Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Respiratory Tract Infectious Diseases PDF
Preview Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Respiratory Tract Infectious Diseases
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Respiratory Tract Infectious Diseases: Prevention and Treatments Guest Editors: Taixiang Wu, Zhao-Xiang Bian, Minawaer Abudu, Denise Adams, and Seong-Gyu Ko Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Respiratory Tract Infectious Diseases: Prevention and Treatments Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Respiratory Tract Infectious Diseases: Prevention and Treatments GuestEditors:TaixiangWu,Zhao-XiangBian,MinawaerAbudu, Denise Adams, and Seong-Gyu Ko Copyright©2014HindawiPublishingCorporation.Allrightsreserved. Thisisaspecialissuepublishedin“Evidence-BasedComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine.”Allarticlesareopenaccessarticles distributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninany medium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Editorial Board M.A.Abdulla,Malaysia Jen-HweyChiu,Taiwan Ching-LiangHsieh,Taiwan JonAdams,Australia W.Chi-shingCho,HongKong JingHu,China ZurainiAhmad,Malaysia JaeYoulCho,Korea Sheng-TengHuang,Taiwan U.P.Albuquerque,Brazil Seung-HunCho,RepublicofKorea BennyTanKwongHuat,Singapore GianniAllais,Italy CheeYanChoo,Malaysia RomanHuber,Germany TerjeAlraek,Norway Li-FangChou,Taiwan AngeloAntonioIzzo,Italy SoulimanAmrani,Morocco RyowonChoue,RepublicofKorea SureshJadhav,India AkshayAnand,India Shuang-EnChuang,Taiwan KanokwanJarukamjorn,Thailand ShrikantAnant,USA J.-H.Chung,RepublicofKorea YongJiang,China ManuelArroyo-Morales,Spain EdwinL.Cooper,USA ZhengL.Jiang,China SyedB.Asdaq,SaudiArabia GregoryD.Cramer,USA StefanieJoos,Germany SeddighehAsgary,Iran MengCui,China SirajudeenK.N.S.,Malaysia HyunsuBae,RepublicofKorea RobertoN.Cuman,Brazil Z.Kain,USA LijunBai,China VincenzoDeFeo,Italy OsamuKanauchi,Japan SandipK.Bandyopadhyay,India R.DelaPuertaVa´zquez,Spain DaeGillKang,RepublicofKorea SarangBani,India MartinDescarreaux,USA WenyiKang,China VassyaBankova,Bulgaria AlexandraDeters,Germany Shao-HsuanKao,Taiwan WinfriedBanzer,Germany SivaS.Durairajan,HongKong KrishnaKaphle,Nepal VernonA.Barnes,USA MohamedEddouks,Morocco KenjiKawakita,Japan SamraBashir,Pakistan ThomasEfferth,Germany JongYeolKim,RepublicofKorea JairoKenuppBastos,Brazil TobiasEsch,USA YounChulKim,RepublicofKorea SujitBasu,USA SaeedEsmaeili-Mahani,Iran Cheorl-HoKim,RepublicofKorea DavidBaxter,NewZealand NianpingFeng,China YoshiyukiKimura,Japan Andre-MichaelBeer,Germany YibinFeng,HongKong JoshuaK.Ko,China AlvinJ.Beitz,USA JosueFernandez-Carnero,Spain ToshiakiKogure,Japan YongChoolBoo,RepublicofKorea JulianoFerreira,Brazil JianKong,USA FrancescaBorrelli,Italy FabioFirenzuoli,Italy NandakumarKrishnadas,India GloriaBrusotti,Italy PeterFisher,UK YiuWaKwan,HongKong IshfaqA.Bukhari,Pakistan W.F.Fong,HongKong KuangChiLai,Taiwan ArndtBu¨ssing,Germany JoelJ.Gagnier,Canada ChingLan,Taiwan RainerW.Bussmann,USA SiewHuaGan,Malaysia AlfredLa¨ngler,Germany RaffaeleCapasso,Italy Jian-LiGao,China LixingLao,HongKong OpherCaspi,Israel GabinoGarrido,Chile ClaraBik-SanLau,HongKong HanChae,Korea M.N.Ghayur,Pakistan Jang-HernLee,RepublicofKorea Shun-WanChan,HongKong AnwarulHassanGilani,Pakistan MyeongSooLee,RepublicofKorea Il-MooChang,RepublicofKorea MichaelGoldstein,USA TatleangLee,Singapore RajnishChaturvedi,India MahabirP.Gupta,Panama ChristianLehmann,Canada ChunTaoChe,USA SveinHaavik,Norway MarcoLeonti,Italy Tzeng-JiChen,Taiwan AbidHamid,India LawrenceLeung,Canada KevinChen,USA N.Hanazaki,Brazil KwokNamLeung,HongKong Jian-GuoChen,China K.B.Harikumar,India Ping-ChungLeung,HongKong HubiaoChen,HongKong CoryS.Harris,Canada ChunGuangLi,Australia YunfeiChen,China ThierryHennebelle,France Xiu-MinLi,USA Juei-TangCheng,Taiwan Seung-HeonHong,Korea PingLi,China EvanPaulCherniack,USA MarkusHorneber,Germany ShaoLi,China ManLi,China BeritSmestadPaulsen,Norway MayankThakur,Germany MinLi,China AndreaPieroni,Italy MenakaC.Thounaojam,India YongHongLiao,China