Computational Biomechanics for Medicine Adam Wittek • Poul M.F. Nielsen • Karol Miller Editors Computational Biomechanics for Medicine Soft Tissues and the Musculoskeletal System 123 Editors AdamWittek KarolMiller IntelligentSystemsforMedicineLaboratory IntelligentSystemsforMedicineLaboratory SchoolofMechanicalandChemical SchoolofMechanicalandChemical Engineering Engineering TheUniversityofWesternAustralia TheUniversityofWesternAustralia 35StirlingHighway 35StirlingHighway 6009Crawley/Perth 6009Crawley/Perth WesternAustralia WesternAustralia Australia Australia [email protected] [email protected] PoulM.F.Nielsen DepartmentofEngineeringScience AucklandBioengineeringInstitute TheUniversityofAuckland PrivateBag92019 Auckland1142 NewZealand [email protected] ISBN978-1-4419-9618-3 e-ISBN978-1-4419-9619-0 DOI10.1007/978-1-4419-9619-0 SpringerNewYorkDordrechtHeidelbergLondon LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2011928799 (cid:2)c SpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC2011 Allrightsreserved.Thisworkmaynotbetranslatedorcopiedinwholeorinpartwithoutthewritten permission of the publisher (Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY10013, USA),except forbrief excerpts inconnection with reviews orscholarly analysis. Usein connectionwithanyformofinformationstorageandretrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware, orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdevelopedisforbidden. Theuseinthispublicationoftradenames,trademarks,servicemarks,andsimilarterms,eveniftheyare notidentifiedassuch,isnottobetakenasanexpressionofopinionastowhetherornottheyaresubject toproprietaryrights. Printedonacid-freepaper SpringerispartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia(www.springer.com) Preface A novel partnership between surgeons and machines, made possible by advances incomputingandengineeringtechnology,couldovercomemanyofthelimitations oftraditionalsurgery.Byextendingsurgeons’abilitytoplanandcarryoutsurgical interventions more accurately and with less trauma, computer-integrated surgery (CIS)systemscouldhelptoimproveclinicaloutcomesandtheefficiencyofhealth care delivery. CIS systems could have a similar impact on surgery to that long since realized in computer-integratedmanufacturing. Mathematical modeling and computersimulationhaveprovedtremendouslysuccessfulinengineering.Compu- tationalmechanicshasenabledtechnologicaldevelopmentsin virtuallyeveryarea ofourlives.Oneofthegreatestchallengesformechanistsistoextendthesuccess ofcomputationalmechanicstofieldsoutsidetraditionalengineering,inparticularto biology,thebiomedicalsciences,andmedicine. ComputationalBiomechanicsforMedicineWorkshopserieswasestablishedin 2006withthefirstmeetingheldinCopenhagen.Thefifthworkshopwasheldincon- junction with the Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention Conference(MICCAI 2010)in Beijing on24 September2010.Itprovidedan op- portunityforspecialistsincomputationalsciencestopresentandexchangeopinions onthepossibilitiesofapplyingtheirtechniquestocomputer-integratedmedicine. Computational Biomechanics for Medicine V was organized into two parts: “ComputationalBiomechanicsofSoftTissues,Flow,andInjuryBiomechanics”and “Computational Biomechanics of Musculoskeletal System and Its Tissues. Gen- eration of Patient-Specific Finite Element Meshes.” The application of advanced computationalmethodstothefollowingareaswasdiscussed: • Medicalimageanalysis • Image-guidedsurgery • Surgicalsimulation • Surgicalinterventionplanning • Diseaseprognosisanddiagnosis • Injurymechanismanalysis Afterarigorousreviewofmanuscripts(8–12pages),weaccepted13paperswhich are includedin thisvolume.Theproceedingsalso includeabstractsoftwo invited v vi Preface lecturesbyworld-leadingresearcherProfessorMingZhangfromTheHongKong PolytechnicUniversity,andTsuyoshiYasuki,GeneralManagerofAdvancedCAE DivisionatToyotaMotorCorporation,Japan. Information about Computational Biomechanics for Medicine Workshops, including proceedings of previous meetings is available at http://cbm.mech.uwa. edu.au/. We thank the MICCAI 2010 organizers for help with administering the work- shop,theinvitedlecturersfordeepinsightsintotheirresearchfields,theauthorsfor submittinghighqualitywork,andthereviewersforhelpingwithpaperselection. Crawley,WA KarolMiller Auckland,NewZealand PoulM.F.Nielsen Crawley,WA AdamWittek Contents Part I ComputationalBiomechanics of Soft Tissues, Flow and Injury Biomechanics DevelopmentofTotalHumanModel forSafetyVersion4 CapableofInternalOrganInjuryPrediction................................... 