Computational Logic PDF
Preview Computational Logic
Handbook of the History of Logic Volume 9 Computational Logic Handbook of the History of Logic Series Editors Dov M. Gabbay John Woods Handbook of the History of Logic Computational Logic Volume 9 Volume edited by Jörg H. Siekmann German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany Series edited by Don M. Gabbay Department of Computer Science King’s College London Strand, London, UK John Woods Philosophy Department University of British Columbia Vancouver, BC Canada and Department of Computer Science King’s College London Strand, London, UK and Department of Philosophy University of Lethbridge Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO North Holland is an imprint of Elsevier North Holland is an imprint of Elsevier Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands The Boulevard, Langford lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, UK 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA First edition 2014 Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. ISBN: 978-0-444-51624-4 ISSN: 1874-5857 For information on all North Holland publications visit our web site at http://store.elsevier.com/ CONTENTS Editorial Note vii J¨org Siekmann and Dov Gabbay List of Authors and Readers viii Part I. Introduction Computational Logic 15 J¨org Siekmann Logic and the Development of the Computer 31 Martin Davis Part II. General What is a Logical System? An Evolutionary View: 1964–2014 41 Dov Gabbay Part III. Automated Reasoning Interactive Theorem Proving 135 John Harrison, Josef Urban and Freek Wiedijk Automation of Higher Order Logic 215 Christoph Benzmu¨ller and Dale Miller Equational Logics and Rewriting 255 Claude Kirchner and H´el`ene Kirchner Possibilistic Logic — An Overview 283 Didier Dubois and Henri Prade Computerizing Mathematical Text 343 Fairouz Kamareddine, Joe Wells, Christoph Zengler and Henk Barendregt vi Contents Part IV. Computer Science Concurrency Theory: a Historical Perspective on Coinduction 399 and Process Calculi Jos Baeten and Davide Sangiori Degrees of Unsolvability 443 Klaus Ambos-Spies and Peter A. Fejer Computational Complexity 495 Lance Fortnow and Steven Homer Logic Programming 523 Robert Kowalski Logic and Databases: A History of Deductive databases 571 Jack Minker, Dietmar Seipel and Carlo Zaniolo Logics for Intelligent Agents and Multi Agent Systems 629 John-Jules Ch. Meyer Description Logics 659 Matthias Knorr and Pascal Hitzler Logics for the Semantic Web 679 Pascal Hitzler, Jens Lehmann and Axel Polleres Index 711 EDITORIAL NOTE J¨org Siekmann and Dov Gabbay Becauseofspaceandtimeconsiderations, notalltopicscouldbecoveredbychap- ters in this Handbook. They will appear in a separate publication soon. CONTRIBUTORS AUTHORS Klaus Ambos-Spies Heidelberg University, Germany. [email protected] Jos Baeten CWI Amsterdam, The Netherlands. [email protected] Henk Barendregt Radboud University Nijmegen, The Netherlands. [email protected] Christoph Benzmu¨ller Freie Universit¨at Berlin, Gemany. [email protected] Martin Davis New York University, USA. [email protected] Didier Dubois IRIT, France. [email protected] Peter A. Fejer University of Massachusetts Boston, USA. [email protected] Lance Fortnow Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. [email protected] Dov Gabbay BarIlanUniversity,Israel;King’sCollegeLondon,UK;UniversityofLuxembourg, Luxembourg; University of Manchester, UK. [email protected] John R. Harrison Intel Corporation, USA. [email protected] Contributors ix Pascal Hitzler Wright State University, USA. [email protected] Steven Homer Boston University, USA. [email protected] Fairouz Kamareddine Herriot Watt University, UK. [email protected] Matthias Knorr Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal. [email protected] Robert Kowalski Imperial College London, UK [email protected] Claude Kirchner Inria, France. [email protected] H´el`ene Kirchner Inria, France. [email protected] Jens Lehmann University of Leipzig, Germany [email protected] John-Jules Meyer Universiteit Utrecht, The Netherlands. [email protected] Dale Miller Inria, France. [email protected] Jack Minker University of Maryland, USA. [email protected] Henri Prade IRIT, France. [email protected] Davide Sangiorgi University of Bologna, Italy. [email protected]
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