Communication in History: Technology, Culture, and Society

372 Pages·1999·27.794 MB·English

Communication
DavId Ckpo/ley
Paul Heyek.

Communication
IN History

THIRD EDITION
Communication
IN History
Technology, Culture, Society
David Crowley
McGill University
McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology,
University of Toronto
The InterNet Group
Paul Heyer
Simon Fraser University
McLuhan Program in Culture and Technology,
University of Toronto
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Library of Congress-in-Publication Data
Communication in history / [edited by] David Crowley, Paul Heyer.—3rd ed.
p. cm.
Includes biographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8013-3133-1
I. Communication—History. I. Crowley, D. J. (David J.), 1945-
II. Heyer, Paul, 1946-
p90.C62945 1998
302.2’09—dc21 98-28839
CIP
Copyright © 1999 by Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
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ISBN 0-8013-31331
2345678910—MA—010099
Don Theall
FOR
Teacher, Scholar, Friend
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Preface xi
PAR l i The Media of Early Civilization 1
1. The Art and Symbols of Ice Age Man 5
Alexander Marshack
2. The Earliest Precursor of Writing 15
Denise Schmandt-Besserat
3. Media in Ancient Empires 23
Harold Innis
4. Civilization Without Writing—The Incas and the Quipu 30
Marcia Ascher and Robert Ascher
5. The Origins of Writing 36
Andrew Robinson
P A R T I I - The Tradition of Western Literacy 43
6. The Consequences of Literacy 46
Jack Goody and Ian Watt
7. The Greek Legacy 54
Eric Havelock
8. Orality, Literacy, and Modern Media 60
Walter Ong
9. A Medieval Library 67
Umberto Eco
10. Communication in the Middle Ages 70
James Burke
viii
Contents
P A H T fl II The Print Revolution 81
11. The Invention of Printing 85
Lewis Mumford
12. The Rise of the Reading Public 89
Elizabeth Eisenstein
13. Print, Space, and Closure 97
Walter Ong
14. Early Modern Literacies 108
Elarvey ]. Graff
15. The Trade in News 118
John B. Thompson
16. Files, Bureaucrats, and Intellectuals 123
Robert Darnton
PART IV Electricity Creates the Wired World 131
17. Time, Space, and the Telegraph 135
James Carey
18. The New Journalism 141
Michael Schudson
19. The Telephone Takes Command 149
Claude S. Eischer
20. Early Uses of the Telephone 155
Carolyn Marvin
21. Dream Worlds of Consumption 163
Rosalynd Williams