Condensed matter theories. / Volume 24 PDF
Preview Condensed matter theories. / Volume 24
Condensed Matter Theories Volume 24 TThhiiss ppaaggee iinntteennttiioonnaallllyy lleefftt bbllaannkk Condensed Matter Theories Volume 24 Feodor Kusmartsev Department of Physics, Loughborough University, UK Editor World Scientific NEW JERSEY • LONDON • SINGAPORE • BEIJING • SHANGHAI • HONG KONG • TAIPEI • CHENNAI A-PDF Merger DEMO : Purchase from www.A-PDF.com to remove the watermark Published by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. CONDENSED MATTER THEORIES Volume 24 (With CD-ROM) Proceedings of the 32nd International Workshop Copyright © 2010 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher. For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher. ISBN-13 978-981-4289-14-6 ISBN-10 981-4289-14-0 Printed in Singapore. Benjamin - Condensed Matter Theories V24.pm1d 10/1/2009, 1:33 PM September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316 PREFACE The International Workshop on Condensed Matter Theories is an annual scien- ti(cid:12)c meeting, which has been hosted by prominent research institutions and uni- versities in the Americas, Europe, Africa, Australia and Asia. The 32nd Work- shop of the series (CMT32) took place from 12 to 19 August, 2008, at the pleasant venue of Loughborough University, one of the longest campuses in Eu- rope, located in the heart of England. The meeting was dedicated to the birth centenary of Lev Landau whose ideas founded Condensed Matter Physics and consisted of several symposia, covering T-rays, superconductivity, strongly cor- related electrons and electronic phase separation, Josephson arrays and quan- tum dots, supercold gases and Bose-Einstein Condensation, many-body physics and quantum information, as well as a symposium for young scientists. There was also a one-day joint session with the Frontiers of Low Temperature Physics Conference at Royal Holloway, University of London. The workshop was held under the joint sponsorship of Loughborough University, through the Depart- Fig.1. ParticipantsattheCMT32workshop. v September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316 vi Preface ment of Physics, the Theory of Condensed Matter group of the Institute of Physics and the ESF network Arrays of Quantum Dots and Josephson Junctions (AQDJJ). This International Workshop on Condensed Matter Theories (CMT32) had, as all previous ones, a strong interdisciplinary tradition, in recognition of the commonality of problems faced by theorists and computational scientists when they seek fundamental and practical understanding of many-body systems in di- verse areas of physics, and to address recent challenges of human society. Re- searchers workingin di(cid:11)erent and diverse sub(cid:12)elds of solid-state, soft-matter, low- temperature,material,atomic,nuclear,particle,statistical,astrophysical,chemical and biological physics gathered at Loughborough University to share new con- cepts and strategies as well as novel developments in analysis and computation, to exchangeideas or supply thoughts on addressing recent challenges. The partici- pants enjoyed an exceptionally stimulating mix of condensed matter physics prob- lems, spanning such traditional (cid:12)elds as quantum (cid:13)uids, solid state and atomic physics, quantum physics and information theory. Special attention was given to theoretical and experimental studies of recently discovered phenomena in novel materials such as graphene and oxide, Fe{As and other superconductors. An- other subject of topical interest covered by a symposium was terahertz (T-ray) physics: Kazuo Kadowaki presented an overview of experiments on anomalous powerful T-ray radiation from layered superconductors and other aspects of T-ray physics. Sixty-six invited papers were presented, of which forty-six papers appear in this book. Reports of recent results generated lively debate on arrays of Joseph- son junctions, on arrays of quantum dots, on two- and three-dimensional electron systems and Ising models, the metal-insulator transition, dilute magnetic semi- conductors,e(cid:11)ects of disorder,extraordinarymagnetoresistancephenomena, ferro- magnetic stripes,quantum Hall systems,stronglycorrelatedFermisystems, super- conductivity, dilute fermionic andbosonic gases,nanostructuredmaterials,plasma instabilities, quantum (cid:13)uid mixtures, and Josephson junctions of extended or/and reduced geometries. In addition, there were special sessions on many-body prob- lems, quantum information theory and evidence for room temperature supercon- ductivity observedwith the aid of the paramagneticMeissner e(cid:11)ect. The quantum matter emphasis of this 32nd CMT workshop was highlighted by a visit to Royal Holloway,UniversityofLondonforajointsessionCMT32workshopwiththeUltra Low Temperature Conference chaired by John Saunders. Duringthe meeting,wetookthe opportunitytohonourdistinguished scientists suchasJanZaanen,KlimKugelandMikkoSaarelaamongouresteemedcolleagues in condensed matter physics who attained chronological maturity (from age 50 to 60 respectively) during 2007{2008. All these scientists have earned the deep re- spect of the many-body community through their leadership in prediction of new phenomena and their pioneering quantum (cid:12)eld theory and various applications of variational/correlated-basisfunctionstoquantum(cid:13)uids,nuclear,condensedmatter September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316 Preface vii and other physics problems. Several co-workers and admirers, including Raymond Bishop, Anna Kusmartseva, Timo Hyart, Amalia Patan(cid:19)e, Dmitry Gulevich, Cyril AlekseevandmanyotherspaidtributetoJanZaanenorMikkoSaarelaorKliment Kugel. One of these, Jan Zaanen, proposed the existence of stripes in strongly correlated electron systems and is a leading (cid:12)gure in this area. The second, Mikko Saarela,isaninventoroftime-dependentvariationalmany-bodytheory.Hehasbeen a dynamic and dominant (cid:12)gure in the development and quantitative implementa- tion of correlated basis approaches to strongly interacting quantum many-body systemsacrossanamazingrangeofforms,fromheliumsystemsinbulk,(cid:12)lms,clus- ters,andmixtures,toCoulombsystemsinfermionicandbosonicversionsinvarious dimensions. The third one is Kliment Kugel, who has invented the highly popular Kugel-KhomskiiHamiltonian. There were severalspecial sessions.The workshopbegan with a highly popular session for outstanding young scientists, who presented many nice talks. There Amalia Patan(cid:19)e reported on the importance of electronic resonant traps, Anna Kusmartseva described electronic phase separation arising in low temperature su- perconductors created under high pressure at the insulator-metal-superconductor transition, Natalia Janson described how collective behaviour arises in a network of oscillating elements and how this depends on the type and strength of interac- tion between the units, and on the dynamics of individual units, Jim Hague spoke about the network formation of embolic strokes and about measures to avoid this Fig.2. KazuoKadowakirevewstheTHzgapandT-rayphysics. September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316 viii Preface Fig.3. Audienceatthesymposiumforoutstanding youngscientists. Fig.4. AlexanderBalatskydescribesDiracmaterials. and Dmitry Gulevich described novel (cid:13)ux cloning and related phenomena which may be observed in Josephson junctions. These and many other talks stimulated long discussions lasting to the end of the conference. In a session dedicated to the physics of T-rays,Richard Klemm described the geometryof T-raysradiated from September 30, 2009 11:37 WSPC/140-IJMPB 06316 Preface ix Fig.5. AlexZagoskindescribesthenewconcept ofquantummetamaterials. layeredsuperconductorsandCyrilAlekseevdescribedasemiconductorsuperlattice as a most promising source of T-rays. A third session was dedicated to electronic phase separations. Those speaking at the special sessions included Gabriel Aeppli and Man- fred Ristig, as well as Alex Zagoskin, Serge Saveliev, Bilal Tanatar, John Clark and Mikko Saarela, most of whom have been closely collaborating with each other during and after the workshop. One may also note the interesting talks Fig.6. PosterbyHanaaHassan.
The list of books you might like
