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Communications of the ACM (The Next 50 Years) PDF

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DATABAASDEM INISTORRASRTe sponsirbolrpe h ysicDaBlA work, perf'ortmuinnign cga,p aciptlya nnianngd,s ecuriBteyi .n volvweidt thh ea pplicatgiroonusp ont hed esigann ds tructoufrd ea taan da pplicatlioeo nnssu raed herentcose t andaradnsd methods. Thespeo sitiroenqsu i<r'eX periienns coem eo f' ftohlel owing: -ClienUSerTvecehrn olo(g1y\ vaon dT hree-TCileire nt/SeArrvcehri tecture) -Useri ntprfdaecsei gn -UNIX, CWi.n dC'ow+Ns+T ,,L otuNso tes -VisuBaals iPco.w erBnilder -Oraclaep plicat(i5oyn+es a resx periewnicteOh racl7e. 0f'+r oam D BAp erspective) -Projemcatn agemesnkti lls -Stronign terpersaonndpa rle sentastkiiolnl s -Bachelor's pdreegfreerer ed Forc o11sidemtfioo1r1w,a rrde sumaen dc ovelre ttienrd icatpionsgi t.ioorni nterelsot: AmeriteCcohm municatiIonncsD.,e, p tC.O M-ITP,. OB.o x1 414D,e sP laineIsL,6 0017-1414. Needa fewm orer easonst oc onsidweorr kinwgi thu s?C ontatchte A meritebcuhs iness unitor c hoicAen. equaolp portuneimtpyl oyre,d edicatleoda diversweo rkf 'orce. 1cu•u•.amel'ilec/1.co111 erit® ech Your LTioBn ekt tCeorm munication Springer-Verlag Givifnogrt moi detahsas th atphefe u ture. J.R osenAorethrAu,nrd ersKenno wledge P.J alIontdei,Ia nns tiotfTu etceh nolKoagnyp,uI rndia, Enter/1SrainFs reasn,c iCsAc o, An Integrated Cyberlaw Cybe Approactho S oft­ Thel aw oft heI nternet wareE ngineering Thibso opkr oviadc eosm prehengsuiivdwe el egal issuwehsi chha vaer isaesna resuolftt h eg rowth THE LAW TOHFEI NTERNET SecondE dition oft heI nterannedtt h eW orlWdi deW eb.A sw ell Fromr evieowfts h ef iresdti t.i.o.n asd iscusesaicnthgo piicnd etaJioln,a thRaons e­ "Ic anr ecommetnhdib so ofko crl assraodoomp toiro n noeirn cluedxetse nsciovvee raogfre e levcaanste s andt heiirm plicatfiotorhn esf utuTroep.i ccso v­ indivisdtuu.ad.ly". -ACCMO MPURTEIVNIGE WS ereidn clucdoep:y riagnhdtt r ademiasrsku es, defama­ ". .t.hw er itiissnu gp risfirne.gs.lTh.yh ec ontiessnu ti t­ tionp,r ivalciya,b ileilteyc,t ronic ctoanxt racts, ablfeo arn i ntrodu(cctoourryCs oem)p utperra cti­ issuaensde, t hiAcnsh .i storical ooftv heser ivgi­ew tionwehrons e eadr ecernetf erteenxcteb/oo nto hkbe a sics nificalnetg eavle nitsis n cludreudn,n ifnrgo tmh e wilall sfoi nidtu s eful." -IECEOEM PUTER foundionftg h e ElecFtrroonntiFicoe urn dation to Thitse xtboiosak ni ntroducttosi oofnt weanrgei ­ the1 99T6e lecommunicAacttiJ.oo nnsa thRaons e­ neerifnogur n dergradNuoawth eisg.h ligshotfitn­g noehra bse einn -hocuosuen sfeoRlro beHratl Ifn ter­ warper ocesasnedos b jeocrti entaittiesom np,h asis nationEaxle,c utiEvdeio trf orL exiCso unsel ison a c ase satpupdryo aicnwh h icahp rojiesdce tv el­ Connecatn,di sb esktn ownf or Chyibse rLcaowl ­ opetd hroutghhec ourosfet heb ook. umnw hiccha nb es eebny o vefro umri lliAomne r­ I997I/2 5 p p/.Hardcover/$54.95 icOan linaen dI nterunseetr s. ISBN0 -378-4989-96 1996/3p6/21 ./Hardcove1·/$34.95 