Comprehensive Textbook of Echocardiography, Volume 1 PDF
Preview Comprehensive Textbook of Echocardiography, Volume 1
Comprehensive Vol. 1 Textbook of Echocardiography . Comprehensive Vol. 1 Textbook of Echocardiography Editor Navin C Nanda MD Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Cardiovascular Disease and Director, Heart Station/Echocardiography Laboratories University of Alabama at Birmingham and the University of Alabama Health Services Foundation The Kirklin Clinic, Birmingham, Alabama, USA President, International Society of Cardiovascular Ultrasound Under the Aegis of The International Society of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and The Indian Academy of Echocardiography ® JAYPEE BROTHERS MEDICAL PUBLISHERS (P) LTD New Delhi • London • Philadelphia • Panama ® Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd Headquarters Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357 Fax: +91-11-43574314 Email: [email protected] Overseas Offices J.P. Medical Ltd Jaypee-Highlights. Jaypee Medical Inc. 83, Victoria Street, London Medical Publishers Inc The Bourse SW1H 0HW (UK) City of Knowledge, Bld. 237 111 South Independence Mall East Phone: +44-2031708910 Clayton, Panama City, Panama Suite 835, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA Fax: +02-03-0086180 Phone: +1 507-301-0496 Phone: +1 267-519-9789 Email: [email protected] Fax: +1 507-301-0499 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Jaypee Brothers Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 17/1-B Babar Road, Block-B Shorakhute, Kathmandu Shaymali, Mohammadpur Nepal Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh Phone: +00977-9841528578 Mobile: +08801912003485 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Website: www.jaypeedigital.com © 2014, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers The views and opinions expressed in this book are solely those of the original contributor(s)/author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of editor(s) of the book. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Medical knowledge and practice change constantly. This book is designed to provide accurate, authoritative information about the subject matter in question. However, readers are advised to check the most current information available on procedures included and check information from the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose, formula, method and duration of administration, adverse effects and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner to take all appropriate safety precautions. Neither the publisher nor the author(s)/ editor(s) assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from or related to use of material in this book. This book is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in providing professional medical services If such advice or services are required, the services of a competent medical professional should be sought. Every effort has been made where necessary to contact holders of copyright to obtain permission to reproduce copyright material. If any have been inadvertently overlooked, the publisher will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity. Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: [email protected] Comprehensive Textbook of Echocardiography (Vol. 1) First Edition: 2014 ISBN 978-93-5090-634-7 Printed at: Dedicated to My late parents Balwant Rai Nanda MD and Mrs Maya Vati Nanda My wife Kanta Nanda MD Our children Nitin Nanda, Anita Nanda Wasan MD and Anil Nanda MD Their spouses Sanjeev Wasan MD and Seema Tailor Nanda, and our grandchildren Vinay and Rajesh Wasan, and Nayna and Ria Nanda Contributors Masood Ahmad M D FRCP (C) FACP FACC Manreet Basra MBBS Monodeep Biswas MBBS MD FAHA FASE Professor of Medicine Division of Cardiology Division of Cardiology University at Buffalo School of Medicine Geisinger-Community Medical Department of Internal Medicine and Biological Sciences Center, and The Wright Center for University of Texas Medical Branch New York, USA Graduate Medical Education Galveston Texas, USA Scranton, Pennsylvania, USA Charles E Beale MD Dheeraj Arora DNB PDCC MNAMS Department of Medicine Steven Bleich MD Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Department of Medicine Institute of Critical Care and Anesthesia Stony Brook University Medical Center Division of Internal Medicine Medanta The Medicity Stony Brook, New York, USA University of Alabama at Birmingham Gurgaon, Haryana, India Birmingham, Alabama, USA Roy Beigel MD Mohammad Al-Admawi MD The Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical O Julian Booker MD King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Center, Los Angeles, California, USA Division of Cardiovascular Disease Research Center The Leviev Heart Center Sheba Medical University