RichardPietras,USA MeiTian,China SabinaLim,Korea WarisQidwai,Pakistan EvelinTiralongo,Australia Bi-FongLin,Taiwan XianqinQu,Australia StephanieTjen-A-Looi,USA WenChuanLin,China CassandraL.Quave,USA MichaThlTomczyk,Poland ChristopherG.Lis,USA RojaRahimi,Iran YaoTong,HongKong GerhardLitscher,Austria KhalidRahman,UK KarlWah-KeungTsim,HongKong I-MinLiu,Taiwan CheppailRamachandran,USA VolkanTugcu,Turkey KeLiu,China GamalRamadan,Egypt Yew-MinTzeng,Taiwan YijunLiu,USA KeRen,USA DawnM.Upchurch,USA Cun-ZhiLiu,China ManHeeRhee,RepublicofKorea MarynaVandeVenter,SouthAfrica GaofengLiu,China Mee-RaRhyu,RepublicofKorea SandyvanVuuren,SouthAfrica GailB.Mahady,USA Jose´LuisR´ıos,Spain AlfredoVannacci,Italy JurajMajtan,Slovakia PaoloRobertidiSarsina,Italy ManiVasudevan,Malaysia SubhashC.Mandal,India BasharSaad,PalestinianAuthority CarloVentura,Italy JeanineL.Marnewick,SouthAfrica SumairaSahreen,Pakistan WagnerVilegas,Brazil VirginiaS.Martino,Argentina OmarSaid,Israel PradeepVisen,Canada JamesH.McAuley,Australia LuisA.Salazar-Olivo,Mexico AristoVojdani,USA KarinMeissner,Germany Mohd.ZakiSalleh,Malaysia Shu-MingWang,USA AndreasMichalsen,Germany AndreasSandner-Kiesling,Austria Chong-ZhiWang,USA DavidMischoulon,USA AdairSantos,Brazil ChenchenWang,USA SyamMohan,SaudiArabia G.Schmeda-Hirschmann,Chile Y.Wang,USA J.Molnar,Hungary AndrewScholey,Australia KenjiWatanabe,Japan Vale´rioMonteiro-Neto,Brazil VeroniqueSeidel,UK JintanapornWattanathorn,Thailand Hyung-InMoon,RepublicofKorea SenthamilR.Selvan,USA JennyM.Wilkinson,Australia AlbertMoraska,USA TuhinadriSen,India DarrenR.Williams,RepublicofKorea MarkMoss,UK HongcaiShang,China HarukiYamada,Japan YoshiharuMotoo,Japan RonaldSherman,USA NobuoYamaguchi,Japan FraukeMusial,Germany KarenJ.Sherman,USA JunqingYang,China MinKyunNa,RepublicofKorea KuniyoshiShimizu,Japan Yong-QingYang,China RichardL.Nahin,USA KanShimpo,Japan EunJinYang,RepublicofKorea VitalyNapadow,USA Byung-CheulShin,Korea LingYang,China F.R.F.Nascimento,Brazil YukihiroShoyama,Japan XiufenYang,China S.Nayak,TrinidadAndTobago Chang-GueSon,Korea KenYasukawa,Japan RolandNdipNdip,SouthAfrica RachidSoulimani,France MinYe,China IsabellaNeri,Italy DidierStien,France M.Yoon,RepublicofKorea T.B.Nguelefack,Cameroon Shan-YuSu,Taiwan JieYu,China MartinOffenbaecher,Germany MohdRoslanSulaiman,Malaysia ZunjianZhang,China Ki-WanOh,RepublicofKorea VenilN.Sumantran,India HongQ.Zhang,HongKong YoshijiOhta,Japan JohnR.S.Tabuti,Uganda Wei-BoZhang,China OlumayokunA.Olajide,UK TokuTakahashi,USA Jin-LanZhang,China ThomasOstermann,Germany RabihTalhouk,Lebanon BoliZhang,China StaceyA.Page,Canada Wen-FuTang,China RuixinZhang,USA Tai-LongPan,Taiwan YupingTang,China HongZhang,China BhushanPatwardhan,India LayKekTeh,Malaysia HaiboZhu,China Contents ComplementaryandAlternativeMedicineforRespiratoryTractInfectiousDiseases:Preventionand Treatments,TaixiangWu,Zhao-XiangBian,MinawaerAbudu,DeniseAdams,andSeong-GyuKo 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http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/913095 Editorial Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Respiratory Tract Infectious Diseases: Prevention and Treatments TaixiangWu,1Zhao-XiangBian,2MinawaerAbudu,3DeniseAdams,4andSeong-GyuKo5 1ChineseClinicalTrialRegistry,WestChinaHospital,SichuanUniversity,China 2SchoolofChineseMedicine,HongKongBaptistUniversity,HongKong 3TheFirstHospital,XinjiangUniversity,China 4DepartmentofPediatrics,UniversityofAlberta,Canada 5KyungHeeUniversity,Seoul,RepublicofKorea CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoTaixiangWu;[email protected] Received22April2014;Accepted22April2014;Published12June2014 Copyright©2014TaixiangWuetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Respiratory tract infectious diseases are a group of the poorly reported published clinical studies or studies with mostcommon,widespreaddiseases,fromcommoncoldand questionable methodology, as Drs. Q. Yang, H. Zhang, C. influenza to tuberculosis and pneumonia; some of them Zou,andL.Wu,concludedintheirsystematicreviews.Call