UndergraTdeuaxittnes o m/nuSecri ence ISBN0 -387-94832-5 JL..Z achUanriyve,ro sfUi ttayhS ,a lLatke CitUyT, M.N ewboMrcnGi,lU ln iverMsointtyr,e al, Introduction Canado KasparoVve rsus toS cientific DeepB lue Programming ComputeCrh essC omeso fA ge ComputationParlo blemS olving UsingM aplea ndC InF ebrua1r99y6 ac, h ess-plcaoymipnugtk enro wn asD eepB lumea deh ist-obryyd efeattihnerg e ign­ Thibso oikss pecificdaelsliygf noetrde achcionmg­ inwgo rlcdh ampiGoanr,r Kya spariontv w,o g ames putatisocniaeln acnedi, n trodsutcuedse tnopt rso b­ ofa s ix-gammaetsc Kha.s parova nlnaotuenrct ehda t lem-soltvhirnogu tghheM aplceo mputaelrg ebra heb eliecvheedsc so mputihnagdc omeo fa geT.h is systaenmd t heC programmlianngg uaNguem.e r­ boogki vetshe s tobreyh intdh em atchth:e e volu­ ouse xampleexse,r ciasnedsa , c lassrporoomv en tioonf c hess-plcaoymipnugt aenrdst hed evelop­ approamcahk et hitsh ed efinittievxietn t hef ield. mento fD eepB lueE.a chof t heh istosriigxca mes Additionaas ltlryoo,nv ge rvioefmw e thoadnsdp ro­ providienfd u lwli tdhe taicloemdm entary. grammimnagk ei ta ni nvaluable forret shoepur roc­e 1996/3/212p1 .00,i llu.s./H/a$r2d9c.o9v5e r fessiaoswn ealll .bTohoefk o cuosnep sr oblem-solving ISBN0 -387-94820-I throuagnhe asy-to-ffiovlel-oaswpt perpo aicdhe:n ­ titfyh ep robldeemv,e laom pa thematmiocdaelfil n,d ac omputatimoentahlot do o lvteh em odeilm,p le­ J.P.M ullLeorn,d oUnK, mentt hem ethoidnt hea ppropriate alnadn guage, The Designo f ase stsh ep roblem-soplrvoicnetgsoi s d entmiifsy­ JNTRODUCTJOTNO takeasn du nwarranatsesdu mptiTohneas c.c om­ IntelligAegnetn ts SCIENTIFICpa nyidnigs kectotnet aiannse xtenssiuvieto ef interacotni-vleil,na eb oramtaotreyr itahlarste ad­ A LayereAdp proach PROGRAMMING ercsa nu svei aan yH TML viewer. Thimso nograpprhe seanc tosm prehensstiavtee -of­ I996/3p8p0.2 ,0i lluIsn.c,l uDdOeSs d iskette thea rstu rvoenya pproacwh tehsed esiogfni ntel­ COMPUTATIPORNOABLL SEOML VING Hardcove.r9//5$I4S9B 0N- 387-94630-6 USINMGA PLAEN OC ligeangte ntOsn. t het heoretsiicdatelh, e a uthor ideniftiae ss eto fg enerraelq uiremefnotrs autonomoiunst eracatgienngat sn dp rovidaens ToO rder essensttieatplo warudnsd erstatnhdepi rnign ciples ( VisitF:i nbeo okstoneraeyrso u. ofi ntellaiggeennttB sr.i dgtihnegg a pt ot hep rac­ Call1:- 800-SPRfNGER ticsaild teh,e n ovealg enatr chitelcnttuerReR aP e-mailo:r [email protected] isi ntroduTcheedd .e taidleesdc ripatnideo vna lu­ atioonft hiasr chiteicsta unir dee gauli delainnde case sftourds yo ftware enogrir neeseerasr chers facewdi tbhu ildainna gg ensty stem. JOSELP.ZH A CHARY Springer 1997/ 23p0p. S /oftcov.e r9/ $53 4 ISBN3 -540-62003-6 2/97 Refer5e9n6c0e : Circ#l1 e1o n ReadeSre rvicCea rd MORGAKNA UFMAPNUNB LISHERS SpeciAaClM AnniversOafrfye r High-Performance Jim BlinnC'osm erA: TriDpo wn CommunicatiNoent works TheG raphiPcisp eline JeanW alronadn dP ravin JimB linnM,i crosoRfets earch Varaiybao,t ohf T heU niversity ISBN1 -55860-387-5; $34.95 ofC A,B erkeley ISBN1 -55860-341-7; $69.95 