of Alabama at Birmingham Heart Center Center, Affiliated to the Sackler Birmingham, Alabama, USA Riyadh, Saudi Arabia School of Medicine Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel Eduardo Bossone MD PhD FCCP FESC FACC Bader Almahdi MD Via Principe Amedeo Lauro (AV), Italy King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Ricardo Benenstein MD Heart Department, University of Research Center Echocardiography and Vascular Lab Salerno, “Scuola Medica Salernitana” Heart Center Assistant Professor of Medicine Salerno, Italy Riyadh, Saudi Arabia New York University School of Medicine Department of Cardiac Surgery IRCCS New York, New York, USA Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy Ahmed Almomani MBBS Division of Cardiology Kunal Bhagatwala MBBS Luis Bowen MD Department of Medicine Division of Cardiovascular Disease Department of Medicine University of Texas Medical Branch University of Alabama at Birmingham University of Alabama at Birmingham Galveston, Texas, USA Birmingham, Alabama, USA Birmingham, Alabama, USA Neeraj Awasthy FNB Aditya Bharadwaj MD Gerald Buckberg MD Department of Cardiology Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Fortis Escorts Heart Institute Loma Linda University and David Geffen School of Medicine New Delhi, India VA Medical Centers University of California-Los Angeles Loma Linda, California, USA Los Angeles, California, USA Rula Balluz MD MPH Heart Center, St Christopher’s Hospital Aarti H Bhat MBBS Michael J Campbell MD for Children and Assistant Professor Department of Pediatrics Section of Cardiology Division of Pediatric Cardiology Division of Pediatric Cardiology Department of Pediatrics, Drexel Seattle Children’s Hospital and Duke University Medical Center University College of Medicine University of Washington Durham, North Carolina, USA Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA Seattle, Washington, USA Premindra PAN Chandraratna MD Piers Barker MD Nicole Bhave MD FRCP FACC Department of Pediatrics University Health Network Professor Emeritus Division of Pediatric Cardiology Toronto General Hospital Division of Cardiology Duke University Medical Center University of Toronto UC-Irvine School of Medicine Durham, North Carolina, USA Toronto, Ontario, Canada Irvine, California, USA viii Comprehensive Textbook of Echocardiography Leon H Charney Michele D’ Alto MD PhD Daniel Forsha MD Division of Cardiology Department of Cardiology Department of Pediatrics New York University Medical Center Second University of Naples: Division of Pediatric Cardiology New York, New York, USA Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy Duke University Medical Center Durham, North Carolina, USA Farooq A Chaudhry M D FACP FACC David Daly MD FASE FAHA Department of Medicine Gary P Foster MD Professor of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Cardiology Director, Echocardiography Laboratories Birmingham, Alabama, USA Loma Linda University and Associate Director, Mount Sinai Heart VA Medical Centers, Loma Linda Network, Icahn School of Medicine at Hisham Dokainish M D FRCPC California, USA Mount Sinai, Zena and Michael A Wiener Associate Professor of Medicine Cardiovascular Institute and McMaster University Leon J Frazin MD Marie-Josée and Henry R Kravis Center Director of Echocardiography and University of Illinois Hospital & Health for Cardiovascular Health Medical Diagnostic Units Science System New York, New York, USA Hamilton Health Sciences Jesse Brown VA Medical Center Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Chicago, Illinois, USA Preeti Chaurasia MD Division of Cardiovascular Disease Maximiliano German University of Alabama at Birmingham Naveen Garg MBBS Dip. Cardiology Amado Escañuela MD Birmingham, Alabama Fellow, Noninvasive Cardiac Lab Division of Cardiovascular Disease Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals University of Alabama at Birmingham Reema Chugh MD FACC New Delhi, India Birmingham, Alabama, USA Consultant in Cardiology/Specialist in Adult Congenital Heart Disease and Luna Gargani MD Bahaa M Fadel MD Heart Disease in Pregnancy Institute of Clinical Physiology King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Kaiser Permanente Medical Center National Research Council Research Center Panorama City, California, USA Pisa, Italy Heart Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Krishnaswamy Chandrasekaran MD Eleonora Gashi DO MPhil Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA Rochester, Minnesota, USA Abid Ali Fakhri MD Senior Cardiology Fellow Lenox Hill Hospital Fellow, Division of Cardiology Non-Invasive Cardiology Michael Chen MD Allegheny General Hospital New York, New York, USA Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA University of Washington Seattle, Washington DC, USA Francesco Faletra MD Robert P Gatewood Jr MD