Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17, Volume 2: Polymer Matrix Composites: Materials Properties

457 Pages·1997·14.56 MB·English

by  Us Dept Of Defense

The Composite Materials Handbook=MI117
VOLUME 2
Polymer
Matrix
Composites:
Materials
Properties
J ,ANCASTER BASET,
TECHNOMIC Publishing Company, Inc.
85 1 New Holland Avenue, Box 3535, Lancaster, Pennsylvania l76O4, USA
TECHNOMIC Publishing AG
Missionsstrasse 44, CH-4055 Basel, Switzerland
The Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17
Release 2E, 1999
Distributed by:
Technomic Publishing Company, Inc.
85 1 New Holland Avenue, Box 3535
Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17604 U.S.A.
This edition is published jointly by Technomic Publishing Company, Inc. and
Materials Sciences Corporation in cooperation with ASTM. Distributed by
Technomic Publishing Co., Inc.
Printed in the United States of America
l 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Main entry under title:
The Composite Materials Handbook-MIL 17: Polymer Matrix Composites:
Materials Properties, Volume 2
ISBN No. 1-56676-970-1 (Volume 2)
ISBN No. 1-56676-829-2 (3-Volume Set)
ISBN No. 1-56676-831 -4 (3-Volume Set and CD-R0M)s
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The services necessary for the development and maintenance of the Composite Materials Handbook
(MIL-HDBK-17) are provided by the handbook Secretariat, Materials Sciences Corporation. This work is
performed under contract with the US Army Research Laboratory (Contract Number DAAL01-97-C-0140).
The primary source of funding for the current contract is the Federal Aviation Administration. Other
sources include NASA, Army, Department of Energy, and Air Force. Volunteer committee members from
government, industry, and academia coordinate and review all the information provided in this handbook.
The time and effort of the volunteers and the support of their respective departments, companies, and
universities make it possible to insure completeness, accuracy, and state-of-the-art composite technology.
iii
FOREWORD
This handbook is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense.
This handbook is for guidance only. This handbook cannot be cited as a requirement. If it is, the con-
tractor does not have to comply. This mandate is a DoD requirement only; it is not applicable to the
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) or other government agencies.
Every effort has been made to reflect the latest information on polymeric composites. The handbook
is continually reviewed and revised to ensure its completeness and correctness. Documentation for
the secretariat should be directed to: Materials Sciences Corporation, MIL-HDBK-17 Secretariat, 500
Office Center Drive, Suite 250, Fort Washington, PA 19034.
MIL-HDBK-17 provides guidelines and material properties for polymer (organic) and metal matrix
composite materials. The first three volumes of this handbook currently focus on, but are not limited
to, polymeric composites intended for aircraft and aerospace vehicles. The fourth volume will focus on
metal matrix composites (MMC). Ceramic matrix composites (CMC) and carbonlcarbon composites
(CIC) will be covered in separate volumes as developments occur.
This standardization handbook has been developed and is being maintained as a joint effort of the
Department of Defense and the Federal Aviation Administration.
The information contained in this handbook was obtained from materials producers, industry, reports
on Government sponsored research, the open literature, and by contact with research laboratories
and those who participate in the MlL-HDBK-17 coordination activity.
All information and data contained in this handbook have been coordinated with industry and the U.S.
Army, Navy, and Air Force prior to publication.
Copies of this document and revisions thereto may be obtained from the Defense Automated Printing
Service (DAPS), 700 Robbins Avenue, Building 4D, Philadelphia, PA 1911 1- 5094.
Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of
use in improving this document should be addressed to: Director, U.S. Army Research Laboratory,
Weapons and Materials Research Directorate, ATTN: AMSRL-WM-M, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
21005-5069, by using the Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) ap-
pearing at the end of this document or by letter.
PARAGRAPH PAG E
FOREWORD ................................................................................................................................................ iv
Summary of Changes .................................................................................................................................. xii
. ................................................................................................
CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION 1-1
1. 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF VOLUME 2 ............................................................................................ 1-1
1.3 ORGANIZATION OF DATA IN HANDBOOK ...................................................................................... 1-2
1.3.1 Fiber properties ........................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.3.2 Matrix properties .......................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.3.3 Composite properties .................................................................................................................. 1-2
1.4 PRESENTATION OF DATA .................................................................................................................. 1-3
1.4.1 Properties and definitions .......................................................................................................... 1-3
1.4.1 .1 Sign convention. .............................................................................................................. 1-3
1.4.2 Table formats ................................................................................................................................ 1-3
1.4.3 Sample graphs ........................................................................................................................... 1-15
1.5 MATERIALS SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................... 1-18
1.5.1 Materials system codes ............................................................................................................. 1-18
1. 5.2 Index of materials. ...................................................................................................................... 1-18
1.6 MATERIAL ORIENTATION CODES ................................................................................................ 1-19
1.6.1 Laminate orientation codes ...................................................................................................... 1-19
1.6.2 Braiding, orientation codes ...................................................................................................... 1-19
1.7 SYMBOLS. ABBREVIATIONS. AND SYSTEMS OF UNITS .............................................................. 1-21
1.7.1 Symbols and abbreviations ....................................................................................................... 1-21
1.7.1 .1 Constituent properties .................................................................................................... 1-25
1.7.1.2 Laminae and laminates ................................................................................................... 1-26
1.7.1.3 Subscripts .................................................................................................................1 -27
1.7.1.4 Superscripts .................................................................................................................. 1-28
1. 7. 1.5 Acronyms ................................................................................................................. 1-29
1.7.2 System of units ......................................................................................................................... 1-30
1.8 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................... 1-32
REFERENCES. ................................................................................................................................... 1-53
INDEX ...................................................................................................................................................... 1-54
. .........................................................................................................
CHAPTER 2 FIBER PROPERTIES 2-1
. .................................................................................................
CHAPTER 3 MATRIX PROPERTIES 3-1
PARAGRAPH PAG E
. ........................................................................................
CHAPTER 4 CARBON FlBER PROPERTIES 4-1
4.1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................................4. -1
4.2 CARBON .E POXY COMPOSITES ...................................................................................................4. -1
4.2.1 T-500 12kl976 unitape ................................................................................................................ 4-1
4.2.2 HITEX 33 6klE7K8 unitape ...................................................................................................... 4-6
4.2.3 AS4 12klE7K8 unitape .............................................................................................................4. -15
4.2.4 Celion 12klE7K8 unitape .................................................................................................... 4-24
4.2.5 S4 12kl938 unitape ................................................................................................................. 4-33
4.2.6 T-300 3M34 plain weave ......................................................................................................... 4-41
4.2.7 Celion 12k1938 unitape ............................................................................................................. 4-53
4.2.8 AS4 12W3502 unitape ........................................................................................................... 4-63
4.2.9 Celion 30001E7K8 plain weave fabric .......................................................................................4 -78
4.2.1 0 HlTEX 33 6WE7K8 plain weave fabric .................................................................................... 4-93
4.2.1 1 AS4 3klE7K8 plain weave fabric ........................................................................................... 4-10 5
4.2.1 2 AS413501 -6 (bleed) unitape ................................................................................................ 4-1 10
4.2.1 3 AS41350 1- 6 (no bleed) unitape ....................................................................................... 4-12 0
4.2.14 AS4 3W3501- 6 plain weave .................................................................................................. 4-129
4.2.1 5 AS4 3W3501- 6s 5-harness satin weave fabric ....................................................................4. -13 8
4.2.1 6 AS4 6kl3502-6s 5HS fabric ..................................................................................................4 -14 4
4.2.1 7 T-300 15 kl976 unitape ........................................................................................................4..- 15 2
4.2.1 8 IM7 12kl8551-7A unitape ......................................................................................................4 -16 3
4.2.1 9 AS4 3kl3501-6 5 HS fabric .............................................................................................. 4-16 4
4.2.20 AS4 3kl3501-6 5 HS fabric ............................................................................................... 4-17 3