COMPUTER ARCHlnCTUll.E A Q.U.ANTITATIVE APPROACH PrincipolfTe rsan saction Web ServerTe chnology: IOHNL HENNESSY Processfiontrgh eS ystem a: TheA dvacnedG uidfeo Wro rld DAVIAD PATT!P.SON Professional WideW ebI nformaPtiroonv iders PhilAi.pB ernstein,M icrosoft Nancy J.Y eageanrd Robert E. CorporatainodnE riNce wcomer, ComputeArr chitecutre: Distributed Algorithms McGrathB,o tohf t heN ational DigiEtqauli pmeCnotr porationA QuatintativAep proac2hE,d NancyA Lynch.M IT CentefroS ru percomputing ISBN1 -55860-415-4JUon;hi nvL e$.Hr 3esani9nntd.eDy sa 9sv5Syi,tdA n a .f ord ISBN1 -55860$-6394.89-5A4 p;pl ications PattresonU,n iversoift y ISBN1- 55860$-3347.69-5X ; CalifornBiear.k eley ISBN1 -5582690-$-873;6 .95 Lmy L Pet.er.on&. 8� $_ D.io.1c ComputeNre tworks: Object-RelaDtiBoMnSasl: PaalrlelP rogrammingw itMhP I InteracCtuirvvees an d Surfaces: A SystemAsp proach TheN extG reaWta ve PeteSr.P achecUon,i verosifty A MultimedTiuat oroinaC lA GD LarryL .P etresonU,n iversitMyi chaeSlt oneabkrer, SanFr ancisco AlynR ockwood,a ndP eter ofA rizoannad B rucSe. Inforixm ISBN1 -55860-339-C5h;am be$r3sP,9e g.a9sDu5is s k DavieC,i scSoy stemIsn.c . ISBN1 -55860$-3399.79-52 ; Technologies ISBN1 -55860$-6396.89-59 ; ISBN1 -55856-;0$7 -5490.95 !booakn d softsweatr)e CodSeC A7 Circ#l9e3o n ReadeSre rvicCea rd eciAanln iverIssasru• Fee bruar1y9 97 50 The Next Years TabloefC onttesn TheH umanC onnection 29 Introduction 30 TheB odyE lectGroircd Boenl / 33 HardwarSeo,f twaarned,l nfoware TimO 'Reilly 35 EducatainodnJ obisn t heD igitWaolr ld EsthDeyrs on 37 A Timeo fT ransitDiaonnn y Hillis 40 Pervasive InfSoyrsmtaetmisoBJnio renlb aum 42 GaragCei nemaan dt heF uturoefM ediTae chnology MarDcc 1vis 49 Howt oS urtfh eT echnoloWgayv eWse Created DennTissi chritzis 55 TheF rontBieetrw eeUns JarLoann ier 57 World-WiCdoem puteTri mB erners-Lee 59 BetweeHno pea ndF eaBre nS hneiderman 63 Post-WIUMsPe Irn terfAancedsrv iaeDns a m SocieDtiamle nsions 68 TheB esotf A lPlo ssiWbolrel ds JohPne rBrcyt rlow 75 BettDeerm ocraTchyr ougTehc hnoloBgryo Nc.kM eeks 79 TheD igitRaevlo lutiinRo ent rospBemcctSe t erling So Asleeaptt heK eyboaSrtde Tvael bott 83 DirectPionlgi cy-MaBkeiynognt dh eN et's MetaphJoerr ry BaenrdDm emaine l\)¥1e.i tzner 85 TheR ighttoR eadR ichSatrda l/man 88 WhatW ilHla ppeinn t he NeSxOtY earTse?Sd e lker 90 Crusahn dC rasLho:g iocfa T erribTolmeo rrow TheodHoorl Nme lson CoveIrul sltratbiyMo ant su COMMUNIACTIONSO FT HEA CM Februa1r9y9 /7V o4l0.. 2N o. 3 Februa1ry9 97 TheS cienocfeF utuTreec hnoogly 92 SensorTsh:eN extW aveo fI nnovation PauSciflfo 98 Lookifnogar HumaneI nterface: WilClo mputeErvse Bre comEea sy Utsoe ? JefR mkin 102 TheP asatn dF uturHei stoorfty h e InternBeatr rMy.L einVeiinctG o.Cn e rf. DaviDd.C larRko.b eEr.Kt a hn. LeonKalredi nrockC..L yDnacnhi.e l JonP ostLealr.Gr .yR oberts,W olfSft ephen 109 Looki nt heS pacefsoT ro morrow's InnovatiWm.o nAs. Wt tfj 12 TheM icroproceEsnsgoirno:ef t heT echnolRoegvyo lutGioornd Eo.J\!n I oore l 115G lobaliBzuisnign eEsdsu,c atiCounl,t