3 TsuyoshiYasuki InvestigationofBrainTraumaBiomechanicsinVehicleTraffic AccidentsUsingHumanBodyComputationalModels ........................ 5 JikuangYang BloodFlowSimulationinaGiantIntracranialAneurysm andItsValidationbyDigitalSubtractionAngiography....................... 15 HarveyHo,JianWu,andPeterHunter PatientSpecificHemodynamics:Combined4DFlow-Sensitive MRIandCFD ...................................................................... 27 A.F.Stalder,Z.Liu,J.Hennig,J.G.Korvink,K.C.Li, andM.Markl The Effects of Young’sModulus on Predicting Prostate DeformationforMRI-GuidedInterventions.................................... 39 StephenMcAnearney,AndriyFedorov,GrandR.Joldes, NobuhikoHata,ClareTempany,KarolMiller,andAdamWittek Onthe EffectsofModelComplexityin ComputingBrain DeformationforImage-GuidedNeurosurgery ................................. 51 Jiajie Ma, Adam Wittek, Benjamin Zwick, GrandR. Joldes, SimonK.Warfield,andKarolMiller vii viii Contents TotalLagrangianExplicitDynamics-BasedSimulation ofTissueTearing ................................................................... 63 KumarVemaganti,GrandR.Joldes,KarolMiller, andAdamWittek Real-TimeNonlinearFiniteElementComputationsonGPU: HandlingofDifferentElementTypes............................................ 73 GrandR.Joldes,AdamWittek,andKarolMiller MappingBreastCancerBetweenClinicalX-Ray andMRImages..................................................................... 81 HayleyM.Reynolds,JaykumarPuthran,AnthonyDoyle, WayneJones,PoulM.F.Nielsen,MartynP.Nash, andVijayRajagopal Cardiac Strain and RotationAnalysis Using Multi-scale OpticalFlow ........................................................................ 91 H.C.vanAssen,L.M.J.Florack,F.F.J.Simonis,J.J.M.Westenberg, andG.J.Strijkers PartII ComputationalBiomechanicsofMusculoskeletalSystem andItsTissues.GenerationofPatient-SpecificFiniteElementMeshes Computational Foot–Ankle–Knee Models for Joint BiomechanicsandFootwearDesign .............................................105 MingZhang SegmentationofSkeletalMuscleFibresforApplications inComputationalSkeletalMuscleMechanics..................................107 O.Ro¨hrle,H.Ko¨stler,andM.Loch A QuantitativeDescriptionof Pelvic Floor Muscle Fibre Organisation........................................................................119 XianiYan,JenniferA.Kruger,MartynP.Nash, andPoulM.F.Nielsen AnEvaluationofTetrahedralMeshGenerationforNonrigid RegistrationofBrainMRI........................................................131 Panagiotis A. Foteinos, Yixun Liu, Andrey N. Chernikov, andNikosP.Chrisochoides IncompressibleBiventricularModelConstructionandHeart Segmentationof4DTaggedMRI.................................................143 AlbertMontillo,DimitrisMetaxas,andLeonAxel Contributors LeonAxel DepartmentofRadiology,NewYorkUniversity,NewYork,NY,USA, [email protected] AndreyN.Chernikov ComputerScienceDepartment,OldDominionUniversity, Norfolk,VA23529,USA,[email protected] NikosP.Chrisochoides ComputerScienceDepartment,OldDominionUniversity, Norfolk,VA23529,USA,[email protected] AnthonyDoyle AucklandCityHospital,Auckland,NewZealand, [email protected] Andriy Fedorov Departmentof Radiology,Brighamand Women’s Hospital, HarvardMedicalSchool,75FrancisSt,Boston,MA02115,USA, [email protected] L.M.J.Florack DepartmentofMathematicsandComputerScience,Eindhoven UniversityofTechnology,Eindhoven,TheNetherlands,l.m.j.fl[email protected] Panagiotis A. Foteinos Computer Science Department, College of William andMary,VA23187,USA and ComputerScienceDepartment,Old DominionUniversity,Norfolk,VA 23529, USA,[email protected] Nobuhiko Hata Departmentof Radiology,Brigham and Women’s Hospital, HarvardMedicalSchool,75FrancisSt,Boston,MA02115,USA, [email protected] J.Hennig DepartmentofDiagnosticRadiology–MedicalPhysics,University Hospital,Freiburg,Germany and FreiburgInstituteforAdvancedStudies(FRIAS),Freiburg,Germany, [email protected] Harvey Ho Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, NewZealand,[email protected] ix