Computing Essentials

417 Pages·2023·116.677 MB·English

by  Daniel A. O’Leary, Timothy J. O’Leary, Linda I. O’Leary

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Computing Essentials
IT
Making work for you
INTRODUCTORY 2023
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The O’Leary Series
•
Computing Concepts
• Computing Essentials 2017
• Computing Essentials 2019
• Computing Essentials 2021
• Computing Essentials 2023
Microsoft Office Applications
• Microsoft® Windows 7: A Case Approach
• Microsoft® Office 2013: A Case Approach
• Microsoft® Office Word 2013: A Case Approach Introductory Edition
• Microsoft® Office Excel 2013: A Case Approach Introductory Edition
• Microsoft® Office Access 2013: A Case Approach Introductory Edition
• Microsoft® Office PowerPoint 2013: A Case Approach Introductory Edition
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Computing Essentials
IT
Making work for you
INTRODUCTORY 2023
Daniel A. O’Leary
Professor
City College of San Francisco
Timothy J. O’Leary
Professor Emeritus
Arizona State University
Linda I. O’Leary
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COMPUTING ESSENTIALS
Published by McGraw Hill LLC, 1325 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10019. Copyright ©2023 by
McGraw Hill LLC. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication
may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system,
without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill LLC, including, but not limited to, in any network or
other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning.
Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside
the United States.
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LWI 27 26 25 24 23 22
ISBN 978-1-265-26321-8
MHID 1-265-26321-3
Cover Image: metamorworks/Shutterstock
All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page.
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a website
does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw Hill LLC, and McGraw Hill LLC does not
guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites.
mheducation.com/highered
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Dedication
•
To Jackie, a friend and quiet companion of over 20 years.
You will be missed.
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Brief Contents
1 Information Technology, the Internet, and You 2
2 The Internet, the Web, and Electronic Commerce 24
3 Application Software 56
4 System Software 84
5 The System Unit 108
6 Input and Output 134
7 Secondary Storage 164
8 Communications and Networks 186
9 Privacy, Security, and Ethics 214
10 Information Systems 246
11 Databases 268
12 Systems Analysis and Design 292
13 Programming and Languages 316
The Evolution of the Computer Age 347
The Computer Buyer’s Guide 358
Glossary 362
Index 383
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Contents
Communication 35
1
Social Networking 35
Blogs, Microblogs, Podcasts, and Wikis 36
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY,
Messaging 37
THE INTERNET, AND YOU 2 E-mail 38
Search Tools 40
Introduction 4
Search Engines 40
Information Systems 4 Content Evaluation 40
People 6 Electronic Commerce 41
Software 7 Security 42
System Software 7 Cloud Computing 43
Application Software 8
The Internet of Things 45
Making IT work for you: Careers in IT 45
A Look to the Future:
Free Antivirus Program 9
Home Smart Home 46
Hardware 10
Types of Computers 10
Visual Summary 47
Cell Phones 11
Key Terms 51
Personal Computer Hardware 11
Multiple Choice 52
Data 13
Matching 53
Connectivity and the Mobile Internet 14 Open-Ended 54
Careers in IT 15 Discussion 54
A Look to the Future: Using and Understanding
Information Technology 16
3
Visual Summary 17

Key Terms 20
Multiple Choice 21 APPLICATION SOFTWARE 56
Matching 22
Introduction 58
Open-Ended 22
Discussion 23 Application Software 58
App Stores 58
User Interface 58
2 Common Features 61
Mobile Apps 61
THE INTERNET, THE WEB, AND Apps 61
General-Purpose Applications 62
ELECTRONIC COMMERCE 24
Word Processors 62
Introduction 26 Presentation Software 65
Spreadsheets 66
The Internet and the Web 26
Database Management Systems 68
Making IT work for you: Specialized Applications 69
Graphics Programs 69
Online Entertainment 28
Video Game Design Software 70
Internet Access 31 Web Authoring Programs 71
Providers 31 Other Specialized Applications 72
Browsers 31 Software Suites 72
Web Utilities 33 Office Suites 72
Filters 33 Cloud Computing 72
File Transfer Utilities 33 Specialized and Utility Suites 72
Internet Security Suites 34 Careers in IT 73
viii
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Making IT work for you: Making IT work for you:
Cloud Office Suites 74 Gaming 112
A Look to the Future: The New Workplace Wearable Computers 114
Realities 76 Components 114
System Board 115
Visual Summary 77 Microprocessor 116
Key Terms 80 Microprocessor Chips 116
Multiple Choice 81 Specialty Processors 117
Matching 82 Memory 118
Open-Ended 82 RAM 118
Discussion 83 ROM 118
Flash Memory 118
Expansion Cards and Slots 119
4
Bus Lines 120
Expansion Buses 120
SYSTEM SOFTWARE 84 Ports 121
Standard Ports 121
Introduction 86
Specialized Ports 121
System Software 86
Cables 122
Operating Systems 87
Power Supply 122
Functions 87
Electronic Data and Instructions 123
Features 88
Numeric Representation 123
Categories 89
Character Encoding 124
Mobile Operating Systems 90
Careers in IT 125
Desktop Operating Systems 91
Windows 91 A Look to the Future: Brain–Computer
macOS 91 Interfaces 126
UNIX and Linux 92
Virtualization 92 Visual Summary 127
Utilities 93 Key Terms 130
Multiple Choice 131
Making IT work for you: Matching 132
Open-Ended 132
Virtual Assistant 94
Discussion 133
Operating System Utilities 96
Utility Suites 99
Careers in IT 99
6
A Look to the Future: Making Better Computers
by Making Them More Human 100
INPUT AND OUTPUT 134
Visual Summary 101 Introduction 136
Key Terms 104 What Is Input? 136
Multiple Choice 105 Keyboard Entry 136
Matching 106 Keyboards 136
Open-Ended 106 Pointing Devices 138
Discussion 107 Touch Screens 138
Mice 138
Game Controllers 138
5 Scanning Devices 139

Optical Scanners 139
THE SYSTEM UNIT 108 Card Readers 140
Bar Code Readers 140
Introduction 110 RFID Readers 141
System Unit 110 Character and Mark Recognition
Smartphones 110 Devices 141
Tablets 110 Image-Capturing Devices 141
Laptops 111 Digital Cameras 141
Desktops 111 Webcams 142
CONTENTS ix
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