationship between security and development, before,
during and after conflict. Drawing on key academic debates, field research
and policy- relevant developments since the 1990s, Beswick and Jackson pro-
vide a detailed – and student- friendly – overview of the significant ideas and
events shaping today’s debate.’
Alice Hills, Durham University, UK
‘Jackson and Beswick provide an essential primer on the complex issues that
lie at the intersection of security and development. Wide-r anging and clearly-
written, the authors deftly weave both theory and practice, and challenge us
all to think more critically – and more carefully – about the consequences of
international intervention.’
Timothy Donais, Wilfrid Laurier University, Canada
‘This updated and developed edition of Beswick and Jackson’s book provides
an excellent textbook to guide students, and other concerned readers, through
the complex nexus of conflict, security and development issues and policies.
Lively, accessible and organised, it combines clear academic analysis with
insights from experience.’
Owen Greene, University of Bradford, UK
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Conflict, Security and Development

An Introduction
Third Edition
Paul Jackson and Danielle Beswick
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Third edition published 2018
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2018 Paul Jackson and Danielle Beswick
The right of Paul Jackson and Danielle Beswick to be identified as authors of this work
has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised
in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or
hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks,
and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
First edition published by Routledge 2010
Second edition published by Routledge 2015
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
A catalog record for this book has been requested
ISBN: 978- 1- 138- 57856- 2 (hbk)
ISBN: 978- 1- 138- 57857- 9 (pbk)
ISBN: 978- 1- 351- 26416- 7 (ebk)
Typeset in Times
by Out of House Publishing
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Contents

List of tables vi
List of boxes vii
Preface to the third edition ix
Acknowledgements x
Introduction 1
1 Are security and development mutually reinforcing? 8
2 What does conflict look like in the developing world? 31
3 How do people analyse conflict? 50
4 Refugees and internal displacement 65
5 Conflict and the role of development actors 84
6 International intervention and peacekeeping 106
7 Post- war economic development 126
8 Privatisation of security 142
9 Security after conflict 159
10 Justice after conflict 175
11 Truth, memory and peacebuilding 195
12 Conclusion: Future issues in the pursuit of security and development 212
Glossary and abbreviations 228
Bibliography 236
Index 253
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Tables

1.1 The widening and deepening of security 9
7.1 Post- conflict recovery patterns – highlights 129
7.2 Typology of economic activities in war to peace transitions 139
9.1 Stages of the conflict cycle 160
9.2 A typology of security 163
9.3 Core activities of security sector reform 168
10.1 A typology of activities relating to rule of law activities 179
11.1 Some emblematic truth commissions 198
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Boxes

1.1 AFRICOM 11
1.2 The UNDP Human Development Report, 1994 12
1.3 Security sector reform 25
2.1 Street children to child soldiers 45
3.1 Some notable resource typologies 55
5.1 The Millennium Development Goals 88
7.1 A case study of success: Tax reform in Burundi 133
9.1 Militias in post-c onflict Libya 173
10.1 What is the rule of law? The UN definition 176
11.1 Examples of memory processes 205
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Preface to the third edition

This is the third edition of a textbook first published in 2010. The original idea of this volume
was to use existing teaching materials as a basis for providing an introduction to a rapidly
changing subject area. Since then, the area has continued to expand and change rapidly,
and it remains one of the fastest- moving academic areas of study on one of the broadest
canvasses available. Unfortunately, conflicts are not going away any time soon, and so many
of the underlying themes remain relevant but have been expanded and developed, and new
themes and issues are being added all of the time.
In the space since 2010, the nature of what we teach has also changed, and whilst some
subject areas remain similar, the modules on conflict and security are bursting at the seams
trying to retain the additional information available. At the same time, discussions with
students are always valuable and continue to expand and develop approaches to ideas and
themes that are of use to them. In our own classes we are also fortunate to incorporate
students from many conflict and former conflict zones, and their input has been invaluable.
This new version of the book includes a comprehensive update of the literature being used
along with an edit of the whole text. In addition, we have also expanded the chapters on
justice and economic development and added a further chapter on memory and peacebuilding,
which is a subject that has proved to be of interest in my own classes. This is, however,
another vast area of study in its own right, and we have tried to structure this chapter so that
it points to further reading and some core questions for consideration, in keeping with the
philosophy of the rest of the book.
We have tried to retain the balance between policy and theory, but also perhaps brought
out some more of the issues of instrumental approaches to constructing liberal states versus
critical approaches to security, and the questioning of who has the power to decide for whom
and in what way security is enacted. These are complex debates, but they are present in day-
to- day policy decisions as well as in academic debate.
This means that in a book that started with eight chapters, we have now expanded to
twelve and, in reality, we could have doubled the number. We hope that this continues to
be useful, and we apologise that we cannot include everything, but we hope that this will
provide a useful and accessible introduction to one of the most fast- moving and interesting
areas of study available.