Communications, Media and the Imperial Experience: Britain and India in the Twentieth Century

294 Pages·2014·2.211 MB·English

by  Chandrika Kaul (auth.)

Communications, Media and the Imperial Experience
AlsobyChandrikaKaul
REPORTINGTHERAJ:theBritishPressandIndiac1880–1922(2004)
MEDIAANDTHEBRITISHEMPIRE(2006&2013)
EXPLORATIONSINMODERNINDIANHISTORYANDTHEMEDIA(2009)
INTERNATIONALCOMMUNICATIONSANDGLOBALNEWSNETWORKS:
HistoricalPerspectives(withP.PutnisandJ.Wilke;2011)
Communications, Media
and the Imperial
Experience
Britain and India in the Twentieth Century
Chandrika Kaul
UniversityofStAndrews,Scotland
©ChandrikaKaul2014
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-0-230-57258-4
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Kaul,Chandrika.
Communications,mediaandtheimperialexperience:BritainandIndiain
thetwentiethcentury/ChandrikaKaul,UniversityofStAndrews,
Scotland.
pages cm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
1. India—Politicsandgovernment—1919–1947. 2. GreatBritain—
Foreignrelations—India. 3. India—Foreignrelations—GreatBritain.
4. India—Inmassmedia—History—20thcentury. 5. India—History—
20thcentury. I. Title.
DS480.45.K3492014
303.48(cid:2)25404109041—dc23 2014023267
To Ishypooh and Mum
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Contents
ListofTablesandFigures ix
Acknowledgements xi
ListofAbbreviations xiii
CurrencyandExchangeRates xv
1 Communications,MediaandtheImperialExperience:
PerspectivesandPerceptions 1
2 Coronation,ColonialismandCulturesofControl:The
DelhiDurbar,1911 19
Introduction;TheJournalismParadigm;TheImperial
Paradigm;ImperialMediaEvent;Conceptualisingthe
CoronationDurbar;Communications&theCoronation
Experience;PressCoveragePriortotheDurbar;Gatewayof
India;Delhi&theSovereign;TheTimesCoverage;
Resonances&Impact;ConcludingRemarks
3 IndiaasViewedbytheAmericanMedia:ChicagoDaily
Tribune,WilliamShirerandGandhianNationalism,
1930–1 71
Introduction;IndianPublicity&theUS;AmericanNews
Agencies&India;ChicagoDailyTribune,McCormick&
OverseasCoverage;McCormick&India;Shirer&India;
Shirer&Gandhi;WithGandhiinEngland;Gandhi&the
WesternMedia;BritishPropaganda&theAmericanPress;
ConcludingRemarks
4 ‘InvisibleEmpireTie’:BroadcastingandtheBritishRaj
intheInterwarYears 123
Introduction;RadioinIndia;CommercialRadio
Broadcasting;GovernmentofIndia&Broadcasting;BBC&
IndianBroadcasting;TheFieldenYears;Broadcasting&
Print;ConcludingRemarks
vii
viii Contents
5 ‘OperationSeduction’:Mountbatten,theMediaand
Decolonisationin1947 172
Introduction;TheMountbattenFactor;Freedomat
Midnight:TheForeignMedia;BritishNationalPress;
Broadcasting&Newsreels;Indian&Anglo-IndianPress;
ConcludingRemarks
6 ConcludingRemarks 219
Notes 228
Appendices 255
Bibliography 258
Index 272
Tables and Figures
Tables
4.1 GrowthofRadioLicencesinBritishIndia,1927–39 141
5.1 HeadlinesoftheBritishnationalpressatIndian
Independence 188
Figures
Cover:M.K.GandhiandJamesA.MillaboardtheSSRajputanaenroute
totheSecondRoundTableConference,London,September1931,Asso-
ciated Press Corporate Archives, London and New York, James A. Mills
collection
2.1 LordHardinge,ViceroyofIndia,bycourtesyofJames
HoussemayneDuBoulayprivatecollection,London 33
2.2 SirValentineChirol,bycourtesyofJamesHoussemayne
DuBoulayprivatecollection,London 46
2.3 CrowdsattheDelhiDurbar,12December1911,by
courtesyofJamesHoussemayneDuBoulayprivate
collection,London 48
2.4 Contemporaryviewsofthesiteofthe1911Coronation
Durbar,Delhi,photosbyauthor,2011 65
3.1 WilliamL.ShireronboardshipenroutetoIndia,1931
[photograph,copy],reprintedbypermissionofthe
LiteraryTrustofWilliamL.Shirer,GeorgeT.Henry
CollegeArchives,CoeCollege,Iowa 73
3.2 ExtractfromprivatediaryofWilliamL.Shirer,
21February1931,reprintedbypermissionoftheLiterary
TrustofWilliamL.Shirer,GeorgeT.HenryCollege
Archives,CoeCollege,Iowa 97
3.3 ‘AFrankensteinoftheEast’,cartoonbyRavenHill,
12March1930,reproducedwithpermissionofPunchLtd 111
3.4 Gandhiandhisassociates,includingPyarelalNayar,
MahadevDesaiandSarojiniNaidu,1931[photograph,
copy]byWilliamL.Shirer,reprintedwiththepermission
oftheLiteraryTrustofWilliamL.Shirer,GeorgeT.Henry
CollegeArchives,CoeCollege,Iowa 120
ix