uTrher ougthh eI nternNeatb iAld amB.a mcAhw erb11ch. JacSolbo nPiemt.We erg nYee1le:nY ae sha 122M yC omputer-RelWaitsehLd i sfto tr heN ext5 0Y earCsh arRloisee n 125S pinniWnegb si nttoh e2 1s tC entuSrayc hWeembS lingers 129S oftwaErneg ineerSitnrge:t chtihneLg i miotfsC ompletyx NiamyG .L c;z;eson 132A NewS ocial ConftorrRa ecste arPceht eDre)n.n ing 135 Communications Technology andi tIsm pacbty 2 0I 0 DavidF)a.r ber 39 DatabaRsees earFcahc etsh e r InformatEixopnl osion HenrF yK oratnhd AbmhmSni fberschatz Columns 1 PersonCaolm puting r TechnoliongB yl oom: Implicatfiootrnh seN ext5 0 YearLsa rPrrye ss 19 DigiVtialll aCgybee rspace 2000De:a liwnigt h Information Overload HalB erghel 170I nsiRdies kHsop esf orF eweRri skPse tGe.rN e11mann Departments 27 ACM97S peakeCrosr ner 144I ndetxo A dvertisers 143 CareeOrp portunities 4 February1 997/ Vo4l0..N o.2 COMMUNICTAIONOSF T HEA CM UOMMNIIJ\TIONS OFT HEA CM EditorPioailn ters A monthlpyu blicatofit ohneA CM alble glaanFs etb arruWyi.t h caaspm oesraendld gi hstp opping, Publications Office IT ACM,1 515B roadway, VicPer iedseAnlGt o rsew tichoendt h5e0- yealdrE -NoIAcCo m­ New YorkN,e w YorkI0 036-5I7U 0S A puetrW.at cihgn thaotr igniunbmaelr -nccrhbuelri annkcd hu rnw,e (2128)6 9-74F4A0X :( 2128)6 9-0481 wermeo meanrltiyt ransptooor uttree dnc ohglioaclr oors. EditorIinafolr mation Howf awre' vcemo e. emaiclr:a [email protected] Thaetv ekncitk eodfa fy e-aolrncgo mmemoriaotonft hbeic rho f Changoef a ddresasc:m [email protected] Calendiatre mcsa:l [email protected] copmurgia nntdh dea wonft hieno frmataigoeIn'.rb s e eant imfeo r MemberS ervicInfeosr mation: celebraantrdei cfolrnei foonrr,e tirgna tchfeuo ndatiaonwndo nder­ [email protected] ignw hat cnoemxers. ExecutiEvdei torD:i anCer awford Asw es eatb opurrpe anrgit his sapnenecirivsaialsr ysh uoen oring ManaginEgd itorT:h omaEs. L ambert thferi ts5 0y eaorfcs o mtpniug-antdhf ei r5s0yt e aorfAs C M­ SenioErd itorA:n dreRwo senbloom AssociaEtdei torR:o berFto x oufro cwuasts hferu urWee.d erwu pa w islshit o fp astp,r eenst, EditorAisasli stanHte:l ePna checo anfdru rue clotmgipp nlinoeeirnssd,tuy or bseravnetdrce shi,n cal CopyrighDt:e boraCho tton leadientr hsfee i ldj ouisno nt hjiosnu eryWe.d edceirdta her to ContributEidnigt ors thaanst kh etmop reidcwth at th5e0y enaewrxistbl rli wnegw ,e re JohnP errBya rloRwo;b erLt.G lass; itneresitnme odr ep erseosnsaalWy ews a.tn edk nrwoo t hehiorp es SeymouGro odmanB;r ocNk. M eeks; NeiMlu nroP;e teGr. N eumannL;a rrPyr ess; fotrh fetl luero ft eclhongoy. RoyR adaP;a melSaa muelsEolnl;iS ootl oway Ther espornoos ueirv n iartiwoanas rs ouingnd;n evbeerf ohraes ArtD irectoCra: reRno senblatt sucahc o llectoifpo onw ercfmoumle ntraisbe eeansm sbelefodr o ne ProductiMoann ager:L ynnD 'Addesio issTuhee. ippcaairntts iissnu aets,yh oiwusi slelre e,v eilnte hde ir assginemntasn,td h es urileasts eroifee sss aanyds asrt thiawctil lel AdvertisDiinrge ctoWra:l teArn drzejewski AdvertisAisnsgi stanSti:l via Castex provomkoietv, aetniel,g