Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations PDF
Preview Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations
Lecture Notes 56 in Computational Science and Engineering Editors TimothyJ.Barth MichaelGriebel DavidE.Keyes RistoM.Nieminen DirkRoose TamarSchlick Stavros C. Kassinos Carlos A. Langer Gianluca Iaccarino Parviz Moin (Eds.) Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations With233Figures,51ColourPlatesand17Tables ABC Editors StavrosC.Kassinos GianlucaIaccarino CarlosA.Langer ParvizMoin DepartmentofMechanical DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering andManufacturingEngineering StanfordUniversity UniversityofCyprus EscondidoMall488 KallipoleosStreet75 94305-3035Stanford,USA 1678Nicosia,Cyprus E-mail:[email protected] E-mail:[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2006933936 MathematicsSubjectClassification(2000):76F65,80A32,76F55,65C20,76F50,76M28, 65M15,65M50 ISBN-10 3-540-34233-8SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork ISBN-13 978-3-540-34233-5SpringerBerlinHeidelbergNewYork Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.Allrightsarereserved,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialis concerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseofillustrations,recitation,broadcasting, reproductiononmicrofilmorinanyotherway,andstorageindatabanks.Duplicationofthispublication orpartsthereofispermittedonlyundertheprovisionsoftheGermanCopyrightLawofSeptember9, 1965,initscurrentversion,andpermissionforusemustalwaysbeobtainedfromSpringer.Violationsare liableforprosecutionundertheGermanCopyrightLaw. SpringerisapartofSpringerScience+BusinessMedia springer.com (cid:1)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2007 Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,etc.inthispublicationdoesnotimply, evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexemptfromtherelevantprotectivelaws andregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Typesetting:bytheauthorsandtechbooksusingaSpringerLATEXmacropackage Coverdesign:design&productionGmbH,Heidelberg Printedonacid-freepaper SPIN:11754695 46/techbooks 543210 This LNCSE volume marks the launching of UCY-CompSci, an initiative in the Computational Sciences supported by a Marie Curie Transfer of Knowledge Fellowship of the European Community’s Sixth Framework Programme, under contract number MTKD-CT-2004-014199. Preface This volume contains a collection of expert views on the state of the art in Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and its application to complex flows. Much of thematerialinthisvolumewasinspiredbycontributionsthatwereoriginally presented at the symposium on Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulation heldinLemesos(Limassol),Cyprus,betweenSeptember21stand24th,2005. The symposium was organized by the University of Cyprus together with the Center for Turbulence Research at Stanford University and NASA Ames Research Center. Many of the problems that must be tackled in order to advance technol- ogy and science increasingly require synergetic approaches across disciplines. Computational Science refers to interdisciplinary research aiming at the solu- tion of complex scientific and engineering problems under the unifying theme of computation. The explosive growth of computer power over the last few decades, and the advancement of computational methods, have enabled the applicationofcomputationalapproachestoanever-increasingsetofproblems. One of the most challenging problems to treat computationally in the discipline of Computational Fluid Dynamics is that of turbulent fluid flow. Turbulent flow contains eddies, representing seemingly chaotic zig-zagging or swirling motion, that extend over many orders of magnitude in size. One can attempt to simulate turbulent flow by faithfully representing motion at all scales,butthenevenwiththemostpowerfulsupercomputersavailabletoday, our simulations would be limited to low speeds and geometries that are far too simple for engineering application. One of the most accurate and elegant alternatives, while striving to keep a reasonable solution cost, is LES. Large Eddy Simulation has its origins in a simulation approach first used for weather prediction. In