Comprehensive Neonatal Nursing Care

1022 Pages·2013·29.062 MB·English

by  Carole Kenner, Judy Lott

Carole Kenner
Judy Wright Lott
EDITORS
F I F T H E D I T I O N
C O M P R E H E N S I V E
NEONATAL
NURSING CARE
Contents in Brief
Unit i Prenatal Considerations and Care Unit Vi enVironmental HealtH and family-
Centered Care in tHe niCU and
Chapter 1 Fetal Development: Environmental Influences and
beyond
Critical Periods 1
Chapter 2 Prenatal, Intrapartal, and Postpartal Chapter 30 Neurobehavioral Development 689
Risk Factors 28 Chapter 31 The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
Environment 722
Unit ii intraPartal and newborn Care Chapter 32 Family: Essential Partner in Care 739
Chapter 3 Resuscitation and Stabilization of the Newborn Chapter 33 Palliative and End-of-Life Care 766
and Infant 55
Chapter 34 Complementary and Integrative
Chapter 4 Assessment of the Newborn and Infant 71 Therapies 773
Chapter 5 Normal Term Newborn 113 Chapter 35 Postdischarge Care of the Newborn, Infant,
and Families 783
Unit iii systems assessment and
management of disorders
Unit Vii neonatal Care in tHe new
Chapter 6 Respiratory System 133 millenniUm: CHallenges and
Chapter 7 Cardiovascular System 152 oPPortUnities
Chapter 8 Gastrointestinal System 189 Chapter 36 Trends in Neonatal Care Delivery 809
Chapter 9 Metabolic System 229 Chapter 37 Neonatal Care Using Informatics 817
Chapter 10 Endocrine System 253 Chapter 38 Human Genetics and Genomics: Impact on
Chapter 11 Immune System 278 Neonatal Care 829
Chapter 12 Integumentary System 299 Chapter 39 Trends in Neonatal Research and Evidence-Based
Practice 849
Chapter 13 Hematologic System 334
Chapter 40 Legal and Ethical Issues in Neonatal Care 863
Chapter 14 Musculoskeletal System 376
Chapter 41 Neonatal Care From a Global Perspective 868
Chapter 15 Neurologic System 392
Chapter 42 Competency-Based Education and Continued
Chapter 16 Auditory System 438
Competency 874
Chapter 17 Ophthalmic System 450
Chapter 18 Genitourinary System 472
Unit Viii neonatal diagnostiC and Care
ProtoCols
Unit iV sPeCial Considerations
I Diagnostic Processes 887
Chapter 19 Fluids, Electrolytes, Vitamins, and Minerals 509
II Developmental Care for the Sick and
Chapter 20 Nutrition Management of Preterm Infant 925
Premature Infants 530 III Neonatal Transport 932
Chapter 21 Neonatal and Infant Pharmacology 545 IV Introduction to Vascular Access 939
V Age-Appropriate Care of the Premature and
Chapter 22 Emerging Technologies in Neonatal Care:
Hospitalized Infant 943
Health Care Simulation for Neonatal
VI Competency Education in the NICU 947
Care 559
VII Transfusion Guidelines 953
Chapter 23 Pain in the Newborn and Infant 571
VIII Management of Jaundice in the
Chapter 24 Fetal Therapy 587 Newborn Nursery 954
Chapter 25 Surgical Considerations in the Newborn IX Newborn Whole-Body Cooling Protocol 956
and Infant 608
Chapter 26 Emerging Infections 619 aPPendix a Neonatal Nurses and Interconception
Care 959
Unit V VUlnerable PoPUlations
aPPendix b Conversion Table to Standard International (SI)
Chapter 27 Newborn or Infant Transplant Patient 641 Units 961
Chapter 28 Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight (ELBW)
Infant 658 aPPendix C Frequently Used Reference Values and
Conversions 964
Chapter 29 The Late Preterm Infant 679
Comprehensive
Neonatal Nursing Care
Carole Kenner, PhD, RNC-NIC, NNP, FAAN, is nationally and internationally known for her policy-
setting work to establish rights of the neonate, standards for the care of the neonate, and the reduction of
infant mortality worldwide. Dr. Kenner holds many titles, including Dean/Professor, School of Nursing, and
Associate Dean, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, at Northeastern University, Boston. She also serves as
President, Consultants with Confidence, Inc., West Roxbury, MA; Executive Director and Founder of the
Council of International Neonatal Nurses, Inc.; and Trainer, End-of-Life Nursing Education Consortium
in Pediatric Palliative Care (ELNEC), Washington, DC. She has published more than 100 peer-reviewed
journal articles, 30 books, and at least 80 book chapters. Dr. Kenner has participated as PI, Co-PI, or
Consultant on nearly 60 research grants. She is a member of four honorary organizations, including
the American Academy of Nursing (AAN) (elected 1994) and is a member of numerous review panels,
editorial boards, and consultant groups. In 2010 Dr. Kenner received the prestigious Audrey Hepburn
Award for Contributions to the Health and Welfare for Children, from Sigma Theta Tau International.