4.2.21 IM6 3501- 6 unitape ...........................................................................................................4. -1 81
4.2.22 IM7 12W8552 unitape ........................................................................................................... 4-18 1
4.2.23 T300 3kl977-2 plain weave fabric ........................................................................................ 4-1 81
4.2.24 T-300 3kl977-2 8HS ......................................................................................................... 4-1 81
4.2.25 IM7 12kl977-2 unitape ......................................................................................................... 4-181
4.2.26 AS4 6klPR500 5HS ............................................................................................................ 4-1 82
4.2.27 ................................................................................................................................................4 -205
4.2.28 ............................................................................................................................................... 4-205
4.2.29 ................................................................................................................................................ 4-205
4.2.30 IM-7 12WPR381 unitape ......................................................................................................4. -206
4.3 CARBON .P OLYESTER COMPOSITES ........................................................................................ 4-207
4.4 CARBON .B lSMALElMlDE COMPOSITES ....................................................................................4 -207
4.4.1 T-300 3klF650 unitape ...........................................................................................................4 -208
4.4.2 T-300 3klF650 8HS ..............................................................................................................4..-.2 13
4.4.3 T-300 3klF652 8HS fabric ...................................................................................................... 4-218
4.4.4 AS415250-3 unitape ................................................................................................................4 -223
4.5 CARBON .P OLYlMlDE COMPOSITES .......................................................................................... 4-235
4.5.1 Celion 30001F670 8HS fabric .................................................................................................. 4-236
4.6 CARBON .P HENOLIC COMPOSITES ........................................................................................... 4-245
4.7 CARBON .S ILICONE COMPOSITES. ............................................................................................ 4-245
PARAGRAPH PAG E
4.8 CARBON .P OLYBENZIMIDAZOLE COMPOSITES. ....................................................................... 4-245
4.9 CARBON .P EEK COMPOSITES .................................................................................................. 4-245
4.9.1 IM-6 12WAPC-2 unitape ......................................................................................................... 4-245
REFERENCES. ......................................................................................................................................4 -257
. ........................................................................................
CHAPTER 5 ARAMID FlBER PROPERTIES 5-1
. ...........................................................................................
CHAPTER 6 GLASS FlBER PROPERTIES 6-1
6.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2 GLASS\EPOXY COMPOSITES ........................................................................................................... 6-1
6.2.1 S2-449 43WSP381 unitape ........................................................................................................ 6-1
6.2.2 S2-449 17WSP 381 unitape .................................................................................................. 6-15
6.2.3 7781G 816 lPR381 Weave .................................................................................................... 6-29
6.3 GLASS .P OLYESTER COMPOSlTES ............................................................................................6 -35
6.4 GLASS .B lSMALElMlDE COMPOSITES ...................................................................................... 6-35
6.5 GLASS .P OLYIMIDE COMPOSITES ................................................................................................ 6-35
6.6 GLASS .P HENOLIC COMPOSITES ...............................................................................................6. -35
6.7 GLASS .S ILICONE COMPOSITES ..................................................................................................6 -35
6.8 GLASS .P OLYBENZIMIDAZOLE COMPOSITES ............................................................................. 6-35
6.9 GLASS .P EEK COMPOSITES ....................................................................................................... 6-35
. .......................................................................................
CHAPTER 7 BORON FIBER PROPERTIES 7-1
. .......................................................................................
CHAPTER 8 ALUMINA FlBER PROPERTIES 8-1
. ........................................................................
CHAPTER 9 SILICON CARBIDE FIBER PROPERTIES 9-1
. ..................................................................................
CHAPTER 10 QUARTZ FIBER PROPERTIES 10-1
10.1 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................1..0 -1
10.2 QUARTZ .E POXY COMPOSITES .................................................................................................1. 0-1
vii
PARAGRAPH PAG E
10.3 QUARTZ .P OLYESTER COMPOSITES ...................................................................................... 10-1
10.4 QUARTZ .B lSMALElMlDE COMPOSITES ..................................................................................... 10-1
10.4.1 Astroquartz lllF650 8HS ......................................................................................................... 10-2
10.5 QUARTZ .P OLYIMIDE COMPOSITES .......................................................................................... 10-6
10.6 QUARTZ .P HENOLIC COMPOSITES ............................................................................................ 10-6
10.7 QUARTZ .S ILICONE COMPOSITES. ............................................................................................. 10-6
10.8 QUARTZ .P OLYBENZIMIDAZOLE COM POSITES ........................................................................ 10-6
10.9 QUARTZ .P EEK COMPOSITE .....................................................................................................1 0-6
. ......................................................................................................................