maycauseseriousandevenlife-threateninghealthproblems. forhighqualityevidenceisamissionofthisspecialissue. Most cases of upper respiratory tract infectious diseases Fortunately,Dr.J.Changandhercolleaguescontributed includecommoncoldandinfluenza,whicharemainlycaused highqualityevidenceaboutapatentChinesemedicineShi- by various virus infections, and tuberculosis, pneumonia, Cha capsule for common cold by a well-designed, well- andotherlowrespiratorytractinfectiousdiseasescausedby conducted, and well-reported randomized controlled trial. differentbacterialinfections. In this multicenter study, they have done very well on the Releasing the symptoms and preventing complicated ethicasissuesincludingprotocolaprovalbyethicalcommit- bacterial infection are a rule of treating virus infected tee,properlyinformedconsentandregisteredtheirprotocol upper respiratory tract infectious diseases. Traditionally, in a public clinical trial registry—Chinese Clinical Trial herbal medicines are used to treat and prevent the respi- Registry; and high quality methodological issues, including ratory tract infectious diseases such as common cold and the randomization method and allocation procedure, the influenza worldwide. For example, more than two hundred recruitment of patients, the data management, the analysis patentproductsoftraditionalChinesemedicineshavebeen method of results, all of these were described in detail approved into market for treatment and prevention of the and very clearly according to CONSORT statement. This commoncoldaswellasinfluenza.Inthepastdecades,some transparency makes readers confident to trust the result of herbalmedicinesaredevelopedasinjectionsforclinicaluse thestudyandwebelievesuchevidenceshouldbegradedas fortreatingrespiratorytractinfections,suchasCaihuinjec- highquality.ifthereportingreferestoCONSORTforTCMto tion, Shuanghuanglian injection, Yuxincao injection, and providemoreinformationoftheprincipleofusingShi-Cha Qinkailing injection. Some of these medicines are believed capsuleforwith“wind-coldtypecommoncold”willmakes to effectively release the symptoms; some are believed to readersbetterunderstandingontherationalofthismedicine. strengthen the immune function of patient and therefore Another advantage of this trial is that placebo control was result in the virus and bacteria being eliminated; some are used for comparison with Shi-Cha capsule. Usually, use believedtokillthemicroorganismsdirectly. of a medicine in which “the effect is accepted by public Afactisthatalthoughalotofherbalmedicinesarewidely recognition”asthecontrolisoneofrulesofthenewmedicine usedclinically,mostevidencesupportingtheirusecamefrom developmentclinicaltrialinChina.Theshortcomingofthis 2 Evidence-BasedComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine ruleisthatitcauseddifficultytoassesstheeffectsforalotof traditionalChinesemedicinesbecauseofthelackofevidence ofeffectofthecontrols.Fortheself-limiteddisease,aplacebo control should be encouraged to be used in the treatment study.Webelievethatthisstudyanditsreportcouldbeagood exampleofhighqualitystudyandgoodreporting. Another valuable thing we have seen is that Dr. C. Zou and his colleagues, physicians of traditional Chinese medicine,areusingevidence-basedmedicine(EBM)method to critically appraise the evidence and using the results to guide their clinical practice successfully. This absolutely is a revolutionary event in the field while most traditional medicalcliniciansmaynotknowEBMexactly.Wehopemore andmorecliniciansinthefieldcanuseEBMmethodtoguide their practices and make the health care service better and better. Studies came from France, Japan, South Africa, and Taiwan provide from in vitro and animal study suggesting thatsomeherbalmedicinesmayhaveantimicrobialactivity or can strengthen the immune function. It is expected that these lines of evidence will result in more confidence to support the clinical use of complementary and alternative medicines. TaixiangWu Zhao-XiangBian MinawaerAbudu DeniseAdams Seong-GyuKo
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