many engineering applications, as in Meteorology, the large-scale turbulent motions are of primary interest, so in LES they are simulated in their entirety. Smaller-scale eddies are not of direct interest, and are thus not simulated directly, but since they do affect the large-scale turbulence,amodelhastoaccountfortheirpresence.ThefieldofLargeEddy Simulations is now reaching a level of maturity that brings this approach to VIII Preface themainstreamofengineeringcomputationswhileitopensnewopportunities and brings new challenges for further progress. ThesymposiumthatinspiredthisvolumewasheldinCyprustomarkthe launchingofanewinitiativeintheComputationalSciencesattheEngineering School of the University of Cyprus. This initiative became possible through a generous grant from the European Community under a Marie Curie Transfer of Knowledge fellowship of the Sixth Framework Program (contract number MTKD-CT-2004-014199).TheorganizationoftheSymposiumwasmadepos- siblebycontributionsfromseveralorganizations.Wearegladtoacknowledge ourgratitudetothefollowinginstitutions:theUniversityofCyprus,theCen- ter for Turbulence Research, and the Cyprus Energy Regulatory Authority. In addition, the organization of the event would not have been possible with- out the help of Thanasis Vazouras, Elena Takoushi, Filippos Filippou and RiaDemosthenouswhomadeanincrediblejobbehindthescenesensuringan efficient yet warm atmosphere during the symposium. The symposium brought together experts from different countries to dis- cuss the state-of-the-art and the emerging approaches in treating complex effects in LES and the role of LES in the context of multi scale modeling and simulation. The workshop provided an opportunity for open discussion on current issues in LES, strengthened existing collaborations and developed new contacts between participants that we believe will help in advancing the state of the art in LES. With this volume we share with the community de- velopments inspired by the symposium. Nicosia, Stavros C. Kassinos May 2006 Carlos A. Langer Gianluca Iaccarino Parviz Moin Contents Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations P. Moin, G. Iaccarino ............................................ 1 On the Relation between Subgrid-Scale Modeling and Numerical Discretization in Large-Eddy Simulation N. A. Adams, S. Hickel, T. Kempe, J. A. Domaradzki ................ 15 Space-Time Error Representation and Estimation in Navier-Stokes Calculations T. J. Barth ..................................................... 29 Multiresolution Particle Methods M. Bergdorf, P. Koumoutsakos .................................... 49 LES Computation of Lagrangian Statistics in Homogeneous Stationary Turbulence; Application of Universalities under Scaling Symmetry at Sub-Grid Scales M. Gorokhovski, A. Chtab......................................... 63 Anisotropic Subgrid-Scale Modelling: Comparison of LES with High Resolution DNS and Statistical Theory for Rapidly Rotating Turbulence L. Shao, F. S. Godeferd, C. Cambon, Z. S. Zhang, G. Z. Cui, C. X. Xu 77 On the Investigation of a Dynamic Nonlinear Subgrid-Scale Model I. Wendling, M. Oberlack ......................................... 89 Three Problems in the Large–Eddy Simulation of Complex Turbulent Flows K. Mahesh, Y. Hou, P. Babu...................................... 99 X Contents Filtering the Wall as a Solution to the Wall-Modeling Problem R. D. Moser, A. Das, A. Bhattacharya .............................117 A Near-Wall Eddy-Viscosity Formulation for LES G. Kalitzin, J. A. Templeton, G. Medic.............................127 Investigation of Multiscale Subgrid Models for LES of Instabilities and Turbulence in Wake Vortex Systems R. Cocle, L. Dufresne, G. Winckelmans.............................141 Numerical Determination of the Scaling Exponent of the Modeled Subgrid Stresses for Eddy Viscosity Models M. Klein, M. Freitag, J. Janicka...................................161 A Posteriori Study on Modelling and Numerical Error in LES Applying the Smagorinsky Model T. Brandt.......................................................173 Passive Scalar and Dissipation Simulations with the Linear Eddy Model C. Papadopoulos, K. Sardi ........................................191 Lattice-Boltzmann