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Conceptual Bases of Professional Nursing PDF

1591 Pages·2014·21.195 MB·English
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LEDDY & PEPPER’S Conceptual Bases of Professional Nursing Lucy Jane Hood, RN, PhD Professor St. Luke’s College of Health Sciences Kansas City, Missouri Edition 8 2 Acquisitions Editor: Christina Burns Product Development Editor: Eve Malakoff-Klein Production Project Manager: Priscilla Crater Designer: Holly Reid McLaughlin Illustration: Jennifer Clements Manufacturing Coordinator: Karin Duffield Composition: Aptara, Inc. 8th edition © 2014, 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins © 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. © 1998 Lippincott-Raven Publishers. 351 West Camden Street Baltimore, MD 21201 Two Commerce Square/2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at [email protected]. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in China ISBN: 978-1-4511-8792-2 Cataloging-in-Publication data is available on request from the publisher. Disclaimer Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in his or her clinical practice. To purchase additional copies of this book, call our customer service department at (800) 638-3030 or fax orders to (301) 223-2320. International customers should call (301) 223-2300. Visit Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins online at www.lww.com. Customer service representatives are available from 8:30 A.M. to 6:00 P.M. EST. 3 T o all professional nurses who have a passion for nursing that enables them to share their values, beliefs, and skills to make differences in the lives of others and to shape the nursing profession. To Dr. Susan Leddy and Dr. Mae Pepper, who saw the need for a textbook for registered nurses who were continuing their educational endeavors. To all the readers of this text who have the courage to take the risk of returning to school or pursing a professional nursing career. To the following persons whose actions, values, and beliefs enabled me to live out my dream of being a professional nurse: my parents, Bob and Helen Chamberlin; Mary Belle Hickey, RN, my first nurse manager, who always challenged me to be the best possible nurse and gave me the confidence to pursue higher education; my dear mentor, Dr. Susan Leddy, professor of nursing who showed me the essence of nursing scholarship; and my loving husband, Michael, who selflessly gives me the time, support, and humor to live out my dreams. L.J.H. 4 In Memory J. Mae Pepper January 18, 1936–March 19, 1997 For 20 years, Mae was Susan Leddy’s colleague, coauthor, mentor, and friend. In 1977, Mae joined the faculty at Mercy College in Dobbs Ferry, New York. Mae’s previous teaching experience at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, New York University, and Bronx Community College, as well as her vision, wisdom, and dedication, was crucial to the development and accreditation of the new baccalaureate program for registered nurses and to the subsequent development of the first master’s program at the College. Mae held the position of Chairperson of the Nursing program from 1981 until her sudden death in March 1997 from a ruptured aortic aneurysm. Although she talked for years about leaving administration in order to do more scholarly work, she continued to serve as Chair out of a sense of duty and responsibility. She was devoted to the students and faculty, and very conscientious in her service to the College and many civic and professional organizations. Mae found time to read voraciously, listen to music, care for animals, and to enjoy outdoor white-water rafting, camping, and bird watching. She loved her garden, was a careful craftsperson in her furniture refinishing, and liked to go to garage sales and flea markets looking for collectibles. Mae had a good sense of humor and loved a good time. Devoted to her friends and family, she willingly gave time and attention to anyone who asked. She was a great listener, and her counsel was always wise and kind. Mae lived her belief in mutuality, genuineness, and respect for others. 5 Susan Kun Leddy February 23, 1939–February 23, 2007 For 14 years, Susan was my mentor and friend. We met in 1993 when I became a doctoral student at Widener University. Susan had a long distinguished career in nursing education. She set high academic standards for herself and also expected her students to attain them. Her favorite question posed to us was “So what?” thereby forcing us to verify the significance of what we said or wrote. Susan earned a bachelor of science nursing degree from Skidmore College in New York in 1960. In 1965, she completed a master of science in nursing degree from Boston University. She completed a doctor of philosophy degree in 1973 at New York University. Never wanting to stop learning, she did postdoctoral work at Harvard University in 1985 and the University of Pennsylvania from 1996 to 1998. During her first 4 years as a nurse educator, Susan taught in diploma schools and taught in the baccalaureate program at Columbia University before completing her doctoral studies. She and three other faculties founded the RN-BSN program at Pace University. In 1976, she was asked to do a feasibility study and generate a proposal to the state of New York to develop a new RN-to-BSN nursing program at Mercy College. As program chair, Susan and Mae Pepper both opened the program in 1977. The two of them realized the need for a textbook to meet the needs of registered nurses returning to school for baccalaureate education and co- wrote Conceptual Bases for Nursing Practice that was first published in 1981. After a trip to Wyoming, Susan became enthralled with the mountains. She moved to the state and became the first dean of the School of Nursing at the University of Wyoming in 1981. In 1984, she was appointed as the Dean of the reconstituted Colleges of Health Sciences at the University of Wyoming. In 1988, she returned to the East Coast as the Dean of the School of Nursing at Widener University in Chester, Pennsylvania until 1993 when she gave up her administrative position to assume teaching responsibilities mainly in the doctoral program. Susan was a prolific scholar and has many journal publications. After her retirement and while battling breast cancer, Susan continued to write. In addition to previous editions of this text, she authored Integrative Health Promotion: Conceptual Bases for Nursing Practice and Health Promotion: Mobilizing Strengths to Enhance Health, Wellness & Well-Being. Both of these books received Book of the Year Awards from the American Journal of Nursing. Susan made time to travel and visited nearly every place in the world. She found her trips exhilarating and stimulating. She incorporated many of the ideas from her travels into her Human Energy Model. Susan also enjoyed quilting, weaving, and dabbling in watercolors. She was very energetic and always had a project to accomplish. Susan deeply loved her daughters, Deborah and Erin, and made certain that they 6 had what they needed to pursue successful lives. She adored her granddaughter, Katie, who always got her to laugh and smile even through some very rough times. Susan exemplified the life of a true scholar, superb teacher, and devoted mother. It is my hope to live up to the standards of my beloved mentor and friend. I miss her great words of wisdom and support. 7 Reviewers Marinda Allender, MSN Assistant Professor Department of Nursing Texas Christian University Fort Worth, Texas 8 Margaret Blauvelt, BSN, MSE, MSN Associate Professor of Nursing Department of Nursing University of Saint Francis Fort Wayne, Indiana 9 Marcy Caplin, MSN, PhD (2016) Faculty College of Nursing Kent State University Kent, Ohio 10

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