Judy Wright Lott, PhD, NNP-BC, FAAN, is the Founding Dean of the nursing program at Wesleyan
College in Macon, GA. She served as Dean, Baylor University Louise Herrington School of Nursing
(TX) from 2002 to 2012. Dr. Lott has served as a Neonatal NP (NNP) (2004–2005); Associate
Professor of Nursing and Director of NNP Specialty, at the University of Cincinnati College of Nursing
(1996–2002); and Assistant Professor, Neonatal Graduate specialty, University of Florida College of
Nursing (1986–1990). She has worked in the clinical setting in various capacities since 1976. From
1992 to 1996, she was the NNP Service Director/Associate Professor of Nursing (joint appointment)
at the Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Nursing, where she also
was responsible for the administration of the NNP Service of the Level III NICU (1992–1996); and
NNP Coordinator, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC, where she was responsible for 12 NNPs.
Dr. Lott was inducted into the AAN (2003), the AACN Fuld Leadership for Academic Nursing Program
(2003–2004), and Visiting Professor for the Perinatal Society of Australia and NZ (2001). Dr. Lott has
coauthored three editions of Comprehensive Neonatal Nursing Care with Dr. Kenner. Dr. Lott has been
invited to deliver over 40 presentations, over 60 presentations at national professional meetings, and 17
research presentations. She has published over 20 peer-reviewed journal articles, 30 book chapters, and
has been awarded 6 funded research grants, including a $260,000 grant from NINR.
Comprehensive
Neonatal Nursing Care
Fifth Edition
editors
Carole Kenner, , - , ,
PhD RNC NIC NNP FAAN
Judy Wright Lott, , - ,
PhD NNP BC FAAN
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Comprehensive neonatal nursing care / editors, Carole Kenner, Judy Wright Lott.—Fifth edition.
p. ; cm.
Preceded by: Comprehensive neonatal care / [edited by] Carole Kenner, Judy Wright Lott. 4th edition. c2007.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-8261-0975-0—ISBN 978-0-8261-0976-7 (e-book)
I. Kenner, Carole, editor of compilation. II. Lott, Judy Wright, 1953- editor of compilation.
[DNLM: 1. Neonatal Nursing. 2. Infant, Newborn, Diseases—nursing. WY 157.3]
RJ253
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2013020803
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I wish to first express my appreciation, love, and support for my Dad who turned 101 in 2012. He still
gets excited when a new edition is published. Thank you, Dad, from both of us as Judy also has grown close
to you over the years.
Carole
I would like to thank my daughter, husband, and sisters for their love, support, and patience through
not only this edition, but the previous editions as well.
Judy
Together we would like to express our appreciation for the assistance of Margaret Zuccarini, from
Springer Publishing Company, who is a longtime trusted colleague who guided this project to a s uccessful
birth. Thank you for believing in this project. A special thank you goes to Chris Teja from Springer for all
your assistance and guidance through the development and publication. We really enjoyed working with
both of you. Also, we would like to thank Jan Zasada for her tireless efforts to try to keep us organized and
on track. And of course, thanks to all the authors who provided their expertise. Finally, we want to thank the
professionals across the globe who take care of the babies and their families.