LES of Vortex Shedding in the Wake of a Square Cylinder P. Mart´ınez-Lera, S. Izquierdo, N. Fueyo ...........................203 LES on Cartesian Grids with Anisotropic Refinement G. Iaccarino, F. Ham ............................................219 Towards Time-Stable and Accurate LES on Unstructured Grids F. Ham, K. Mattsson, G. Iaccarino, P. Moin........................235 A Low-Numerical Dissipation, Patch-Based Adaptive- Mesh-Refinement Method for Large-Eddy Simulation of Compressible Flows C. Pantano, R. Deiterding, D. J. Hill, D. I. Pullin ...................251 Large-Eddy Simulation of Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability D. J. Hill, C. Pantano, D. I. Pullin ................................263 LES of Variable Density Bifurcating Jets A. Tyliszczak, A. Boguslawski .....................................273 Large-Eddy Simulation of a Turbulent Flow around a Multi-Perforated Plate S. Mendez, F. Nicoud, T. Poinsot..................................289 Contents XI Simulation of Separation from Curved Surfaces with Combined LES and RANS Schemes F. Tessicini, N. Li, M. A. Leschziner...............................305 Highly Parallel Large Eddy Simulations of Multiburner Configurations in Industrial Gas Turbines G. Staffelbach, L. Y. M. Gicquel, T. Poinsot ........................325 Response of a Swirled Non-Premixed Burner to Fuel Flow Rate Modulation A. X. Sengissen, T. J. Poinsot, J. F. Van Kampen, J. B. W. Kok .....337 Investigation of Subgrid Scale Wrinkling Models and Their Impact on the Artificially Thickened Flame Model in Large Eddy Simulations T. Broeckhoven, M. Freitag, C. Lacor, A. Sadiki, J. Janicka...........353 Analysis of Premixed Turbulent Spherical Flame Kernels R.J.M. Bastiaans, J.A.M. de Swart, J.A. van Oijen, L.P.H. de Goey 371 Large Eddy Simulation of a Turbulent Ethylene/Air Diffusion Flame D. Cecere, G. Gaudiuso, A. D’Anna, R. Verzicco ....................385 Energy Fluxes and Shell-to-Shell Transfers in MHD Turbulence D. Carati, O. Debliquy, B. Knaepen, B. Teaca, M. Verma.............401 Color Plates ...................................................413 Complex Effects in Large Eddy Simulations Parviz Moin and Gianluca Iaccarino Center for Turbulence Research Stanford University Stanford, CA, 94305 - USA [email protected] Summary. TheLargeEddySimulationtechniqueisenjoyingwidespreadsuccessin theengineeringanalysisasaresultoftherecentadvancesincomputerperformance. Initially limited to the simulation of turbulent flows in simple geometries, current LES tools are being applied to multidisciplinary problems involving a variety of physical processes. Several examples of recent advances in LES methodology and complex multi-physics applications are presented. 1 Introduction Computer power has increased by two orders of magnitude over the past ten years. This has led to increased applications of the large eddy simulation (LES) technique to multi-physics simulations of realistic engineering flows. Complex effects in LES include consideration of complex geometry, multiple flowphases,chemicalreactions,compressibilityeffectsandshockwaves,aero- acoustics,aero-optics,non-Newtonianfluidsandtransitionalflows.Therehave beenseveralsignificantadvancesintheelementsofLESforcomplexflows.The most significant enabling technology has been in the development of robust, non-dissipative numerical methods for unstructured meshes [1,2]. A similar advance has been made for compressible flows, where it has been shown that aprimarycauseofnumericalinstabilitiesistheviolationoftheSecondLawof Thermodynamicsduetodiscretizationofthenon-lineartermsinthegoverning equations [3]. LES of high Reynolds number attached boundary layers requires lower fidelitymodelingoftheregionnearthewallduetohighcomputationalcostif LESweretoextendtothewall.WallmodelinginLESdatesbacknearlyforty years to the work of Deardorff, and has always been considered a pacing item inapplicationofLEStoaeronauticalflows.However,theexistingwallmodels arenotsatisfactory.CabotandMoin[4]haveshownthatproperwallmodeling should include the effects of numerical truncation and subgrid scale modeling errors. Optimal control theory was recently formulated for the development
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