htaennda,,tt m iese,v en an.gW eera r ye ou Advertising idnebtteotd h een tshaiusma nsdpu pofrrotm a ltlha eu orrhisnt his CoordinatoMri:c heBliea nchi issauswe e,la lst hyeo ungd esnattnusad r itswthsoh avper ovided Display AdvertisRienpgr esentatives theoiwrni netrparteiroofnt shf etu rue. Northeast/Midatlantic/Midwest/Foreign: WalteArn drzejewski (2126)2 6-068F5a:;x( 2128)6 9-0481 Iw ouldl aierl kos or tahkoieps p uornytir to thank the emaialn:d [email protected] Communisccaatffoitfroh nessit re addfeadsitc aantddie otnei arntmion Northeast: TheS ummitG roup thorughtohupirr seo rcj.w aIastt remenudndoeursit gna,ak nidt (20I )4 42-399F8a,x( :9 088)7 6-9332 hardo abcoecm pslhiegdvi etnh sea maem ouonfptr oudction time emaihle:r [email protected] anrde souarsec veyesm r ontihslsyMu aeng.ai gnE doirTr om Southeast: RayR icklaensd C ompany LambeSretn,iE odorir rA ndRyo snebloo,am nAds siotace rEodri (7706)6 4-456F7a,x( :7 70) 740-1399 RobeFrotwx o rkferedoi cou,sl liygnu ipna llthosrcdshu,eil gnd ea­d Midwest: BartE ngels lnierse,w koigrnd arftasn,fdn i e-ntigune veersys AaryDt.ir ecror (8478)5 4-605F0a,x( :8 478)5 4-8183 CarReons neblsac trtte'ieasv kiwlelrisesn tmreunatli np ulgla ilnl emaieln:g ell@sa ol.com thpeei cergsoe thienort c ao hievsceo,l oprafulla teedt ioorfai nadl West: MarshaRlulb iann dA ssociates atrisetxipcri eosPnsr.ou dcriMaonna gLeynrnD 'Addseiaosi, hs e r (8189)9 5-882F8a;x( :8 189)9 5-6366 cuosmrk,e patllo fu so ns chedluewlseetm isst huel ttiedm eaad­ emaimlr:u [email protected] lniew ihtt hpern ietr. ClassiAfdiveedr tiings Myd eepgearstti truoad lwelh oh avoeffe resdom ucho ft heir ACM Advertising Department, time,e fotfrhtetsih,red ierra mfso trh sipsie acils sue of 1515B roadwaNye,w YorkN,Y 10036-5701. (212) 869-F7a4x(4:20 1;2 ) 869-0481. CommtmicMayht oipoients sh t.ay ofui ntdh eirc teciw ovolrlaken emaialc:m [email protected] snpaitriaolln ook afttuu eotr fho eui rn sdtyuar nodu sro ciIett yi.s , after allt,h saab tne' e5in0ys esauirens mtahkei ng. Communicatiooftn hseA CM (ISSONO 1O- 078i2sp) u blismhoendt hblyyt he ACM,1 515B roadwaNye,w YorkN,Y I0 036-5I7.P0 e riodipcoasltsap gaei adt l>�{} f-,( New YorkN,Y IOOIO,a ndo themra ilionffgi ces. POSTMASTEPRl:e asseen da ddrecshsa ngteos ExecuEtdioivrte Communicatoifot nhseA CM,1 515B roadway, New YorkN,Y 10036-5U7S0A1. COMING NEXTM ONTH:R ecmomendtaioSny smtse WBPA Printiendt heU .S.A. COMMUNIACTIONSO FT HEA CM Februa1r99y 7/V o4l0.N .o .2 5 UOMMNIWIONS ACM OFT HEA CM TheA ssociaftoirCo onm puting A monthlpyu blicatoifAo CnM TheA ssociatfioorCn o mputing ACM (founde1d9 47)i sa ni nternatisocniaeln tainfdie cd ucational organizatdieodni catteoda dvancitnhgea rts,c ien,ce engineer,i ng anda pplicatoifio nnf ormattieocnh nolosgeyrv,i nbgo thp rofessiaonnda l AdvisoBroya rd publiicn terebsytf so stertihnego peni nterchaonfgi en formatainodnb y GordoBne lHla;lB erghGerla;dB yo ocNha;t haniel promotitnhge h ighepsrto fessionaanld e thicsatla ndards. 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