Judy Wright Lott and Carole Kenner

Contents
Contributors ix 13. Hematologic System 334
Past Contributors to the Fourth Edition xiii Gail A. Bagwell
Foreword Linda S. Franck, PhD, RN, FRCPCH, FAAN xv 14. Musculoskeletal System 376
Preface xvii Joyce M. Butler and Beth Mullins
Acknowledgments xxi
15. Neurologic System 392
Georgia R. Ditzenberger and Susan Tucker Blackburn
Unit i: Prenatal Considerations and Care
16. Auditory System 438
Kathleen Haubrich
1. Fetal Development: Environmental Influences and Critical
Periods 1 17. Ophthalmic System 450
Cindy M. Little Lori Baas Rubarth and Debra M. Parker
2. Prenatal, Intrapartal, and Postpartal Risk Factors 28 18. Genitourinary System 472
Beverly Bowers Leslie A. Parker
Unit iV: sPeCial Considerations
Unit ii: intraPartal and newborn Care
19. Fluids, Electrolytes, Vitamins, and Minerals 509
3. Resuscitation and Stabilization of the Newborn and
Sergio DeMarini and Linda L. Rath
Infant 55
Gail A. Bagwell 20. Nutrition Management of Premature Infants 530
Diane M. Anderson
4. Assessment of the Newborn and Infant 71
Terri A. Cavaliere and Debra A. Sansoucie 21. Neonatal and Infant Pharmacology 545
Beth Shields
5. Normal Term Newborn 113
Cheryl Riley, Becky Spencer, and Lyn S. Prater 22. Emerging Technologies in Neonatal Care: Health Care
Simulation for Neonatal Care 559
Jennifer Arnold
Unit iii: systems assessment and management
of disorders 23. Pain in the Newborn and Infant 571
Marlene Walden
6. Respiratory System 133 24. Fetal Therapy 587
Thomas D. Soltau and Waldemar A. Carlo Jody A. Farrell
7. Cardiovascular System 152 25. Surgical Considerations in the Newborn and Infant 608
Judy Wright Lott Kaye Spence
8. Gastrointestinal System 189 26. Emerging Infections 619
Sheryl J. Montrowl Kathryn R. McLean
9. Metabolic System 229
Unit V: VUlnerable PoPUlations
Laura A. Stokowski
10. Endocrine System 253
27. Newborn or Infant Transplant Patient 641
Laura A. Stokowski
Linda MacKenna Ikuta and Kathleen P. Juco
11. Immune System 278
28. Extremely-Low-Birth-Weight (ELBW) Infant 658
Mary Beth Bodin
Shahirose S. Premji
12. Integumentary System 299
29. The Late Preterm Infant 679
Carolyn Houska Lund and Joanne McManus Kuller
Maureen F. McCourt
vii
viii n ContEnts
Unit Vi: enVironmental HealtH and family- Unit Viii: neonatal diagnostiC and Care
Centered Care in tHe niCU and beyond ProtoCols
30. Neurobehavioral Development 689 I Diagnostic Processes 887
Diane Holditch-Davis and Susan Tucker Blackburn Samual Mooneyham
31. The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) II Developmental Care for the Sick and
Environment 722 Preterm Infant 925
Leslie Altimier and Robert D. White Caitlin Bradley and Rachel Ritter
32. Family: Essential Partner in Care 739 III Neonatal Transport 932
Jacqueline M. McGrath Dorothy M. Mullaney
33. Palliative and End-of-Life Care 766 IV Introduction to Vascular Access 939
Carole Kenner Elizabeth L. Sharpe
34. Complementary and Integrative Therapies 773 V Age-Appropriate Care of the Premature and
Nadine A. Kassity-Krich and Jamieson E. Jones Hospitalized Infant 943
35. Postdischarge Care of the Newborn, Infant, and Mary E. Coughlin
Families 783 VI Competency Education in the NICU 947
Marina Boykova, Carole Kenner, and Susan Ellerbee Wakako Eklund
VII Transfusion Guidelines 953
Unit Vii: neonatal Care in tHe new millenniUm:
Gail A. Bagwell
CHallenges and oPPortUnities
VIII Management of Jaundice in the Newborn
Nursery 954
36. Trends in Neonatal Care Delivery 809
Gail A. Bagwell
Carole Kenner and Jana L. Pressler
IX Newborn Whole-Body Cooling Protocol 956
37. Neonatal Care Using Informatics 817
Georgia R. Ditzenberger and
Susan K. Newbold, Willa H. Drummond, and
Susan Tucker Blackburn
Tony C. Carnes
38. Human Genetics and Genomics: Impact on Appendix A: Neonatal Nurses and Interconception Care 959
Neonatal Care 829 Merry K. Moos
Judith A. Lewis
Appendix B: Conversion Table to Standard
39. Trends in Neonatal Research and Evidence-Based International (SI) Units 961
Practice 849
Appendix C: Frequently Used Reference
Lynda Law Wilson and Kathleen R. Stevens
Values and Conversions 964
40. Legal and Ethical Issues in Neonatal Care 863
Tanya Sudia-Robinson Index 965
41. Neonatal Care From a Global Perspective 868
Carole Kenner and Marina Boykova
42. Competency-Based Education and Continued
Competency 874
Debra A. Sansoucie