FACC HK Chopra MD Division of Cardiology Chief of Cardiac Services Moolchand City Hospital Fondazione Cardiocentro Ticino Kaleida Heath; Clinical Associate New Delhi, India Lugano, Switzerland Professor of Medicine University at Buffalo School of Cecil Coghlan MD Francesco Ferrara MD Medicine and Biological Sciences Buffalo Cardiology and Pulmonary Division of Cardiovascular Disease Heart Department, University of Salerno Associates, Main Street Williamsville University of Alabama at Birmingham “Scuola Medica Salernitana” New York, USA Birmingham, Alabama, USA Salerno, Italy Department of Internal Medicine and Neil L Coplan MD FACC Cardiovascular Sciences Shuping Ge MD FAAP FACC FASE Director, Division of Clinical Cardiology University “Federico II” of Naples Chief, Section of Cardiology Program Director, Cardiovascular Naples, Italy St Christopher’s Hospital for Children Fellowship, Lenox Hill Hospital Associate Professor of Pediatrics New York, USA Brandon Fornwalt MD PhD Drexel University College of Medicine Assistant Professor of Pediatrics Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA David Cosgrove MD Department of Pediatrics Acting Chair, Pediatric Cardiology Honorary Consultant University of Kentucky Deborah Heart and Lung Center Imperial and King's Colleges, London, UK Lexington, Kentucky, USA Browns Mills, New Jersey, USA Contributors ix Gopal Ghimire MD DM MRCP Donald Hagler MD Rachel Hughes-Doichev MD FASE Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo Clinic Temple University School of Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham Rochester, Minnesota, USA Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Birmingham, Alabama, USA Stephanie El-Hajj MD Arzu Ilercil MD Nina Ghosh MD Department of Internal Medicine Associate Professor of Medicine Louisiana State University Health Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Sciences Center University of South Florida Brigham and Women’s Hospital Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA Tampa, Florida, USA Harvard Medical School Francis Street Kamran Haleem MD Trevor Jenkins MD Boston, Massachusetts, USA Yale University Harrington Heart and New Haven, Connecticut, USA Vascular Institute Edward Gill MD University Hospital Case Professor of Medicine and Medical Center, Cleveland Dan G Halpern MD Cardiology, University of Washington Ohio, USA St Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital Center Seattle, Washington DC, USA Columbia University, College of Madhavi Kadiyala MD Physicians and Surgeons Rohit Gokhale MBBS New York, New York, USA Saint Francis Hospital, Roslyn University at Buffalo New York, USA Buffalo, New York, USA Rachel Harris MD MPH Arshad Kamel MD Morehouse School of Medicine Aasha S Gopal MS MD FACC FAHA FASE Section of Cardiology Department of Medicine University of Alabama at Huntsville Associate Professor of Medicine Assistant Professor Huntsville, Alabama, USA Stony Brook University Echo Lab Co-Director Stony Brook, New York, USA Grady Memorial Hospital Abdallah Kamouh MD Director, Advanced Echocardiography Atlanta, Georgia, USA University of Buffalo St Francis Hospital, Washington Blvd Buffalo, New York, USA Roslyn, New York, USA Christine Henri MD Department of Cardiology Poonam Malhotra Kapoor MD Willem Gorissen Heart Valve Disease Clinic All India Institute of CHU Sart Tilman, University of Clinical Market Manager Medical Sciences Liège, Belgium Toshiba Medical Systems Europe New Delhi, India Zoetermeer, The Netherlands Julien IE Hoffman MD Kanwal K Kapur MD Department of Pediatrics Luis Gruberg MD FACC DM Cardiology, Sr Consultant and Chief University of California Department of Medicine Noninvasive Cardiology San Francisco, California, USA Division of Cardiovascular Diseases Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals Stony Brook University Medical Center New Delhi, India Stony Brook, New York, USA Brian D Hoit MD Department of Noninvasive Cardiology Director of Echocardiography Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals Harrington Heart & Vascular Center New Delhi, India Rakesh Gupta MD University Hospitals of Cleveland JROP Healthcare Texas, USA Nidhi M Karia MBBS New Delhi, India Division of Cardiovascular Disease Steven J Horn MD FACC FASE FASNC University of Alabama at Birmingham Fadi G Hage MD SUNY Buffalo Birmingham, Alabama, USA Division of Cardiovascular Disease Buffalo, New York, USA University of Alabama at Birmingham Jarosław D Kasprzak MD Birmingham, Alabama, USA Ming Chon Hsiung MD Chair and Department of Cardiology Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Cardiologist Biegański Hospital Veteran’s, Administration Medical Center Cheng Hsin General Hospital Medical University of Lodz Birmingham, Alabama, USA Taipei, Taiwan Lodz, Poland
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