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“Comparative Public Opinion provides a comprehensive and modern coverage of one of the major areas of political science research. It brings together leading authors in the field and takes a very broad and rigorous view of public opinion. The textbook provides a priceless insight into the field.” Ignacio Lago, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain COMPARATIVE PUBLIC OPINION This book presents a comprehensive examination of public opinion in the democratic world. Built around chapters that highlight key explanatory frameworks used in understanding public opinion, the book presents a coherent study of the subject in a comparative perspective, emphasizing and interrogating immigration as a key issue of high concern to most mass publics in the democratic world. Key features of the book include: •• Covers several theoretical issues and determinants of opinion such as the effects of personality, age and life cycle, ideology, social class, partisanship, gender, religion, ethnicity, language, and media, highlighting over time the effects of political, social, and economic contexts. •• Each chapter explores the theoretical rationale, mechanisms of effect, and use in the scholarly literature on public opinion before applying these to the issue of immigration comparatively and in specific places or regions. •• Widely comparative using a nine-country sample (Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America) in the analysis of individual-level determinants of public opinion about immigration and extending to other countries like Belgium, Brazil, and Japan when evaluating contextual factors. This edited volume will be essential reading for students, scholars, and practitioners interested in public opinion, political behaviour, voting behaviour, politics of the media, immigration, political communication, and, more generally, democracy and comparative politics. Cameron D. Anderson is Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Western Ontario, Canada. Mathieu Turgeon is Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Western Ontario, Canada. Comparative Public Opinion Edited by Cameron D. Anderson and Mathieu Turgeon Cover image: © Getty Images First published 2023 by Routledge 4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2023 selection and editorial matter, Cameron D. Anderson and Mathieu Turgeon; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Cameron D. Anderson and Mathieu Turgeon to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978-0-367-64069-9 (hbk) ISBN: 978-0-367-64060-6 (pbk) ISBN: 978-1-003-12199-2 (ebk) DOI: 10.4324/9781003121992 Typeset in Sabon by Deanta Global Publishing Services, Chennai, India Contents List of figures ix List of tables xiv List of contributors xvi Acknowledgements xviii PART 1 Public opinion in a comparative perspective 1 1 Introduction 3 Cameron D. Anderson and Mathieu Turgeon 2 Defining and measuring public opinion 16 Cameron D. Anderson and Mathieu Turgeon PART 2 The individual-level determinants of public opinion 31 3 Public opinion about immigration and immigrants 33 Cameron D. Anderson and Mathieu Turgeon 4 Age and public opinion 41 Stephen White 5 Gender and public opinion 63 Ana Espírito-Santo and João Carvalho 6 Immigration status and public opinion 80 Katrine Beauregard viii Contents 7 Class and public opinion 105 Tyler Romualdi, John Kennedy, and Cameron D. Anderson 8 Religion and public opinion 129 Paul A. Djupe 9 Personality and public opinion 152 Kathrin Ackermann and Jan Eckardt 10 Ideology and public opinion 173 Philippe Chassé and Éric Bélanger 11 Partisanship and public opinion 194 Laura B. Stephenson PART 3 Context and complexity in determinants of public opinion 215 12 Immigration and public opinion in Brazil: Taking stock of new waves of migration and polarization 217 Ryan Lloyd and Amâncio Jorge de Oliveira 13 The inflow of immigrants and natives’ attitudes towards immigration in Japan 241 Tetsuya Matsubayashi and Masateru Yamatani 14 The impact of labour market vulnerability: Explaining attitudes towards immigration in Europe 259 Anthony Kevins 15 Linguistic cleavages in public opinion 284 Ruth Dassonneville, Nadjim Fréchet, and Baowen Liang 16 The news media organizations and public opinion on political issues 310 Frédérick Bastien 17 Racial attitudes and opposition to immigration 331 Allison Harell and Robert A. Hinckley 18 Conclusion 349 Cameron D. Anderson and Mathieu Turgeon Index 357 Figures 3.1 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s economy 35 3.2 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s crime 36 3.3 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s culture 37 3.4 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s economy, crime, and culture (index) 39 4.1 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s economy, by age group 50 4.2 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s crime, by age group 51 4.3 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s culture, by age group 52 4.4 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s economy, crime, and culture (index), by age group 53 4.5 Estimated index score, by respondents’ age in years (OLS regression) 55 5.1 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s economy, by gender 71 5.2 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s culture, by gender 72 5.3 Attitudes about how immigrants are perceived to affect a country’s security/crime, by gender 73