Communism and Nationalism in Postwar Cyprus, 1945-1955: Politics and Ideologies Under British Rule PDF
Preview Communism and Nationalism in Postwar Cyprus, 1945-1955: Politics and Ideologies Under British Rule
Communism and Nationalism in Postwar Cyprus, 1945-1955 Politics and Ideologies Under British Rule Alexios Alecou Communism and Nationalism in Postwar Cyprus, 1945-1955 Alexios Alecou Communism and Nationalism in Postwar Cyprus, 1945-1955 Politics and Ideologies Under British Rule Alexios Alecou University of London London , UK ISBN 978-3-319-29208-3 ISBN 978-3-319-29209-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-29209-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016943796 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2 016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the pub- lisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover illustration: © War Archive / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Nature America Inc. New York A CKNOWLEDGMENTS The process of writing a book is often long and full of obstacles, dis- appointments, sorrow, joy, excitement and enthusiasm. The effect of these confl icting emotions, especially when that path is lonely, is often therapeutic for writers: they only realize all these benefi ts at the end of the route. The feeling that I, as a writer, have contributed, even in the least, to the revelation of some aspects of the history of my homeland is priceless. This book could not have been written without the help of Professors Andreas Kapardis and Costa Gouliamos: their comments on the general idea and arguments were decisive. Special thanks to David Porter for his support in editing and proofreading this book: his professionalism made the whole procedure less stressful, and I owe him a huge debt of gratitude. Also thanks to Kristin Purdy and Michelle Smith at Palgrave Macmillan for their great help in fi nalizing the book. I am also grateful to Vassos Constandinou and Christos Spyrou at the Press and Information Offi ce of the Republic of Cyprus, for helping me with my research at the press archive, and to Professor Philip Murphy, Director of the Institute of Commonwealth Studies of the University of London, for awarding me a visiting fellowship at the Institute: without this fellowship, I would not have been able to conduct in-depth research at the National Archives in London. Finally, many thanks to my family for having patience with me while I took on yet another challenge which reduced the amount of time I have had to spend with them. This includes my parents and sisters for their v vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS encouragement and especially my wife, Stavri, for believing in me and supporting me all the way. Lastly, I dedicate this book to my son Christos, my greatest source of love, my personal relief from weariness, my best motivation. Alexis Alecou November 2015 C ONTENTS 1 Introduction 1 2 The Formation of Cypriot Society 7 3 Communism and Nationalism in Cyprus 23 4 British Methods of Rule: Political Liberties and the Constitutional Assembly 47 5 External Infl uences: Cyprus as a Refl ection of Greece 75 6 Communism vs. Nationalism: Fields of Confl ict 97 7 Leading the Anti-colonial Movement 119 8 The Internationalization of Enosis 143 9 Armed Struggle: A One-Way Path? 157 vii viii CONTENTS 10 Conclusions 169 Bibliography 175 Index 183 A BBREVIATIONS AKEL P rogressive Party of Working People DSE D emocratic Army of Greece EAKX National Agrarian Party of Chites EAM N ational Liberation Front EAS N ational Liberation Coalition ELAS N ational Popular Liberation Army EMAK N ational Liberation Front of Cyprus EOKA N ational Organization of Cypriot Fighters EREK N ational Radical Union of Cyprus KARI C ypriot Fighters, Daring Leaders KEK C yprus National Party KKE C ommunist Party of Greece KKK C ommunist Party of Cyprus KME Cyprus Mining Company KPO Cypriot Civil Organization KTIVK Turkish Trade Unions NEK Y outh of National Party PEK C yprian Farmers’ Union PEO P ancyprian Federation of Labor PES N ational Cooperation Wing POK Political Organization of Cyprus PSE P ancyprian Trade Union Committee RIK C yprus Broadcasting Corporation SEK Cyprus Workers Confederation SEKA C oordinating Committee of the Cyprus Struggle ix
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