A1 MIL-HDB K-1 7A DATA AI- 1
A1 .1 GENERAL INFORMATION ..............................................................................................................A 1 -l
A1.2 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. AI-2
A1.3 HANDBOOK TEST PROGRAM ......................................................................................................A
A1.3.1 Objectives .............................................................................................................................. A
A1.3.2 Preimpregnated materials .......................................................................................................A
A1.3.3 Test panels .............................................................................................................................. A
A1.3.4 Test procedures ....................................................................................................................... A
A1.3.4.1 Tensile tests .................................................................................................................. A
A1.3.4.2 Compression tests ........................................................................................................ A
A1.3.4.3 Shear tests ................................................................................................................... A
A1.3.4.4 lnterlaminar shear ........................................................................................................A.
A1.3.4.5 Flexural tests .............................................................................................................A.. .
A1.3.4.6 Bearing strength ..........................................................................................................A.
A1.3.5 Dry conditioning ......................................................................................................................A.
A1.3.6 Wet conditioning ....................................................................................................................A..
A1.3.7 Test schedule ........................................................................................................................... A
A1.4 DATA PRESENTATION ...................................................................................................................A. I-4
A1.4.1 Epoxy-fiberglass laminates. ..................................................................................................... AI- 4
A1.4.2 Ph enolic-fiberglass laminates. ................................................................................................. AI-4
A1.4.3 Silicone-fiberglass laminates ............................................................................................... - 4
A1.4.4 Polyester-fiberglass laminates. ................................................................................................ At-5
A1.4.5 Boron-epoxy laminates. ...........................................................................................................A I-5
viii
AI .1 U.S. Polymeric E-720Eff 781 (ECDEl05-550) Fiberglass Epoxy .................................................... AI-6
A1.3 Hexcel F-16 1/7743(550) Fiberglass Epoxy ..................................................................................- 1 4
A1.4 Hexcel F-16 1R 781 (ECDE-110-550) Fibergl ass Epoxy (26% resin) ............................................ - 2 4
A1 -5 Hexcel F-16 1ff781 (ECDE-110-550) Fiberglass Epoxy (31% resin) ........................................... - 3 0
A1.6 Hexcel F-16 1I 7781 (ECDE-110-550) Fibergl ass Epoxy (36% resin) ........................................ - 3 6
A1.8 Narmco N58817781 (ECDE-110-550) Fiberglass Epoxy ............................................................... - 4 6
A1.40 Narmco N50617781 (ECDE-1/0-A1100) Fibergl ass Phenolic ................................................ - 5 6
A1 .1 1 0 Narmco 5505 Boron-Epoxy (10 0%-00 Direction) ...................................................................... - 6 4
AI .1 1 1 Narmco 5505 Boron-Epoxy (00-900C rossply) .......................................................................... A1 -68
FIGURE
AI .l. l(a ) Tensile stress-strain for E-720El7781 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 0" direction .................. AI-7
AI .l. l(b ) Tensile stress-strain for E-720El7781 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 90" direction ................ AI- 8
A1 .1 . 2 (a) Compressive stress-strain for E-720El7781 fiberg lass epoxy loaded in the 0" direction ........ AI- 9
A1 .1 . 2 (b) Compressive stress-strain for E-720El7781 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 90" direction .... AI- 0l
A1 .1 . 3 0" .9 0" rail shear for E-720El7781 fiberglass ........................................................................... - 1 1
A1 .1 . 4 Poisson effects for E-720El7781 fiberglass epoxy .................................................................... A1 -12
A1.3.1 (a) Tensile stress-strain for F-16 117743 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 0" direction .................. AI-15
A1.3.1 (b) Tensile stress-strain for F-16 117743 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 90" direction ................ AI- 17
A1.3.2(a) Compressive stress-strain for F-16 117743 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 0" direction ......... A1 -1 8
A1.3.2(b) Compressive stress-strain F-16 1/7743 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 90" direction ............A 1 -19
A1.3.3 0" - 90" rail shear for F-16 117743 fibergl ass epoxy ................................................................... A1 -20
A1.3.4 Poisson effects for F-16 11 7743 fi berglass epoxy .................................................................... A - 2 1
A1.3.5 Voids vs . resin content and specific gravity for F-16 117743 fiberglass epoxy ............................ A1 -22
A1.4.1 (a) Tensile stress-strain for F-16 117781 fiberglass epoxy loaded in the 0" direction
(26% resin) ........................................................................................................................... A1 -25